105,079 research outputs found
Feldman, Harry A. -- 1950 -- Correspondence, Toxoplasmosis -- letter, 1950-07-29
No full textLetter from Neidhardt, H. W. to Sabin, Albert B. dated 1950-07-29.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
First proof of concept of remote attendance for future observation strategies between Wettzell (Germany) and Concepción (Chile)
No full textCurrent VLBI observations are controlled and attended locally at the radio telescopes on the basis of pre-scheduled session files. Operations have to deal with system specific station commands and individual setup procedures. Neither the scheduler nor the correlator nor the data-analyst gets real-time feedback about system parameters during a session. Changes in schedules after the start of a session by remote are impossible or at least quite difficult. For future scientific approaches, a more flexible mechanism would optimize the usage of resources at the sites. Therefore shared-observation control between world-wide telescope s, remote attendance/control as well as completely unattended-observations could be useful, in addition to the classic way to run VLBI observations. To reach these goals, the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell in cooperation with the Max-Planck-Institute for Radio Astronomy (Bonn) have developed a software extension to the existing NASA Field System for remote control. It uses the principle of a remotely accessible, autonomous process cell as server extension to the Field System on the basis of Remote Procedure Calls (RPC). Based on this technology the first completely remote attended and controlled geodetic VLBI session between Wettzell, Germany and Concepción, Chile was successfully performed over 24 hours. This first test was extremely valuable for gathering information about the differences between VLBI systems and measuring the performance of internet connections and automatic connection re-establishments. During the 24h-session, the network load, the number of sent/received packages and the transfer speed were monitor ed and captured. It was a first reliable test for the future wishes to control several telescopes with one graphical user interface on different data transfer rates over large distances in an efficient way. In addition, future developments for an authentication and user role management will be realized within the upcoming NEXPReS project
Spatiotemporal simulation of nickel oxide and carbon phases formation in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
No full textThe formation of secondary phases in the porous electrodes is a severe mechanism affecting the
lifetime of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). It can occur via various chemical mechanisms and it has a
significant influence on cell performance due to pore clogging and deactivation of active surfaces and
triple-phase boundary (TPB). We present a modeling and simulation study of nickel oxide formation
(reoxidation) and carbon formation (coking) within the SOFC anode.
We use a 2D continuum model based on a multi-phase framework [Neidhardt et al., J. Electrochem.
Soc., 159, 9 (2012)] that allows the introduction of arbitrary solid phases (here: Ni, YSZ, NiO,
Carbon) plus gas phase. Reactions between the bulk phases are modeled via interface-adsorbed species
and are described by an elementary kinetic approach. Published experimental data are used for
parameterization and validation. Simulations allow the prediction of cell performance under critical
operation conditions, like (i) a non-fuel operation test, where NiO formation is taking place (Figure
1a), or (ii) an open circuit voltage (OCV) stability test under hydrocarbon atmosphere, where solid
carbon is formed (Figure 1b). Results are applied for enhanced interpretation of experimental data and
for prediction of safe operation conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
Soziologie als Beruf in der Universität: autobiographische Notizen
No full textDaheim H. Soziologie als Beruf in der Universität: autobiographische Notizen. In: Bolte KM, Neidhardt F, eds. Soziologie als Beruf: Erinnerungen westdeutscher Hochschulprofessoren der Nachkriegsgeneration. Soziale Welt: Sonderband, 11. Baden-Baden: Nomos-Verl.-Gesellschaft; 1998: 315-329.In einer autobiographischen Skizze versucht der Autor, seine Arbeitserfahrungen und das Konzept der Soziologie darzustellen, wie es sich im Laufe der Jahre in der Verschränkung von Karrierestufen und Themen herausgebildet hat. Für zukunftsträchtig hält er folgendes Verständnis der Soziologie: auf gesellschaftspolitische Probleme gerichtet, im Rahmen einer historisch fundierten Zeitdiagnostik an einer Gesellschaftstheorie orientiert, im Austausch mit sog. 'Praktikern' und nicht zuletzt, auf der Höhe der theoretischen und methodischen Entwicklungen in den Sozialwissenschaften betrieben, was eine gewisses Maß an interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit verlangt. Theoretisch stehen die Kategorien 'Situation' und 'Erwartung' im Mittelpunkt. Das Konzept 'Orientierung' schlägt im parsonsschen Sinne ein Brücke zum Persönlichkeitssystem, ohne dabei auf das Gebiet der Sozialpsychologie zu geraten. (pre
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