324 research outputs found
Remote laboratory trends for Distance Vocational Education and Training (D-VET): A real-time lighting application
No full textThis research presents a web-based lighting laboratory infrastructure that allows students to access and control application tools in lighting technology education through online real-time equipment. Designed for Distance Vocational Training and Education, this system uses the LabVIEW Virtual Instrumentation Program to control lighting levels. In this program, the interface developed allows students to control and monitor applications online using cameras, sensors, and controllers. In the modeled system, the lighting levels of LED lamps are controlled through PID controllers. Furthermore, a web page was designed that provides synchronized (simultaneous) access to application instrumentation for the students. Each user can run applications in a specific period through this website. Students can also monitor the lighting level of the laboratory in real-time with a webcam. Individual storage of the data obtained in the model also supports conducting necessary analyses. Students can strengthen their theoretical knowledge by running lighting technique experiment applications with real equipment in the Distance Vocational Training and Education. In the evaluation part of the research, the answers are given by the students (95%) also stated that they increased the theoretical knowledge of doing remote experiments. In total 98.5% of students believe that the ability to repeat experiments anywhere in this system will accelerate the learning process
Drying properties, color characteristics, microstructure, and modeling of ginger cubes dried using electrohydrodynamic, electrohydrodynamic-hot air, and hot air methods
No full textThis study investigates the drying of ginger cubes using three different techniques: electrohydrodynamic drying, electrohydrodynamic-hot air drying, and hot air drying. The main objective is to assess how these drying methods affect drying times, effective diffusion coefficients, color, and microstructure. Additionally, the study includes fitting ten different thin-layer models to the experimental data for mathematical analysis. It was observed that increasing temperature and voltage values led to a reduction in the drying times of the ginger samples. After conducting statistical tests, it was determined that the Midilli et al. and Wang and Singh models were the most suitable for describing the experimental drying curves. Effective diffusion coefficient values increased with the rise in temperature and voltage values. The L* values of the dried ginger samples decreased due to temperature and voltage applications. Notably, ginger samples dried using the electrohydrodynamic method exhibited better preservation of their original appearance, particularly in terms of microstructure and starch particle integrity, compared to other drying methods. The findings of the study suggest that integrating electrohydrodynamic technology with hot air drying reduces overall drying time. This innovative approach shows promise for producing high-quality end products in the future
Investigation of potato drying kinetics and quality parameters applying ultrasound pre-treatment
No full textIn this study, the effect of ultrasound pre-treatment on quality parameters (colour, rehydration, pH and degrees Brix) of potato samples was investigated. In addition, the drying kinetics of the potato samples was evaluated and ten different thin-layer mathematical models were fitted to experimental data to select the best model for the drying processes. Two different slices of potato samples (2 and 4 mm) were ultrasound pre-treated for 0, 20 and 40 min before drying. Drying was carried out in a modified oven at 60 and 70 degrees C at an air velocity of 1 m/s. As the ultrasound pre-treatment time applied to the samples increased, the drying time of the product decreased. Drying rate decreased with increasing product slice thickness. When compared to fresh potatoes, a decrease in yellowing values (b*) was observed for the different drying conditions employed. Rehydration ratio values under all conditions ranged from 2.856 to 2.640. Potato samples with a thickness of 4 mm, dried at 60 degrees C without ultra-sound pre-treatment, presented the highest pH value. The potato samples of 2 mm thick-ness, dried at 70 degrees C and treated with ultrasound for 40 min, showed the content of water-soluble solids (degrees Brix) closest to the fresh product. The results showed that the pre-treatment by ultrasound can be used as an alternative method for drying potato with hot air
Drying of garlic slices by electrohydrodynamic‐hot air method
No full textIn this study, garlic slices were dried with a new drying method, electrohydrodynamic-hot air combined drying system, under different temperatures (55 and 60 degrees C) and voltages (15, 20, 25, and 30 kV), and the effects of drying conditions on drying time, color parameters, rehydration capacity, energy values, and microstructure were investigated. In addition, experimental data were fitted into 10 different mathematical models that are widely used to select the appropriate model that could describe the drying behavior of garlic slices. The longest drying time required for constant moisture content was observed under 30 kV-60 degrees C treatment for 100 min, while the shortest drying time was observed under 15 kV-55 degrees C treatment for 160 min. Verma et al., Diffusion Approach, and Newton models were determined so as to find the most suitable model for the drying behavior of thin-layer dried garlic samples at different temperatures and voltages. Increasing drying temperature caused a decrease in the a* and b* values of the garlic samples. The lowest energy consumption during the drying of the garlic slices was found at 30 kV-55 degrees C treatment combination. It was observed that the temperature and kV values have impact on the product microstructures. Practical Application Drying is the preservation process to extend the shelf life of products. The traditional method is the most used one in the drying industry. The low energy efficiency of this method and the loss of quality due to the high contact of the hot air with the product have led to the research of new methods. Therefore, the electrohydrodynamic method is used as a new approach that results in high energy efficiency and a high-quality product. As a result, integrating the electrohydrodynamic system into the hot air drying method will reduce the contact of the hot air with the product, thus prevents the negative effect of temperature and provides better quality products. In addition, this system can increase the drying efficiency and energy economy by reducing the drying time and energy consumption in drying procedure of garlic samples
Influence of ultrasound pre-treatment and convective drying on the quality parameters of carrots ( Daucus carota l.)
No full textIn this study, carrot samples with different slice thicknesses (2 and 4 mm) were dried by applying ultrasound pre-treatment at different time periods (0, 20 and 40 min) and the changes in colour, rehydration, pH and degrees Brix values were evaluated. Besides, microstructures of dried samples under different conditions were observed through scanning electron microscopy images. Drying was carried out in a modified oven at temperatures of 60 and 70 degrees C with an air velocity of 1 m/s. When compared to fresh potatoes, a decrease in yellowing values (b*) was observed for the different drying conditions employed. Carrots samples with a thickness of 2 mm, dried at 60 degrees C and treated with ultrasound for 40 min, presented the highest rehydration ratio (6.930). It was observed that pH and degrees Brix values changed from 6.705 to 6.120 and from 68.70 to 6.80, respectively. It was observed that the longer the duration of pre-treatment with ultra-sound, the greater the change in the structure of the product. The results showed that the pre-treatment by ultrasound can be used as an alternative method for drying carrot sample
Assessment of freeze, continuous, and intermittent infrared drying methods for sliced persimmon
No full textPersimmons contribute positively to human health. Although off-season utilization typically presents a challenge due to permissions' perishable nature, it may become feasible through the implementation of appropriate drying methods. In this study, round sliced samples were dried to assess drying kinetics, modeling potential, color attributes, rehydration capacity, energy consumption (EC), cost index, and thermal properties. The fruits were subjected to distinct drying methodologies including freeze-drying, continuous infrared drying (300, 400, and 500 W), and intermittent infrared drying (PR = 1 [continuous], PR = 2 [30 s on-30 s off], and PR = 3 [20 s on-40 s off]). The duration of the drying process ranged from 40 to 390 min. It was determined that the most suitable models for depicting continuous and infrared drying kinetics of persimmon fruit were the Midilli et al. and Page models, whereas the Logarithmic model was identified as the optimal choice for characterization of freeze-drying kinetics. Assessment of EC revealed that both intermittent and continuous infrared drying methods incurred lower energy expenditure in comparison to the freeze-drying technique. Remarkably, throughout the course of the infrared drying processes, product surface temperatures varied between 106.33 and 22.65 degrees C across different treatments. Despite its high EC, it has been found that high-quality products are produced by freeze-drying. However, infrared and intermittent infrared applications can be a low energy cost and feasible method for drying persimmon with a shorter duration.Practical ApplicationPersimmon is an important fruit with high nutritional value. However, as with many fresh products, they have a short shelf life. Within the scope of this research, three different drying methodologies were employed in the desiccation of persimmon specimens, and the impact of these methodologies on the overall qualitative attributes of the persimmon product was investigated. Despite its elevated energy consumption, the freeze-drying approach was found to yield high-quality products. Moreover, it was discerned that infrared drying represented a viable and expeditious alternative for drying the fruit, particularly when executed intermittently
Application of different drying techniques on peach puree
No full textIn this study, six various applications were performed to dry peach puree using methods of convective drying (CD), microwave drying (MW1, MW2 and MW3) and combined convective-pulsed microwave drying (CD+MW2 and CD+MW3). Effect of drying on time, color, pH, Brix and micrographs were evaluated. The data of total drying time revealed that the maximum value was belonged to "CD" (220 min). The minimum value was obtained by "MW1" (10 min). By comparison of total color change (.E), the highest values were achieved with "CD+MW3", whereas the lowest values were achieved with "MW2". Under all drying applications, the maximum pH and Brix changes were observed with "CD+MW2". From the microstructure, the samples to which the microwave method was applied displayed a collapsed structure as to the sample dried by the convective method
1500 Bitki Türü Tehdit Atında
No full textOndokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi (OMÜ) Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Biyoloji Bölümü Öğretim Üyesi Prof.Dr. Nazmi Polat, küresel ısınmanın doğal yaşamı tehdit ettiğini, böyle devam etmesi halinde de gelecek 10 yıl içinde 1500’e yakın bitki türünün tehdit altına gireceğini söyledi
Hastane aydınlatma ve güvenlik sisteminin incelenmesi
No full textBilindiği gibi hastane kurumları, toplumsal hizmet veren tüm diğer kurumlarda olduğu gibi, toplumun gelişim ve ihtiyaçlarına cevap verecek kapasitede olmalıdır. Diğer bir deyişle, hasta için gerekli çevre şartlarından biri olan görsel konfor koşullarının sağlanması, güvenlik sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışmada aydınlatma ve güvenlik sistemlerinin tüm hastane binalarındaki önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Birinci bölümde, bu çalışmanın içeriğindeki, hastane aydınlatması ve güvenlik sistemlerinin anlatımlarına giriş yapılarak, tezin amacı açıklanmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise, hastanelerin genel yapısı ve hastanelerin bölümleri ifade edilmiştir. Işığın ve diğer çevresel faktörlerin hasta üzerindeki etkileri ise, üçüncü bölümde ele alınarak, hastanelerin farklı bölümlerindeki aydınlatmanın nasıl sağlanacağı açıklanmıştır. Sırasıyla ışık kaynakları ve nitelikleri, aydınlatma sisteminin bileşenleri ve bunların dizayn imkanları ifade edilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde, hastanelerde güvenlik sistemlerinin can güvenliğinde büyük önem taşıdığı vurgulanmıştır. Tanı yada tedaviye yönelik sistemlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu elektriksel cihazlar yada sistemlerdir. Bu nedenle elektriksel emniyetin hastanenin emniyet nde çok önemli bir yer tuttuğu belirtilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, elektrik tesislerinde topraklama konusu geniş bir şekilde açıklanarak, hastanelerde uygulanışı üzerinde durulmuştur. Haziran, 2005 Zuhal Polat As known, Hospitals have to have a capacity that serves need and development of the society just like the other public facilities do. In other words, there should be advanced security system and visual comfort, which is necessary environmental condition for patients. Therefore, the importance of the illumination and security systems in hospitals in our country have been mentioned in this study. In the first part, the aim of this study has been explained by introducing to illumination and security systems of the hospitals. In the second part, general structure and departments of the hospitals have been given in detail. In the third section of this study, by considering the effects of the light and the other environmental factors how to supply illumination to the different section of the hospital has been explained. Light sources and their qualities, the components of illumination systems and their design possibilities have been given respectively. In the fourth section, It has been expressed that safety system are very important for life saving. Systems for diagnosis and treatment are mostly electrical devices or systems. Therefore, it has been indicated that electrical safety has a great importance in a safety programs of the hospitals. In addition to this subject, grounding in electrical facilities has been widely explained and applications of it have been discussed. June, 2005 Zuhal Pola
Changes in the Lake Ladik fish community (1972-2004) and ichthyofauna of its inlet and outlet streams (Samsun, Turkey)
No full textWOS: 000272499400003This research was conducted to record the fish species inhabiting Lake Ladik and its inlet and outlet streams between July 2003 and August 2004. Electrofishing equipment, fishing cast net, fisherman's dip net, and fishing nets with different scales were used to catch fish samples. As a result of evaluated samples caught from the research area, 12 species belonging to 4 families (Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Esocidae, and Percidae) were identified
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