3,887 research outputs found
ISLAM DAN NEGARA: STUDI KOMPARASI TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN MOHAMMAD NATSIR DAN NURCHOLIS MADJID
Get PDFSkripsi ini berjudul “Islam dan Negara: Studi Komparasi Terhadap Pemikiran Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid”. Masalah utama yang dikaji dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana pemikiran Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid tentang hubungan antara Islam dengan politik negara. Masalah utama tersebut kemudian dibagi menjadi 3 pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana latar belakang kehidupan Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid? 2) Bagaimana pemikiran Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid tentang hubungan Islam dengan politik Negara? 3) Bagaimana pengaruh dan perkembangan pemikiran Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid tentang hubungan antara Islam dengan politik Negara?Skripsi ini menggunakan metode historis karena permasalahan yang dikaji merupakan permasalahan sejarah (masa lampau). Penggunaan metode ini sangat penting dalam mendeskripsikan peristiwa di masa lampau yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran pada masa kini. Adapun langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam metode ini adalah heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan penulisan sejarah (historiografi). Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan teknik studi literatur sebagai suatu teknik yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang bersifat teoritis dengan mempelajari berbagai literatur yang relevan dengan masalah yang dikaji, sehingga diperoleh data yang dibutuhkan dalam penulisan skripsi ini.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesamaan latar belakang pendidikan Mohammad Natsir dan Nurcholis Madjid yang pernah menempuh pendidikan madrasah (pesantren) dan pendidikan umum (Barat) memberikan pengaruh terhadap kerangka berpikir mereka dalam menafsirkan doktrin Islam ke dalam kehidupan nyata. Keduanya sama-sama menafsirkan doktrin Islam secara elastis dan fleksibel tetapi pendekatan keduanya dalam menafsirkan doktrin Islam dalam kehidupan praktis mempunyai kecenderungan yang berbeda. Keduanya mencoba memberikan jawaban tentang formula yang menyangkut hubungan Islam dengan politik negara yang relevan pada zamannya.Pemikiran Natsir yang bercorak legalistik-formalistik tidak terlepas dari keyakinannya dalam memandang Islam sebagai ideologi. Konsekuensinya, Natsir menganggap negara berdasarkan Islam menjadi penting adanya untuk menjamin terealisasinya hukum-hukum Islam. Sementara itu dari titik tolak pemikirannya tentang sekulerisasi, Nurcholis Madjid berkeyakinan bahwa Islam sebagai sumber etika sehingga pemikirannya bercorak substansialistik. Nurcholis memandang Negara Islam dalam arti formalistik tidak pernah ada dalam sunnah Nabi sehingga tidak ada kewajiban bagi umat Islam untuk memperjuangkannya. Kendati demikian, keduanya memandang positif nasionalisme, demokrasi, dan musyawarah sebagai unsur penting dalam sistem kenegaraan versinya masing-masing. Dalam memandang Pancasila, pandangan Natsir mengalami pergeseran. Pada awal kemerdekaan ia menerima dasar negara Pancasila, kemudian pada sidang Konstituante (1957) Natsir menolak Pancasila yang dinilainya netral dan sekuler. Natsir juga menolak dengan tegas ketika pemerintahan Ode Baru memberlakukan Pancasila sebagai asas tunggal. Nurcholis cenderung memandang Pancasila secara konsisten sebagai dasar negara. Nurcholis mengkomparasikan Pancasila dengan Piagam Madinah sehingga ia tidak merasa khawatir ketika pemerintahan Orde Baru memberlakukan Pancasila sebagai asas tunggal. Natsir memandang Partai Islam (Masyumi) sebagai alat dan mesin politik untuk mewujudkan negara berlandaskan Islam. Sementara itu, pandangan Nurcholis tentang partai Islam tertuang dalam slogannya yang terkenal “Islam Yes, Partai Islam No”.Pengaruh dan kesinambungan pemikiran Natsir terlihat di lingkungan Masyumi (diperintahkan bubar tahun 1960), Dewan Da’wah Islamiyah Indonesia (DDII) dan Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB) dengan tokohnya Yusril Ihza Mahendra. Sementara itu, pengaruh pemikiran Nurcholis terlihat di lingkungan Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam (HMI), Yayasan paramadina dan generasi pewarisnya. Dikaitkan dengan pemikiran legalistik-formalistik dan substansialistik, maka kedua pemikiran ini akan senantiasa saling bersaing baik di masa sekarang maupun yang akan datang
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
'Fatherless' of Mohammad Mosavat: The cultural event of the Iranian spring
No full textThe following is a psychoanalytic commentary about a play recently performed in Tehran (Iran) followed by an interview with its author, Mohammad Mosavat. The co-signatories both attended a performance of this play. Invited by Shahid Behesti, Alzahra, and Shiraz Universities for many public lectures and supervisions, the French psychoanalyst Jean-Luc Vannier signs the commentary while the interview and the translation were conducted by the Iranian psychoanalyst in training at the Freudian Group of Tehran, Mahyar Ali Naghi
IMPLEMENTASI PEMIKIRAN NURCHOLIS MASJDID BAGI KADER HMI CABANG PALEMBANG
No full textThis research is a field research that focuses on examining the implementation of Nurcholis Madjid's thoughts for HMI Palembang Branch using a qualitative descriptive method with an inductive paradigm. These methods and paradigms were chosen on the basis of consideration of the analysis of research problems that require some information from below based on the principles of qualitative research. Historical, sociological, and phenomenological approaches are the choices so that the research objectives can be achieved properly. The research data consisted of primary and secondary data. The results showed that in the Palembang branch of the HMI Cadre, Cak Nur often talked about the need to bring HMI closer to the people, the need to find leaders who really understand Islamic teachings, because HMI can easily fall into secularism, lose direction; and with the failure of the leader will facilitate the occurrence of divisions within the ummah. By maintaining rationalization without westernization, Cak Nur achieved the leadership of HMI which was enthusiastically supported by the mainstream of the reformers, while the traditionalists named him 'Mohammad Natsir Muda'. So that with the influence of Cak Nur's thoughts on rational attitudes in welcoming progress for the Palembang branch HMI cadres, and preventing all possible influences and dangers of liberalism, as well as making efforts to make the Palembang branch HMI more popular through social activities.
 
RoMEO Studies 4: An analysis of Journal publishers' Copyright Agreements
Get PDFThis article is the fourth in a series of six emanating from the UK JISC-funded RoMEO Project (Rights Metadata for Open archiving). It describes an analysis of 80 scholarly journal publishers’ copyright agreements with a particular view to their effect on author self-archiving. 90% of agreements asked for copyright transfer and 69% asked for it prior to refereeing the paper. 75% asked authors to warrant that their work had not been previously published although only two explicitly stated that they viewed self-archiving as prior publication. 28.5% of agreements provided authors with no usage rights over their own paper. Although 42.5% allowed self-archiving in some format, there was no consensus on the conditions under which self-archiving could take place. The article concludes that author-publisher copyright agreements should be reconsidered by a working party representing the needs of both partie
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STRES KERJA PADA PEKERJA DIVISI BUSINESS SOLUTION, SUPPORT DAN SERVICE DELIVERY PT ADMINISTRASI MEDIKA JAKARTA
No full textStres kerja merupakan gangguan fisik dan emosional sebagai akibat ketidaksesuaian antara kapabilitas, sumber daya atau kebutuhan pekerja yang berasal dari lingkungan pekerjaan. Stress kerja memiliki dampak yang beragam yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan pekerja maupun performa perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, Peneliti melakukan penelitian faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan stress kerja pada pekerja Divisi Business Solution, Support, & Service Delivery di AdMedika Jakarta tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 31 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat 23 (74,2 %) dari 31 pekerja yang mengalami gejala stress. Meskipun jumlah pekerja relatif cukup tinggi, namun faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi stres kerja tersebut secara statistik terbukti tidak signifikan berhubungan, hanya variabel konflik interpersonal (p value = 0,003), variasi kerja (p value = 0,002) dan tanggung jawab terhadap pekerja lain (p value 0,015) pada faktor pekerjaan yang memiliki hubungan dengan stres kerja. Peneliti menyarankan agar dilakukannya langkah pengendalian bagi perusahaan yaitu mendesain ulang alokasi pekerjaan untuk menyesuaikan kemampuan pekerja dengan variasi pekerjaan dan tanggung jawab kepada pihak lain. Selain itu, mendelegasikan tanggung jawab kepada pekerja lain yang memiliki variasi pekerjaan dan tanggung jawab yang lebih rendah dengan tetap menjadikan kapabilitas masing-masing pekerja sebagai referensi serta melakukan komunikasi yang efektif.  Kata Kunci: Stress kerja, Pekerja, Ad Medik
- …
