42 research outputs found
Sistem USaha Tani Kakao Berbasis Bioindustri pada Sentra Pengembangan di Kabupaten Luwu Utara Sulawesi Selatan
No full textKakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan perkebunan yang berperan cukup penting dalam perekonomian nasional, sebagai penyedia lapangan kerja, sumber pendapatan petani dan devisa negara, dan pengembangan agroindustri. Tulisan ini membahas sistem USAha tani kakao berbasis bioindustri di Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan, sebagai USAha tani ramah lingkungan yang efisien, bernilai tambah, dan berdaya saing tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem ini melalui integrasi kakao-sapi dapat mendorong peningkatan produktivitas tanaman kakao dan pengembangan sapi melalui pemanfaatan limbah kakao sebagai sumber pakan ternak serta limbah ternak sebagai sumber pupuk organik dan energi. Penerapan model integrasi kakao-sapi dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani hingga 45,9%. Efisiensi USAha ternak sapi pada pola integrasi kakao-sapi terjadi melalui pemanfaatan kulit kakao dan tanaman pelindung (leguminosa) sebagai bahan pakan yang menghemat tenaga kerja dalam penyediaan pakan hingga 50%. Efisiensi pengelolaan kebun kakao terjadi melalui penghematan biaya penggunaan pupuk kandang yang mencapai 40%. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan bahwa USAha tani integrasi kakao-sapi jauh lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan nonintegrasi. Pola integrasi mampu memberikan keuntungan Rp13,03 juta/ha/2 ekor/tahun, sedangkan keuntungan pada pola nonintegrasi hanya Rp7,84 juta/ha/tahun. Pola integrasi memberikan nilai tambah Rp5,1 juta atau 66% dengan incremental benefit cost ratio (IBCR) 1,08. Sistem ini berpotensi untuk diimplementasikan di berbagai wilayah pengembangan kakao di Indonesia, sekaligus untuk mendukung program peningkatan populasi sapi
Sistem USaha Tani Kakao Berbasis Bioindustri pada Sentra Pengembangan di Kabupaten Luwu Utara Sulawesi Selatan
No full text<p>ABSTRACT<br />Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important estate crop commodity which plays a role in national economy for creating jobs, farmers income, stock-exchange sources, and agro-industry development. This article discusses cacao farming bioindustry in Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, as eco-friendly, efficient, value added, and competitive farming system. The main benefit is derived from plants as a source of livestock feed and increasing plant<br />production due to utilization of compost as fertilizer. While the benefit from livestock can be generated from livestock waste as organic fertilizer and a source of energy. Implementation of the model increased farming revenues by 45.9%. Cattle business efficiency can be obtained from utilization of cocoa pods and legume forage as feed sources which save labor allocation up to 50%. Cocoa farming efficiency that is obtained through the use of manure as organic fertilizer reached 40%. Financial analysis showed that integrated cocoa and livestock was more profitable than non-integrated model. Within one year, the integration pattern provided profits of Rp13.03 million/ha/2 cattle, whereas nonintegration pattern only provided net profit of 7.84 million/ha/year. Thus the integration pattern gave added value of Rp5.1 million or 66% with an incremental benefit cost ratio (IBCR) of 1.08. The system is potential to be developed in other cocoa development areas in Indonesia, as well as to support the increasing cow population program.<br />Keywords: Bioindustries, farming system, integration, cocoa, cow livestock<br /><br /></p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan perkebunan yang berperan cukup penting dalam perekonomian nasional, sebagai penyedia lapangan kerja, sumber pendapatan petani dan devisa negara, dan pengembangan agroindustri. Tulisan ini membahas sistem usaha tani kakao berbasis bioindustri di Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan, sebagai usaha tani ramah lingkungan yang efisien, bernilai tambah, dan berdaya saing tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem ini melalui integrasi kakao-sapi dapat mendorong peningkatan produktivitas tanaman kakao dan pengembangan sapi melalui pemanfaatan limbah kakao sebagai sumber pakan ternak serta limbah ternak sebagai sumber pupuk organik dan energi. Penerapan model integrasi kakao-sapi dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani hingga 45,9%. Efisiensi usaha ternak sapi pada pola integrasi kakao-sapi terjadi melalui pemanfaatan kulit kakao dan tanaman pelindung (leguminosa) sebagai bahan pakan yang menghemat tenaga kerja dalam penyediaan pakan hingga 50%. Efisiensi pengelolaan kebun kakao terjadi melalui penghematan biaya penggunaan pupuk kandang yang mencapai 40%. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan bahwa usaha tani integrasi kakao-sapi jauh lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan nonintegrasi. Pola integrasi mampu memberikan keuntungan Rp13,03 juta/ha/2 ekor/tahun, sedangkan keuntungan pada pola nonintegrasi hanya Rp7,84 juta/ha/tahun. Pola integrasi memberikan nilai tambah Rp5,1 juta atau 66% dengan incremental benefit cost ratio (IBCR) 1,08. Sistem ini berpotensi untuk diimplementasikan di berbagai wilayah pengembangan kakao di Indonesia, sekaligus untuk mendukung program peningkatan populasi sapi.<br /><br /></p><p> </p></jats:p
A Critique of the Correction of Nizamiâs Khamseh by Basir Mozhdehi Compared with Corrections of Vahid Dastgerdi and Moscow
No full textUntil now we have been familiar with several corrections of Nizamiâs Khamseh like Vahid Dastgerdi, Moscow, Servatian and Barat Zanjani but in recent years a new correction has been published by Samieh Basir Mozhdehi (reviewed by Baha al-Din Khoramshahi) whose first and second imprints were published by Dustan publishing in 1383 and 1388 respectively. Such correction has been done based on the so-called version of Saâdloo (due to the fact that this version has been found in a family with the very name) which belongs to eight century (A.H) and via contrasting with versions of central library of Tehran University, Vahid Dastgerdi and Russian Academy of Science. The author thinks that her findings and understandings of the verses, using the most correct variants (in her view), considering the rules of rhyme, styles of poetry, prosody and other rhetorical techniques, and using the version of Saâdloo as the basis of her correction have altogether made her correction more authentic and closer to the main version of Nizamiâs work.
It should be mentioned that although this correction is recent and could apply the results of new sciences besides having access to two authentic versions of Vahid and Moscow to provide a better work than the predecessorsâ, it is unfortunately one of the corrections with most mistakes and problems. While indicating to some verses in this correction and comparing it with the versions of Vahid and Moscow (that the corrector has acknowledged her correction has been contrasted particularly with these two ones), this research aims to show that such correction is not authentic. The important point is that, contrary to the words of author about paying attention to poetic styles and techniques, the reader finds out after close reading that unfortunately the corrector lacks sufficient knowledge about such rules and even the morphology and poetic space of Nizami
Analisis Kebijakan Strategis dalam Mendukung Sistem USAhatani Berkelanjutan di Lahan Pasang Surut Sebakung Kalimantan Timur
Full text linkDespite some existing problems, swampy areas in East Kalimantan are potential agricultural land. Oneof the problems is conflicting interest between the food crops farmers in the upstream and the brackish water fishgrowers in the downstream. The fish growers suspect that the water flows from upstream is contaminated withpesticides and sulfidic acid and it will be toxic to their ponds. Thus, they closed the primary canal flowing intothe ponds in the downstream. The results are destructive to both parties, namely flooding in the food crops fieldsin the upstream during the wet season and excessive inflow of salty water from the sea into the fish ponds in thedownstream. This assessment is aimed at investigating whether the food crops farming has negative impacts onthe brackish water fish growing. The results showed that closing of the drainage canal (Primer II) did not affectthe water acidity in the downstream. The negative impacts of the closing were bad drainage of the food cropsfields in the upstream and high salinity of the downstream fish ponds. Technically, if the Primer II canal wasopened it would function normally as a drainage canal and the supply of fresh water to the ponds. However,opening of the Primer II canal would raise protest of the fish growers because they kept assuming that water flowfrom the canal would be risky to the fish in the pond. The best option to take is widening and deepening bothbuilt alternative canals.Key words: policy analysis, sustainable agriculture, swampy areaMeskipun mempunyai banyak permasalahan, lahan pasang surut di Kalimantan Timur dapat dipandangsebagai sumberdaya pertanian yang potensial. Salah satu permasalahan yang memerlukan pemecahan segeraadalah konflik kepentingan antara petani tanaman pangan dengan petani tambak. Petani tambak menduga bahwalimpahan air dari USAhatani pangan membawa racun pestisida dan pirit sehingga air bereaksi masam dan akanmeracuni ikan dalam tambak. Dugaan ini menyebabkan petani tambak menutup saluran primer (sungaiMaruwat) yang menuju ke areal tambak. Akibatnya, pada musim hujan terjadi banjir pada areal tanaman pangan,dan pada musim kemarau terjadi pemasukan air laut yang berlebihan di lahan tambak. Kondisi ini merugikankedua belah pihak, baik petani pangan maupun petani tambak. Pengkajian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasiapakah benar USAhatani tanaman pangan mempunyai dampak yang negatif terhadap budidaya ikan tambak. Hasilkajian menunjukkan bahwa penutupan saluran Primer-II tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemasaman air di bagianhilir. Dampak negatif dari penutupan saluran tersebut adalah buruknya sistem drainase pada lahan pangan dibagian hulu dan tingginya salinitas air tambak di bagian hilir. Secara teknis, saluran Primer-II akan berfungsisecara normal sebagai saluran drainase dan pemasok air tawar untuk tambak, apabila saluran tersebut dibukakembali. Namun langkah ini dapat menimbulkan gejolak di kalangan petani tambak, karena mereka masihberpendapat bahwa aliran air dari saluran Primer-II membahayakan ikan di tambak. Oleh karena itu, langkahyang paling strategis adalah memperlebar dan memperdalam dua saluran alternatif yang sudah dibangun
Summary of research results, management recommendations and farmer workshops from cacao agroforestry landscapes in Indonesia
No full textSoftcover, 17,6x25Cacao agroforestry systems are common in Indonesia, but differences in local management affect
biodiversity and related ecosystem services. Importantly, birds and bats alike strongly contribute
to biological pest control in cacao, thereby promoting yields and sustainable farming. Our findings
from many years of ecological field research, in close collaboration with Indonesian cacao farmers,
are summarized and discussed in this bilingual book, written in both English and Indonesian. It is
designed to communicate scientific information as well as to facilitate transdisciplinary discussions
and more biodiversity-friendly management in tropical agroforestry systems.
We consider this book as a tool to improve the collaboration of local communities, farmers and
scientists, as well as to improve the application of scientific knowledge in agricultural practice -
particularly in tropical land use areas.
Bea Maas, the first author of this book, is postdoctoral researcher at the University of Vienna
(Austria), working in the fields of biology, ecology and conservation. She conducted the research and
workshops presented here in close collaboration and with support from the University of Göttingen
(Germany) and the University of Tadulako (Indonesia).Sistem agroforestri kakao adalah hal umum di Indonesia, tetapi perbedaan pengelolaan setempat
akan mempengaruhi keanekaragaman hayati dan layanan ekosistem. Terutama, burung dan kelelawar
sama-sama memberikan kontribusi tinggi pada pengendalian hama biologis di kakao, sehingga
dapat meningkatkan hasil panen dan pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Temuan kami dari penelitian
lapangan ekologi bertahun-tahun, yang bekerjasama erat dengan petani kakao Indonesia, dirangkum
dan dibahas dalam buku bilingual ini, tertulis dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Buku
ini dirancang untuk mengkomunikasikan informasi ilmiah dan juga untuk memfasilitasi diskusi
transdisipliner dan pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati yang ramah pada sistem agroforestri tropis.
Kami menganggap buku ini sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan kolaborasi masyarakat lokal, petani
dan ilmuwan, serta untuk meningkatkan penerapan pengetahuan ilmiah dalam praktik pertanian -
terutama di wilayah penggunaan lahan tropis.
Bea Maas, penulis pertama buku ini, adalah peneliti postdoctoral di Universitas Wina (Austria),
bekerja di bidang biologi, ekologi dan konservasi. Dia melakukan penelitian dan lokakarya yang
disampaikan dalam buku ini dengan kerjasama yang erat dan dukungan dari Universitas Göttingen
(Jerman) dan Universitas Tadulako (Indonesia)
Social capital and inequality in immigrant entrepreneurship: pathways and barriers
No full textImmigrant entrepreneurs who belong to marginalized populations face significant financial, social, cultural, and legal barriers (Hernandez, 2024). While founding and sustaining a new business is not an equal experience for all (Guzman & Kacperczyk, 2019), entrepreneurship offers marginalized people a pathway to greater economic inclusion and social mobility (Min & Bozorgmehr, 2003; Hwang & Phillips, 2023; Rider et al., 2023). Furthermore, despite the risks associated with new enterprises, immigrants are more likely than their native-born counterparts to become entrepreneurs (Kerr & Kerr, 2020). Considering this evidence, entrepreneurship has the potential to offer marginalized immigrants a pathway to economic inclusion and social mobility. As organizational scholars and members of an unequal society with growing anti-immigrant sentiment, it is crucial to investigate the mechanisms that could reduce barriers to entrepreneurial entry and growth for marginalized immigrants. The literature on social capital identifies it as a powerful resource facilitating entrepreneurial success (Burt, 1992; Lin et al., 2001; Adler and Kwon, 2002; Samila & Sorenson, 2017; Portes & Sensenbrenner, 1993). However, in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship, the role of social capital is far from straightforward.. Immigrants, being foreign to the host country, often lack access to the social networks that facilitate entrepreneurial entry, especially in the absence of resource-rich ethnic enclaves (Portes & Stepick, 1985). Even when such networks exist, cultural norms or an overreliance on insular perspectives within these enclaves can limit entrepreneurial ambition and growth (Portes, 2014). Finally, first-order barriers such as marginalized identities may further constrain immigrants’ ability to cultivate resourceful social ties. This symposium tackles such intricacies in the literature to advance our understanding of social capital and inequality in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship. It will feature research that explores how social capital shapes inequities in immigrant entrepreneurship and examines interventions to mitigate these disparities. Key questions addressed include: a) Can social capital offset financial inequities that hinder entrepreneurial entry? b) How do multiple overlapping identities of people influence their engagement with entrepreneurial ecosystems and networks? c) What interventions, such as macro policy changes or digital tools, can reduce the social network-driven inequities faced by immigrant entrepreneurs? The Impact of Financial Constraints on Entrepreneurship: The Moderating Role Of Social Capital Author: Inara Tareque; Columbia Business School Navigating Identity Networks in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Author: Nada Basir; University of Waterloo Author: Bessma Momani; University of Waterloo Author: Melissa Finn; University of Waterloo Author: Leslie Nichols; Wilfrid Laurier University The Entrepreneurial Dynamics of Trade Liberalization: Immigrants as Agents of Change Author: Ashlee Li; Author: Astrid Marinoni; Georgia Institute of Technology A Digital Refuge: How WhatsApp Offers Stability Amidst Mobility to NYC Asylum Seekers Author: Sandra Portocarrero; The London School of Economics & Political Science Author: Rohini Jalan; McGill Universit
Analysis of health in health centers area in Depok using correspondence analysis and scan statistic
No full textMythological Intertextuality in “Harry Potter and The Cursed Child” Special Rehearsal Edition
Full text linkThis thesis focused on the mythological intertextuality in “Harry Potter and The
Cursed Child” special rehearsal edition (2016). There are two objectives of the research
in this thesis, they are (1) to find out the mythologies intertexted in the novel and (2)
to see how those mythologies involved in the construction of the story to help building
it up.
This research used descriptive qualitative method since the main data’s source is
from the texts of the novel by J.K Rowling. In collecting the data, the researcher relied
on himself as the main instrument that collected them and then analysed them using
the basic concept of the theory of intertextuality by Julia Kristeva combined with the
common general definition of mythology forming mythological intertextuality.
The result of the research revealed that there are 18 mythologies that inserted by
the author into the novel which can be categorized: 4 objects, 5 characters, and 9
creatures.
Those mythologies involved in the construction of the story, which are theme,
characters, plot and setting. Most of the mythologies inserted by the author involved in
the character element since it covers up the mythological figures and creatures. It can
be seen that the author brought the mythologies combined with her creativity or another
external elements in arranging the story because the mythologies do not dominated the
element yet they have their participation in constructing it
Universalitas Dalam Karya Sastra: Aspek Representasional, Diskursif, Dan Nilai Filsafat Novel The Alchemist Karya Paulo Coelho
Full text link"The Alchemist" composition of Paulo Coelho is a novel of world class (winner nobel) that is translated from Spain (0 Alquimista) to various languages, including English and Indonesian. The translation of Indonesian, carried out by Tanti Lesmana (publisher Gramedia), has been considered good enough and used as items of lecturing of art in various college. Its content is wide enough. Besides depicting real fact live with creative touch of his author, it is loaded with various social messages which are so meaningful. At least, there are three important aspects drawn uppermostly in the novel: aspect of representational, diskursif, and philosophy. The author presents various facts of life and historical-geographical reality (aspect representational). For movement of especial figure and develop; build story so that draw used by various strategy, for example occult signal, third person help, and the symbolism (aspect diskursif). And most important is presenting of various human drama which can be taken by its benefit of both for positive and or the negativity (philosophy aspect).</jats:p
ANALISIS EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN PUPUK NITROGEN PADA PADI SAWAH DI TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Full text linkNutrient management strategies effectively and efficientlyis an additional effort to improvethe results obtaained by farmers and related to environmental sustainability. The use of N fertilizer, which is an essential nutrient for rice plants, needs to know the optimum dosage according to plant needs and soil fertility. The research objective is to determine the optimum N dose to get the maximum rice yield in irrigated paddy fields. The study was conducted in Matoangin, Bantimurung District, Maros, South Sulawesi, for two planting seasons, from January to August 2014. The first planting season lasted from January to April 2014 (rainy season), and the second planting season from May to August 2014 ( dry season). The experiment were used in a randomized block design with three replications. The dosage of N fertilizer consists of six levels, namely (N0) without fertilizer; (N1) 33.75 kg N / ha equivalent to 75 kg Urea / ha; (N2) 67.50 kg N / ha equivalent to 150 kg Urea / ha; (N3) 101, 25 kg N / ha equivalent to 225 kg Urea / ha; (N4) 135 kg N / ha equivalent to 300 kg Urea / ha, and farmer dose (N5) 168.75 kg N / ha equivalent to 375 kg Urea / ha. The results showed plant height, panicle length, number of filled grain and yields of Inpari-4 rice at the study site were influenced by N fertilization. Research in the rainy and dry season showed fertilization N increased growth and yield of rice by following a quadratic pattern, and dosage the optimum N fertilizer is different in each season. The optimum N fertilizer requirements to obtain the maximum results in the rainy season (6.78 t / ha) is 129 kg N / ha equivalent of 282 kg of urea / ha, while in the dry season takes 131.57 kg N / ha equivalent of 286 kg urea / ha to get maximum yield (7.15 t / ha). The dosage of fertilizer is more efficient compared to that applied by farmers, namely> 300 kg urea / ha (equivalent to 135 kg N / ha)
