15 research outputs found
Energy Dispersive X-ray Reflectivity Applied To The Study Of Thermal Stability Of Self-assembled Organic Multilayers: Results On Phosphonic Acids
No full textThe temperature evolution of self-assembled phosphonic acid multilayers was investigated by energy dispersive X-ray reflectivity and angular-resolved reflectivity. Energy dispersive measurements were performed in an experimental setup specially designed for the X-ray fluorescence beamline of the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory. It allows the precise monitoring of phase transitions observed in organic thin film and multilayer systems. The studied multilayers - obtained from dip coating of a solution of octadecylphosphonic acid - present different bilayer periodicities of 50 (straight bilayer) and 34 (tilted bilayer). Energy dispersive and angular-resolved data evidence re-organization of the lamellar ordering of octadecylphosphonic acid multilayers as a function of temperature. The energy dispersive technique presents many advantages over conventional methods such as short acquisition time, possibility to vary external parameters and high flux, making it suitable for light scatterers as polymers and other organic molecules. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.16123-2425212525Klauk, H., (2010) Chem. Soc. Rev., 39, pp. 2643-2666Zschieschang, U., Ante, F., Schlörholz, M., Schmidt, M., Kern, K., Klauk, H., (2010) Adv. Mater., 22, pp. 4489-4493Rivest, J.B., Swisher, S.L., Fong, L.K., Zheng, H.I., Alivisatos, A.P., (2011) ACS Nano, 5, pp. 3811-3816Als-Nielsen, J., MacMorrow, D., (2001) Elements of Modern X-ray Physics, , Wiley ChichesterPietsch, U., Holy, V., Baumbach, T., (2004) High-Resolution X-ray Scattering: From Thin Films to Lateral Nanostructures, , Springer-Verlag New YorkMatsushita, T., Niwa, Y., Inada, Y., Nomura, M., Ishii, M., Sakurai, K., Arakawa, E., (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, pp. 0241031-0241033Mukherjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Sanyal, M.K., Geue, Th., Grenzer, J., Pietsch, U., (2002) Phys. Rev. e, 66. , 061801-161801-1Bhattacharya, M., Mukherjee, M., Sanyal, M.K., (2003) J. Appl. Phys., 94, pp. 2882-2887Bodenthin, Y., Grenzer, J., Lauter, R., Pietch, U., Lehmann, P., Kurth, D.G., Möhwald, H., (2002) J. Synchrotron Radiat., 9, pp. 206-209Swalen, J.D., Allara, D.L., Andrade, J.D., Chandross, E.A., Garoff, S., Israelachvili, J., McCarthy, T.J., Yu, H., (1987) Langmuir, 3, pp. 932-950Sofos, M., Goldberger, J., Stone, D.A., Allen, J.E., Ma, Q., Wei-Wen Tsai, D.J.H., Lauhon, L.J., Stupp, S.I., (2009) Nat. Mater., 8, pp. 68-75Riepl, M., Mirskya, V.M., Novotnyb, I., Tvarozekb, V., Rehacekb, V., Wolfbeis, O.S., (1999) Anal. Chim. Acta, 392, pp. 77-84Mende, L.S., Fechtenkötter, A., Müllen, K., Moons, E., Friend, R.H., MacKenzie, J.D., (2001) Science, 293, pp. 1119-1122Aizenberg, J., Black, A.J., Whitesides, G.M., (1998) Nature, 394, pp. 868-871Chitre, K., Yang, Q., Salami, T.O., Oliver, S.R., Cho, J., (2005) J. Eletron. Mater., 34, pp. 528-533Sinapi, F., Julien, S., Auguste, D., Hevesi, L., Delhalle, J., Mekhalif, Z., (2008) Electrochim. Acta, 53, pp. 4228-4238Nie, H.-Y., Walzak, M.J., McIntyre, N.S., (2006) J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, pp. 21101-21108McClain, R.L., Breen, J.J., (2001) Lnagmuir, 17, pp. 5121-5124Rui, S.W., Viswanathan, R., Zasadzinski, J.A., Israelachvili, J.N., (1995) Biophys. J., 68, pp. 171-178Fontes, G.N., Malachias, A., Paniago, R.M., Neves, B.R.A., (2003) Langmuir, 19, pp. 3345-3349Nie, H.-Y., Walzak, M.J., McIntyre, N.S., (2002) Langmuir, 18, pp. 2955-295
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No full textThis project was undertaken to fulfill the requirements for the Master of Landscape Architecture degree at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. The author became involved with the project in early 1985 through collaboration with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management (DEM) and the Boston Redevelopment Authority (B.R.A.). The focus is on the East Boston waterfront redevelopment, a long-standing initiative aimed at urban design improvements in a key metropolitan area. Guided by Harry Dodson, a distinguished landscape architect with national design awards, the project involved attending interdisciplinary meetings and reviewing extensive planning materials. The goal was to prepare a schematic Master Plan within a three-month timeframe, aligning with academic deadlines and emphasizing coordinated efforts among D.E.M., B.R.A., and consulting partners. This work provided valuable practical experience in urban landscape planning within a complex institutional framework
Magnetic reconfiguration of MnAs∕GaAs(001) observed by magnetic force microscopy and resonant soft x-ray scattering
No full textWe investigated the thermal evolution of the magnetic properties of MnAs epitaxial films grown on GaAs(001) during the coexistence of hexagonal/orthorhombic phases using polarized resonant (magnetic) soft x-ray scattering and magnetic force microscopy. The results of the diffuse satellite x-ray peaks were compared to those obtained by magnetic force microscopy and suggest a reorientation of ferromagnetic terraces as temperature rises. By measuring hysteresis loops at these peaks we show that this reorientation is common to all ferromagnetic terraces. The reorientation is explained by a simple model based on the shape anisotropy energy. Demagnetizing factors were calculated for different configurations suggested by the magnetic images. We noted that the magnetic moments flip from an in-plane monodomain orientation at lower temperatures to a three-domain out-of-plane configuration at higher temperatures. The transition was observed when the ferromagnetic stripe width L is equal to 2.9 times the film thickness d. This is in good agreement with the expected theoretical value of L=2.6d. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.1008Wolf, S.A., Awschalom, D.D., Buhrman, R.A., Daughton, J.M., Von Molnas, S., Roukes, M.L., Chtchelkanova, A.Y., Treger, D.M., (1994) Science, 294, p. 1488Ramsteiner, M., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 081304Schippan, F., Trampert, A., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (1999) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 17, p. 1716Ploog, K.H., (2002) J. Appl. Phys., 91, p. 7256Bean, C.P., Rodbell, D.S., (1962) Phys. Rev., 126, p. 104Kastner, M., Herrmann, C., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2002) J. Appl. Phys., 92, p. 5711Kaganer, V.M., Jenichen, B., Schippan, F., Braun, W., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 045305Kaganer, V.M., Jenichen, B., Schippan, F., Braun, W., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, p. 341Jenichen, B., Kaganer, V.M., Herrmann, C., Wan, L., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2004) Z. Kristallogr., 219, p. 201Plake, T., Hesjedal, T., Mohanty, J., Kastner, M., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett., 82, p. 2308Ney, A., Hesjedal, T., Pampuch, C., Mohanty, J., Das, A.K., Däweritz, L., Koch, R., Ploog, K.H., (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, p. 2850Engel-Herbert, R., Mohanty, J., Ney, A., Hesjedal, T., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett., 84, p. 1132Jenichen, B., Kaganer, V.M., Kastner, M., Herrmann, C., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., Darowski, N., Zizak, I., (2003) Phys. Rev. B, 68, p. 132301Lindner, J., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 277, p. 159Tonnerre, J.-M., Seve, L., Raoux, D., Soullie, G., Rodmacq, B., Wolfers, P., (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, p. 740Trade Mark, Digital InstrumentsBabcock, K., Elings, V., Dugas, M., Loper, S., (1994) IEEE Trans. Magn., 30, p. 4503Sarid, D., (1991) Scanning Force Microscopy with Applications to Electric, Magnetic and Atomic Forces, , Oxford University Press, New YorkHoly, V., (2001) Phys. Rev. B, 63, p. 205318Magalhaes-Paniago, R., Coelho, L.N., Neves, B.R.A., Westfahl, H., Iikawa, F., Däweritz, L., Spezzani, C., Sacchi, M., (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, p. 053112Lee, D.R., Sinha, S.K., Nelson, C.S., Lang, J.C., Venkataraman, C.T., Srajer, G., Osgood Iii, R.M., (2003) Phys. Rev. B, 68, p. 224409. , 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224409Lee, D.R., Sinha, S.K., Nelson, C.S., Lang, J.C., Venkataraman, C.T., Srajer, G., Osgood Iii, R.M., (2003) Phys. Rev. B, 68, p. 224410Schippan, F., Behme, G., Däweritz, L., Ploog, K.H., Dennis, B., Neumann, K.-U., Ziebeck, K.R.A., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 88, p. 2766Fernandes, R.M., Westfahl Jr., H., Magalhães-Paniago, R., Coelho, L.N., J. Magn. Magn. Mater.Engel-Herbert, R., Hesjedal, T., Mohanty, J., Schaadt, D.M., Ploog, K.H., (2006) Phys. Rev. B, 73, p. 104441Stoner, E.C., Wohlfarth, E.P., (1948) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 240, p. 599. , 0962-8428Stoner, E.C., Wohlfarth, E.P., (1991) IEEE Trans. Magn., 27, p. 3475Aharoni, A., (1998) Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism, , Claredon, Oxfor
Influence of Doping Concentration on the Etching Rate of GaAs Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy
No full textSliding wear of a-C:H coatings against alumina in corrosive media
No full textThis paper reports the results obtained from the study of friction and sliding wear in two corrosive solutions of an a-C:H coating deposited on 316L stainless against an alumina ball, employed as static counter part. Calculations of the values of the von Mises stresses developed at the coating–substrate interface, as soon as the ball touches the coated sample, and how this state of stress influences the response of the coated system under the corrosion environment, are presented and discussed. The results obtained from these calculations, as well as from the experiments conducted in the present research, are compared with other experiments published in the literature, where a-C:H coatings deposited on different substrates and with different coating architectures were tested in similar corrosive media. It has been determined that in those systems, where the von Mises stress in the coating, found in the vicinity of the interface, exceeds the threshold value of approximately 370MPa, coating failure with spallation will take place, regardless of the substrate nature on which this coating has been deposited. From this analysis it has been concluded that the coating yield strength is of utmost importance in conferring the a-C:H coated system there quired stability in a corrosive solution
Resonant X-ray Scattering From Self-assembled Inpgaas (001) Islands: Understanding The Chemical Structure Of Quaternary Quantum Dots
No full textLattice parameter profiles and the chemical structure of InP self-assembled islands grown on GaAs(001) were determined with x-ray resonant scattering. By accessing four different photon energies, near x-ray absorption edges of two of the atomic species present on the samples, composition maps of all four atomic constituents of these islands were obtained. This experiment was performed for samples grown at two different temperatures and the effect of temperature was associated to Ga-interdiffusion and strain relief in the dots. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.922Klimov, V.I., Mikhailovsky, A.A., Xu, S., Malko, A., Hollingsworth, J.A., Leatherdale, C.A., Eisler, H.-J., Imamoglu, A., (2000) Science, 290, p. 314. , See, e. g., SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.290.5490.314, ();, Science SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1109815 308, 1158 (2005)Cullis, A.G., Norris, D.J., Walther, T., Migliorato, M.A., Hopkinson, M., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 081305. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.081305Kegel, I., Metzger, T.H., Fratzl, P., Peisl, J., Lorke, A., Garcia, J.M., Petroff, P.M., (1999) Europhys. Lett., 45, p. 222. , EULEEJ 0295-5075 10.1209/epl/i1999-00150-yGray, J.L., Singh, N., Elzey, D.M., Hull, R., Floro, J.A., (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, p. 135504. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.135504Medeiros-Ribeiro, G., Williams, R.S., (2007) Nano Lett., 7, p. 223. , NALEFD 1530-6984 10.1021/nl062530kMalachias, A., Magalhães-Paniago, R., Neves, B.R.A., Rodrigues, W.N., Moreira, M.V.B., Pfannes, H.-D., De Oliveira, A.G., Metzger, T.H., (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, p. 4342. , APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1427421Magalhães-Paniago, R., Medeiros-Ribeiro, G., Malachias, A., Kycia, S., Kamins, T.I., Stan Williams, R., Schülli, T.U., Bauer, G., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 245312. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.245312, ();, Phys. Rev. Lett. PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.066105 90, 066105 (2003)Tchernycheva, M., Cirlin, G.E., Patriarche, G., Travers, L., Zwiller, V., Perinetti, U., Harmand, J.-C., (2007) Nano Lett., 7, p. 1500. , NALEFD 1530-6984, (Liu, N., Tersoff, J., Baklenov, O., Holmes Jr., A.L., Shih, C.K., (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett., 84, p. 334. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.334Ribeiro, E., Maltez, R.L., Carvalho Jr., W., Ugarte, D., Medeiros-Ribeiro, G., (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, p. 2953. , APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.151321
AFM characterization of PbTe quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy under Volmer–Weber mode
No full textThe design and manufacture of a low cost, six axis, industrial robot
No full textThe aim of the work presented in this thesis is to investigate the
feasibility of producing a low cost, 6 axis, Industrial Robot.
The formulation of a design specification based on market trends is
shown, and used as a starting point for formal design analysis.
A robot conceptual design based on two, series coupled, triangular link
mechanisms was devised, following a detailed analysis of various
kinematic mechanisms. The purpose of the mechanisms analysis was to
find a low cost, inherently stiff, means of driving the robot main axes;
in
particular, the shoulder and elbow joints.
By adopting the novel concept of a hand and wrist mechanism, a "true
3 axes" wrist was devised. A unique feature of this is that the roll,
pitch and yaw axes form an orthogonal set with the origin at the wrist
point.
Although emphasis is placed on the robot mechanical design, a Servo
amplifier system, suitable for driving all 6 axes of the robot is
presented, and recommendations for a position control system are
given.
Finally, costs relating to the robot mechanical system, Servo amplifier
system and Position control system were investigated. The variation in
cost with robot volume is shown for each of the 3
systems. This
indicates that a
manufacturing cost of E9000 per robot can be achieved
providing at least 150 robots are produced.
The following papers have been published by the author in connection
with this work:
(i) The Development and Design of a Low Cost Assembly Robot,
Proceedings of the 7th B.R.A. Annual Conference, May 1984.
pp 171-182.
(ii) Overview of Robotic Manufacture Worldwide, Seminar
"Exploiting robot in arc welding fabrication", The Welding
Institute, Cambridge, Nov. 1984. pp 1-
Electrostatic Charging Of Dielectrics: New Approaches To Solve Persisting Problems [eletrização De Dielétricos: Novas Propostas Para Resolver Velhos Problemas]
No full textElectrostatic phenomena were discovered long ago but their interpretation according to well-established atomic-molecular theory is still lacking. As a result, electrostatic phenomena are often irreproducible and uncontrolled, causing serious practical problems. Highly reproducible recent experimental results on electrostatic charging from this and other laboratories are reviewed in this work, together with a description of the relevant but not so usual Kelvin probe and Faraday cup techniques. These results support a new model for electrostatic charging of dielectrics and insulated metals, based on the role of moist atmosphere as a charge reservoir.331021032107Maxwell, J.C., (1892) A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 1. , 3rd ed., Dover: New YorkCrowley, J.M., (1999) Fundamentals of Applied Electrostatics, , Laplacian Press: Morgan HillGerhard-Mulhaupt, R., Joseph, M.C., (1999) Electrets, , 3rd ed., Laplacian Press: Morgan HillLungu, M., (2004) Miner. 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