1,720,966 research outputs found
Twitter for health - Building a social media search engine to better understand and curate laypersons’ personal experiences
No full textHealthcare professionals, trainees, and laypersons increasingly use social media over the Internet. As a result, the value of such platforms as a vital source of health information is widely acknowledged. These technologies bring a new dimension to health care by offering a communication medium for patients and professionals to interact, share, and survey information as well as support each other emotionally during an illness. Such active online discussions may also help in realizing the collective goal of improving healthcare outcomes and policies. However, in spite of the advantages of using social media as a vital communication medium for those seeking health information and for those studying social trends based on patient blog postings, this new medium of digital communication has its limitations too. Namely, the current inability to access and curate relevant information in the ever-increasing gamut of messages. In this chapter, we are seeking to understand and curate laypersons’ personal experiences on Twitter. To do so, we propose some solutions to improve search, summarization, and visualization capabilities for Twitter (or social media in general), in both real time and retrospectively. In essence, we provide a basic recipe for building a search engine for social media and then make it increasingly more intelligent through smarter processing and personalization of search queries, tweet messages, and search results. In addition, we address the summarization aspect by visualizing topical clusters in tweets and further classifying the retrieval results into topical categories that serve professionals in their work. Finally, we discuss information curation by automating the classification of the information sources as well as combining, comparing, and correlating tweets with other sources of health information. In discussing all these important features of social media search engines, we present systems, which we ourselves have developed that help to identify useful information in social media.</p
Chapter 8 Voice-enabled assistive robots for handling autism spectrum conditions
No full textAutism spectrum conditions (ASC) are neurodevelopmental conditions, characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication (i.e., verbal and non-verbal language), and by restricted interests and repetitive behaviour. The application of robots as a therapy tool has, however, shown promising results, namely because of the robot’s ability to improve social engagement by eliciting appropriate social behaviour in children with ASC. Robots can also help clinicians in the diagnosis of ASC, by providing objective measurements of atypical behaviours that are collected during spontaneous interactions between autistic children and automata. In this chapter, we provide a review of real-life examples of voice-enabled assistive robots in the context of ASC, examining the critical role prosody plays in compensating for the lack of robust speech recognition in the population of children with ASC. This is followed by a critical analysis of some of the limitations of speech technology in the use of socially assistive robotics for young persons suffering from ASC
Speech and Automata in Health Care
No full textspeech processing; speech automata; assistive robots; robot companions; human-robot interactio
Argumentation-based dialogue systems for medical training
No full textDialogue and argumentation have been applied to the field of Artificial Intelligence in the medical domain. arguEIRA (Grando et al., Argumentationlogic for explaining anomalous patient responses to treatments, 13th conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME 11). Springer, 35–44, 2011) is a system based on the ASPIC argumentation engine and is able to detect anomalous patient responses using flexible reasoning processes and logical argumentation. This paper introduces an extended arguEIRA with an argumentation-based dialogue system inspired by the system proposed by Parsons et al. (J Log Comput 13:347–376, 2003) and based on a variant of Dung’s calculus (Dung, Artif Intell 77:321– 357, 1995). The aim is to achieve systems for medical training that provide human-like mechanisms for computer–clinician interaction, potentially enhancing the acceptance of the system’s explanations while changing the clinician’s behavior. Furthermore, we aim to provide clinicians with simple mechanisms to discover through the training process if the knowledge base used by the explanation system should be updated or corrected, potentially changing the training system’s behavior
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Advances in ubiquitous computing: cyber-physical systems, smart cities and ecological monitoring
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