1,720,966 research outputs found
Epidemiological surveillance system in Burkina Faso : contribution to the implementation of computerized system for reporting malaria data and geo-epidemiological analyses for decision-making
No full textNotre travail a montré qu’un système de surveillance épidémiologique (SEpi), comme ceux basés sur la téléphonie mobile, doit être obligatoirement intégré au système national. Souvent les acteurs extérieurs imposent et décident de la mise en place d’un système d'information (SI), sans réelle concertation avec les utilisateurs et responsables, sans intégration au système national, sans réflexion à long terme, sur le fonctionnement, les coûts, les développements. Les utilisateurs et les responsables doivent s’approprier le dispositif, tant dans sa mise en place que dans le maintien, le développement et l’analyse. L’exemple de la variation spatio-temporelle du paludisme a montré que des facteurs non sanitaires, en l’occurrence environnementaux, impactent sur la survenue d’épidémies. Il est donc nécessaire, pour avoir une vision de la situation épidémiologique dans un contexte de décision nationale, d’intégrer ces facteurs pour optimiser l’analyse et la SEpi. Il est indispensable, pour une analyse utile d’une situation épidémiologique, d’avoir, en temps réel, des échelles spatiales et temporelles très fines. Le succès du développement d’un SI réside principalement dans l’implication des autorités à chaque niveau hiérarchique. Sans politique de SIS décidée au plus haut niveau, structurée et activement coordonnée, toute mise en œuvre d’un nouvel outil (tablette, téléphone etc.) est vouée à l’échec, quel que soit le budget alloué.Il faut sortir de la tradition de bilan/rapport annuels qui n’analyse que des informations agrégées passées, déconnectées du SI national, pour entrer dans la SEpi 2.0 en temps réel, réactive, intégrée dans un SIS structuré et coordonnée nationalement.Our work has shown that an epidemiological surveillance system (SEpi), such as those based on mobile phones, must be integrated into the national system. Often external actors impose and decide on the implementation of an information system (IS), without real consultation with users and managers, without integration into the national system, without long-term reflection on the functioning, costs and developments. Users and managers must take ownership of the system, both in its implementation and in its maintenance, development and analysis. The example of the spatial and temporal variation of malaria has shown that non-health factors, in this case environmental factors, have an impact on the occurrence of epidemics. It is therefore necessary, in order to have a vision of the epidemiological situation in a national decision-making context, to integrate these factors to optimize the analysis and the SEpi. It is essential, for a useful analysis of an epidemiological situation, to have, in real time, very fine spatial and temporal scales. The success of IS development depends mainly on the involvement of authorities at each hierarchical level. Without an SIS policy decided at the highest level, structured and actively coordinated, any implementation of a new tool (tablet, mobile phone, etc.) is doomed to failure, regardless of the budget allocated.It is necessary to move away from the tradition of annual review/reporting, which only analyses past aggregated information, disconnected from the national IS, to enter SEpi 2.0 in real time, reactive, integrated into a structured and nationally coordinated SIS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Incidence of forest income in reducing poverty and inequalities: evidence from forest dependent households in manages forests' area in Burkina Faso
No full textCahiers du GREThA n° 2012-2
Ecological inequalities, poverty and forest income: a case study from Burkina Faso
No full textInternational audienc
Incidence of forest activities on poverty and income inequalities: Evidence from forest dependent households in managed forests areas in Burkina Faso
No full textInternational audienc
La demande de bois-énergie à Ouagadougou : esquisse d’évaluation de l’impact physique et des échecs des politiques de prix
Get PDFThis paper aims at evaluating not only the wood-energy demand of Ouagadougou, the physic impact of this city wood energy consumption on the forest of its provisioning area, together with the causes of wood-energy price policy failures. The evaluation’s methods of wood energy consumption are reviewed in comparison with the resource supply conditions and the availability on data of wood resource demand. The data on the forest inventories of the wood-energy provisioning surface of Ouagadougou, as well as investigations into the households and the craftsmen allows estimating the consumption of Ouagadougou in wood-energy and its impact on the forest resources’ depletion. some complementary analysis have been done on the main causes of wood energy price policy failures
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Aménagement forestier et lutte contre la pauvreté au Burkina Faso
Get PDFThis article uses data from a large survey funded by US-AID and implemented by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) on the main eight managed forest areas for wood fuel production in Burkina Faso (may-june, 2005), for analyzing the effects of this forest management policy on peasants living conditions around these forest areas. This survey has covered 355 woodcutters of 24 villages located between 35 km and 250 km from Ouagadougou the capital city of this country. A preliminary approach of woodcutters’ income structure has revealed the magnitude of wood fuel income on their other income sources, and also the great contribution of this activity on the improvement of woodcutters’ living conditions. Percentiles and poverty indexes’ methods have been used to capture poverty incidence, deepness and severity among woodcutters of these managed forest areas. It worked out that woodcutters’ poverty prevalence (incidence) in these forest areas is lower than that computed at national level in 2003. It’s the same for the poverty deepness index which also is lower than that found at the national level. Although, the average poverty severity index on these observed forest areas has been greater than that observed in 2003 at the national level even if it exists a high dispersion of this index among forest areas and villages of these forest areas
ANALYSE ECONOMIQUE D’UNE ACTIVITE CONSOMMATRICE DE BOIS ENERGIE : LA PRODUCTION DE BIERE TRADITIONNELLE DE SORGHO ROUGE « DOLO » A OUAGADOUGOU, BURKINA-FASO
Get PDFCe papier a pour but d’analyser les déterminants de la demande d’inputs des artisans producteurs de la bière traditionnelle de sorgho rouge, une activité réservée à des femmes à Ouagadougou la capitale du Burkina Faso. D’une part, une analyse descriptive permet de mettre en exergue l’importance de cette activité dans l’activité économique nationale, mais aussi son importance dans la consommation de l’énergie ligneuse; d’autre part, l’approche théorique du producteur à travers un modèle économétrique utilisant la fonction de coût translog permet de dériver les demandes conditionnelles d’inputs, notamment celle du bois-énergie. Les coefficients estimés de la demande conditionnelle du bois-énergie des dolotières ont révélé une très faible sensibilité de cette demande par rapport au prix du bois-énergie. Cela contraint les politiques de prix du bois-énergie. Cependant, la simulation sur la quantité demandée du bois-énergie de l’effet d’une taxation du prix du bois-énergie révèle une importante économie de bois-énergie à l’échelle globale de la cette ville, bien qu’une telle taxation entraîne une réduction importante du profit de la dolotière à niveau de production inchangée. Les analyses faites dans ce papier relèvent du court terme
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