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Generative AI in Higher Education: Guiding Principles for Teaching and Learning (Volume 1)
No full textThe rise and promises of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) has long been a topic of both excitement and skepticism (Chiu, 2023; Dwivedi et al., 2023; Farrokhnia et al., 2023; Hwang et al., 2020; Wang & Li, 2024). Higher education institutions exhibit different perspectives towards Generative AI (GenAI), with some institutions regarding it as a double-edged sword, a threat to academic integrity and thus outright prohibiting its application. Others, however, have actively incorporated it into academic practices as an innovative tool, developing ethical usage frameworks to ensure appropriate usage and integration. Nartey’s (2025) book Generative AI in Higher Education: Guiding Principles for Teaching and Learning aims to guide higher education institutions in embracing, accepting and implementing GenAI to transform the educational experience. It addresses key concerns about AI use in higher education, such as ethics, authenticity, equity, accessibility, and job impact. The author argues that these concerns should not hinder institutions from moving forward. Instead, they should guide the development of policies and guidelines that ensure AI’s benefits are realized without increasing existing inequalities or compromising the core mission of higher education: educating, inspiring, and preparing students to contribute meaningfully to society. The book provides guiding principles for using GenAI effectively and ethically to enhance teaching and learning without undermining academic integrity. It outlines a strategic roadmap for institutional implementation while critically addressing the complexities and ethical dilemmas inherent in adopting GenAI technologies within higher education contexts. This book clarifies that GenAI systems, like ChatGPT, are not inherently problematic; the central challenge lies in users\u27 ethical engagement with them. It stresses that responsible interaction, not the technology itself, shapes societal outcomes. The book is divided into the following sections: an introduction, chapter one, chapter two, and chapter three
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS: A QUESTIONNAIRE AND AN INTERVIEW GUIDE USED TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION OBJECTIVES AND THE ATTAINMENT OF CAMEROON'S VISION 2035
Get PDFThis paper is an excerpt from a Master Degree Thesis (M.Ed.) conducted in 2016. The aim is to present a systematic and detailed explanation of the construction and administration of two research instruments (a questionnaire and an interview guide) used for data collection in the study “The Implementation of Higher Education Objectives and the Attainment of Cameroon's Vision 2035”. This information will serve as a useful guide to the researchers working in the same or similar research project at various context, to adapt or adopt the various items in these instruments when and wherever necessary. The questionnaire (44 items) and interview guide used in the aforementioned study were subjected to Validity and reliability. To give a clear picture of the context and nature of the aforementioned research, the researcher included some related sections from the original research which led to (guided) the construction of the research instruments. These sections include; statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, research design, instrumentation, questionnaire for students, validation of the instrument (face and content), reliability of the instrument, administration of instruments, and procedure for data analysis. A step-by-step (systematic) reading of the aforementioned sections will guide readers to understand why and how the research instruments were selected and constructed. Based on previous studies and related literature, the researcher concluded that a questionnaire and an interview guide were appropriate instruments for the aforementioned study.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION OBJECTIVES TOWARDS THE ATTAINMENT OF CAMEROON’S VISION 2035 / MISE EN ŒUVRE DES OBJECTIFS DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR POUR LA RÉALISATION DE LA VISION 2035 DU CAMEROUN
No full textThis study aimed at investigating the extent to which the Implementation of Higher Education Objectives (HEO) predicts the attainment of Cameroon’s Vision 2035. Specifically, the study was: (1) To find out whether the strengthening of gender equality is effectively ensuring the attainment of Cameroon's Vision 2035 with respect to poverty alleviation and national unity, and consolidation of democracy. (2) To find out whether the training of trainers and researchers is effectively ensuring the attainment of Cameroon's Vision 2035 with respect to poverty alleviation and national unity and consolidation of democracy. The study made use of two hypotheses, which were either accepted or rejected after analysis. The quantitative and qualitative (mixt method) design was used for this study. The population of the study consisted of all the final year students (potential graduates: B.Sc, B.Ed, M.A, M.Sc, M.Ed, Ph.D., and HND, etc.) from 14 Higher Institutes of Learning (HIL) in the South West Region of Cameroon. The sample consisted of 370 students chosen at random. 24 teachers were also interviewed. A questionnaire and an interview guide were used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by 30 students who did not constitute part of the sample. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (statistical tool). Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis. The findings revealed that; the strengthening of gender equality is high hence guarantees the attainment of Cameroon's Vision 2035 with respect to poverty alleviation, and national unity, and consolidation of democracy. Results revealed that factors in favor of gender equality include; Policies adjustment leading to inclusive education, equity and increase in gender access, relatively equal opportunities in Science Departments, a relative change in teachers’ perception towards women education, the relative decrease in favoritism and increase in meritocracy rate in HE classrooms, increase in female leaders, teachers, and researcher to influence decision making leading to a relative balance in the inclusion of male and female students in major school projects, activities and decisions. On the contrary, results revealed that the mean for the training of trainers and researchers were found low as such does not guarantee the attainment of Cameroon's Vision 2035 with respect to poverty alleviation, and national unity and consolidation of democracy. Results revealed that, factors influencing the low level of Training of Trainers and Researchers in HE include; generally low-quality control and monitoring in HE, inadequate financial, material and human resources to effectively influence the training of trainers and researcher, poor research funding and management, low motivation of staff and students to attend seminars, ineffective research supervision, and duration for learners to gain required skills, poor feedback quality from research supervisors, contribute to the low level of Training of Trainers and Researchers in HE. The researcher concluded that the Implementation of HEO has a direct relationship with the attainment of Cameroon’s Vision 2035 yet some of the objectives are not effectively implemented. The better the implementation of HEO, the more HE can guarantee the attainment of Vision 2035. Some recommendations and suggestions for further study were made.
Cette étude visait à déterminer jusqu’où la mise en œuvre des objectifs de l’enseignement supérieur prévoit la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun. Plus précisément, il s’agissait de: (1) déterminer si le renforcement de l’égalité des sexes garantit véritablement la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun concernant la réduction de la pauvreté, l’unité nationale et la consolidation de la démocratie. (2) Déterminer si la formation des formateurs et celle des chercheurs garantissent véritablement la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun en matière de lutte contre la pauvreté, d’unité nationale et de consolidation de la démocratie. L’étude a fait appel à deux hypothèses, acceptées ou rejetées après analyse. Cette étude a fait recours à une combinaison de méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives (approche mixte). La population de l’étude était composée de tous les étudiants de dernière année (diplômés potentiels: licences, masters, doctorats, BTS , etc.) de 14 instituts d’enseignement supérieur basés dans la région Sud-Ouest du Cameroun. L’échantillon était composé de 370 étudiants choisis au hasard. 24 enseignants ont également été interviewés. Un questionnaire et un guide d’interview ont été utilisés pour la collecte des données. Le questionnaire a été validé par 30 étudiants qui ne faisaient pas partie de l’échantillon. Les données quantitatives ont été analysées à l’aide du coefficient de corrélation de Pearson (outil statistique). Les données qualitatives ont été analysées en utilisant l’analyse du contenu. Les résultats ont révélé que: le renforcement de l’égalité des sexes est élevé, ce qui garantit la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun concernant la réduction de la pauvreté, l’unité nationale et la consolidation de la démocratie. Les résultats ont révélé que les facteurs suivants favorisent l’égalité des sexes: l’ajustement des politiques conduisant à une éducation inclusive ; l’équité et l’amélioration de l’accès des hommes et des femmes à l’égalité de chances dans les facultés de science ; le changement de la perception qu’ont les enseignants à l’égard de l’éducation des femmes ; la réduction du favoritisme et l’augmentation du taux de méritocratie en enseignement supérieur ; l’inclusion des étudiants et étudiantes dans les grands projets, les activités et les décisions académiques. Par contre, les résultats ont révélé que les moyens octroyés à la formation des formateurs et des chercheurs étaient faibles car ceux-ci ne garantissent pas la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun en ce qui concerne la lutte contre la pauvreté, l’unité nationale et de consolidation de la démocratie. Les résultats ont révélé que les facteurs suivants influencent le faible niveau de formation des formateurs et des chercheurs dans l’enseignement supérieur: le contrôle et le suivi dans l’enseignement supérieur qui généralement de mauvaise qualité ; les ressources financières, matérielles et humaines insuffisantes pour impacter efficacement la formation des formateurs et des chercheurs ; l’insuffisance du financement et de la gestion de la recherche ; la faible motivation du personnel et des étudiants à participer à des séminaires. L’inefficacité de la direction des recherches, la durée d’acquisition des techiniques nécessaires et les feedbacks de mausaise qualité venant des directeurs de recherche contribuent eux aussi, au faible niveau de la formation des formateurs et des chercheurs dans l’enseignement supérieur. Le chercheur a conclu que la mise en œuvre des objectifs de l’enseignement supérieur a un lien direct avec la réalisation de la Vision 2035 du Cameroun, cependant certains de ces objectifs ne sont pas véritablement mis en œuvre. Plus la mise en œuvre des objectifs de l’enseignement supérieur est effective, plus elle garantit la réalisation de la Vision 2035. Quelques recommandations et suggestions ont été faites en vue d’une étude plus approfondie.
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Is the Internationalization of Higher Education at Risk? Covid-19 Pandemic and Online Learning of International Students
No full textAny university that wishes to be recognized in terms of the internationalization of higher education needs to take the Covid-19 pandemic as an opportunity for development as we live in a world of uncertainties. This study focused on examining the challenges faced by international students studying online because they cannot travel to their host countries to study due to the Covid-19 pandemic to propose some recommendations to improve the learning experiences of international students in case of emergencies such as the Covid-19 pandemic. An exploratory case study research design was used, adopting the qualitative methodology. The study’s sample population consisted of 48 international students in two universities in China. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide. The data collected was analyzed thematically. The study found that most international students studying online face the following major challenges; poor internet connection, limited class participation, and inability to finish research projects on time. As far as the internationalization of higher education is concerned, students may not fully acquire the international experience that comes with higher education internationalization if they continue to study online. Moreover, the study found that the following strategies can be implemented to enhance online teaching and learning during a pandemic, such as Covid-19; Good internet connections, communication with students, training lecturers on how to carry out online teaching, and monitoring students studying online
The Future of Higher Education: A Call for Radical Pedagogical Innovation in Post-Pandemic Times
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted higher education globally, revealing both traditional pedagogies' strengths and weaknesses. As institutions turned to online learning, significant gaps in accessibility, digital literacy, and adaptability became apparent. This paper argues for a radical transformation of pedagogical innovation in post-pandemic higher education, advocating for a shift towards more flexible, inclusive, and student-centred learning models to bring the sustainable change we all want. It highlights key strategies, such as hybrid models, personalized learning, active and experiential learning, and rethinking assessment methods. These innovations, supported by digital tools, can better address diverse student needs and prepare learners for a rapidly evolving workforce. Nevertheless, institutional resistance to change, addressing the digital divide, and ensuring scalability remain potential barriers and challenges that must be overcome to achieve it. This paper, therefore, calls for collective and coordinated efforts by higher education institutions, stakeholders and policymakers to drive the required systemic change in higher education. By embracing these innovations, universities can build a more flexible, resilient, equitable, and future-ready education system that moves beyond the limitations of traditional pedagogies. The pandemic offers a unique opportunity to rethink the foundations of higher education and prioritize pedagogical practices that promote critical thinking, adaptability, and lifelong learning in an uncertain world
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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