1,720,994 research outputs found
Screening of Rhizobacterial Indigenous as Biocontrol Agents Against Bacterial Wilt on Chili Using In Planta Technique
No full textBacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the severe diseases on chili. Until now this disease is difficult to control, while these bacteria attack the xylem vessel and are unreachable by any bactericide. One group of important biocontrol agents are the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The PGPR have also the ability to increase growth and yield of plants. The aim of this research was to obtain rhizobacterial isolates, which have the ability to control bacterial wilt on chili and to increase growth and yield. This method based on in plant selection of enhanced competitive root-colonizing bacteria from soil samples
from rhizosphere, healthy chili in endemic area of bacterial wilt diseases (West Sumatera Province, Indonesia). This approach focuses on indirect mechanisms
(systemic induced resistance). This technique has the possibility to find new, easy, and cheap biocontrol organisms. We have isolated 42 rhizobacteria from healthy
chili’s rhizosphere. Only 17 rhizobacterial isolates could increase seedling growth of chili compared to control plants; the rest of isolates reduced growth of chili seedlings. There were no bacterial wilt symptom on 13 rhizobacterial isolate introduced chilies and lower infection (33.3%) on two rhizobacterial isolate introduced chilies, compared with control plants (100% wilt and die). We have obtained also two rhizobacterial isolates which could control bacterial wilt diseases and increase growth of chili, the isolate RZ.2.1.AG1 as Bacillus cereus strain INACH001 and the isolate
RZ.1.3.AP1 as Bacillus subtilis strain BSn5
Investigation of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition for antidiabetic potential of agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) leaves extract
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar. The most common treatment is taking oral hypoglycemic drugs such as acarbose, but long-term use of acarbose has dangerous side effects. Thus, alternative therapies using herbal medicines are of interest to researchers. Aquilaria malaccensis leaves have been used as an herbal tea for their high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This research aimed to analyze the antidiabetic potential of A. malaccensis leaves extract in vitro and in silico. The research utilized a methodology that included the analysis of the inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes through spectrophotometry. Furthermore, the study examined the inhibition of glucose diffusion in the dialysis bag. Additionally, an in silico investigation on α-glucosidase inhibition was conducted, involving toxicity analysis of selected compounds, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and density functional theory. The results showed that chloroform extract of A. malaccensis leaves had the best result on each test parameter with an IC50 of 3.22 mg/mL for α-amylase inhibition and 3.65 mg/mL for α-glucosidase inhibition. The chloroform extract of A. malaccensis leaves is the best for inhibiting glucose diffusion in the first 30 min. All in silico models supported by density functional theory showed that some secondary metabolites of A. malaccensis leaves extract, such as 5-Hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavone and followed by epifriedelanol, are better than acarbose in terms of inhibiting α-glucosidase. Based on the results, agarwood's extract demonstrates anti-diabetic potential through the inhibition of α-amylase and exhibits a slightly superior efficacy in inhibiting α-glucosidase activity. This observation is substantiated by both in-laboratory and in-silico data
Isolation and molecular characterization of the ethylene receptor ETR1 from \u27Carabao\u27 mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit
No full textEffects of fungicide treatment on metabolite profiles of Aquilaria malaccensis
No full textAquilaria malaccensis is an agarwood-producing tree. Previous studies have shown that endophytic fungi may colonize A. malaccensis. Endophytes are known to be capable of altering plants' secondary metabolites, although the mechanism adopted by the plants remains unclear. This paper aimed to observe the differences in the metabolite profiles of A. malaccensis by eliminating the presence of endophytic fungi with fungicide. Three solvents i.e., ethanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform, were used for extracting the 2-year-old A. malaccensis. The extracts were examined by scanning with UV–Vis Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for the metabolites profile. The absorbances data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), followed by Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The results showed that groupings between control and fungicide-treated extract formed in the PLS-DA score plot. The important wavelength values for the separation were identified. Identification of compounds found inside the A. malaccensis plants based on the GC-MS results was conducted. Several compounds were specifically found in the control-treated extract of A. malaccensis plants. Respectively, the total phenolics and total flavonoids inside the A. malaccensis extract were calculated using Folin-Ciocalteu's and aluminum chloride tests. A decrease in phenolic and flavonoid content was observed mostly in the roots. These findings are fundamental to understanding endophytes' ability to alter the secondary metabolites produced in A. malaccensis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Adaptation of Latex Diagnosis Parameters Determination using Multiplate Reader and Freeze-Drying Conservation to Support Large-Scale Utilization in Rubber Plantations
Full text linkInternational audienceHighlights: . Latex diagnosis in Hevea brasiliensis latex can be performed using a multiplate reader with comparable results, lower time and chemicals consumptions and a larger number of sample handling compared to the standard single cuvette method.. For sucrose content determination, the combination of 10 µL samples, 30 µL of 2.5 % TCA and 210 µL anthrone reagent is recommended. The combination of 40 µL of sample, 85 µL of 2.5 % TCA and 125 µL FeSO4 solution is suitable for inorganic phosphorus content determination, while 100 µL samples, 5 µL DNTB and 100 µL Tris is suitable thiols content quantification.. Conserving latex serum through freeze-drying is able to maintain the inorganic phosphorus content. However, this treatment may lead to an increase in sucrose content and a decrease in the antioxidant content.. Freeze-drying may not be suitable for conserving serum samples in the latex diagnosis method.Abstract: The Latex Diagnosis (LD) is performed through the determination of dry rubber (DRC), sucrose (Suc), inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and thiol (RSH) contents. It is carried out through the colorimetric method using a single cuvette spectrophotometer, which is time-consuming and requires a high volume of chemicals. It also needs to be executed as soon as the samples are collected so that limits the adoption of LD. The adaptation of the protocol to a multiplate reader and suitable conservation aimed to overcome the limitations. The experiments were carried out at the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Palembang, and Research Center for Biotechnology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Various combinations of solution volumes, adapted from standard protocol, were tested. The closest slope of the standard curve to control was then applied to 7 randomly selected trees. The result showed that for Suc, the composition of 10 µL samples, 30 µL of 2.5 % TCA and 210 µL anthrone reagent was suitable for determination using a multiplate reader. The combination of 40 µL of sample, 85 µL of 2.5 % TCA and 125 µL mL FeSO4 solution was suitable for Pi determination, while 100 µL samples, 5 µL DNTB and 100 µL Tris is recommended for RSH. The measurement using a multiplate reader resulted in comparable contents (average deviations were 1.83, 2.69 and 3.51 % for Suc, Pi, and RSH, respectively), lower time and chemicals consumptions, and a larger number of sample handling compared to single cuvette method. This study also tested the effect of freeze-drying for sample conservation. The result indicated that freeze-drying was able to maintain the Pi level (deviation 0.93 %). However, it increased Suc (deviation 19.43 %) and decreased ascorbate (AsA) significantly (deviation 43.60 %); therefore, freeze-drying might not be suitable for conserving serum samples in the LD method
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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