1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic : a literature review
Get PDFThis paper outlines the magnitude of pandemic mortality; it presents the effects of COVID-19 on registration of births, marriages, deaths, and causes of death; it examines the resilience of CRVS systems during this health crisis; it suggests alternative solutions and post-covid scenarios in terms of CRVS systems. The literature review looks at civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems which, in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic shows that current CRVS functioning is unable to meet urgent needs for reliable updated data during times of crisis. Pandemic measures have resulted in interruptions of most daily activities: the shutdown of transit and schools, the enormous strain on health systems, and closure of workplaces, including CRVS offices.Global Affairs Canad
Disparités géographiques et de sexe de l’enregistrement des naissances, mariages et décès à l’état civil dans l’observatoire de population de Nouna, Burkina Faso
Get PDFAffaires mondiales Canad
Conditions de vie, santé et soutien aux personnes âgées en milieu rural africain : cas de Nouna, Burkina Faso
Get PDFLa question du vieillissement de la population n’est pas encore d’actualité dans les pays subsahariens. Pourtant, si la proportion des personnes âgées demeure certes faible, leur effectif augmente de plus en plus rapidement dans un contexte d’absence de sécurité sociale généralisée. La prise en charge des personnes âgées représente alors un des véritables défis futurs pour les pays africains au sud du Sahara. L’élaboration d’interventions publiques en faveur de ces personnes nécessite une connaissance approfondie de leurs conditions de vie. L’objectif principal de la présente thèse est donc d’apporter une contribution à la production de résultats de recherches sur les conditions de vie des personnes âgées en Afrique subsaharienne afin d’informer et d’éventuellement orienter les politiques de prise en charge de ce groupe de personnes. Spécifiquement, la thèse visait à 1) mieux faire connaître les différentes caractéristiques des personnes âgées dans un contexte rural africain, 2) contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des conditions qui prédisposent les personnes âgées à vivre seules, 3) caractériser l’état de santé des personnes âgées à travers leur arrangement résidentiel, et enfin 4) mettre en évidence les changements épidémiologiques qui se sont opérés sur une période de 20 ans chez les personnes âgées. Quatre articles ont été rédigés en utilisant les données de l’observatoire de population de Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Dans le premier article, il est ressorti que la réalité du vieillissement est différente pour les hommes et pour les femmes. Les hommes âgés sont plus susceptibles de vivre avec leur (s) conjointe (s) que les femmes âgées. Les femmes âgées se déclarent plus en mauvaise santé que les hommes âgés. Par ailleurs, les résultats de ce premier article ont montré qu’il y a une baisse dans le temps de l’accueil des personnes âgées dans les ménages des autres et une augmentation des proportions des ménages à une personne. Pour le deuxième article, les résultats confirment l’augmentation dans le temps de la propension des personnes âgées à vivre seules. Pour ce qui concerne les facteurs prédisposant les personnes âgées à vivre seules, les résultats n’ont décelé aucune différence de risque entre les hommes et les femmes pour la population totale âgée. En revanche, en ne considérant que le groupe des personnes âgées non mariées, les hommes ont plus de risques de vivre seuls comparativement aux femmes. Pour le troisième article, les résultats attestent que la santé des personnes âgées varie selon leur arrangement résidentiel avec un avantage pour celles qui vivent avec leur (s) conjoint(e) s. Les hommes vivant seuls ou avec des jeunes dépendants déclarent plus de maladies chroniques que leurs homologues de sexe féminin. Par contre, les hommes en couple déclarent être en meilleure santé que les femmes du même groupe. En outre, les veufs vivant avec des enfants non dépendants ont un risque plus élevé de décès comparativement aux femmes de la même catégorie. Pour le quatrième et dernier article, les résultats ont révélé que les personnes âgées de la zone de Nouna souffrent de maladies transmissibles (paludisme et maladies respiratoires) et non transmissibles (maladies cardiovasculaires et tumeurs). La première catégorie de causes de décès dans cette population demeure les maladies transmissibles avec néanmoins une montée rapide des maladies non transmissibles.Population ageing is not yet an important issue in sub-Saharan countries. However, while the proportion of the older population remains low, their numbers are growing rapidly in a context of largely absent social security. Assuring adequate care for the older segments of the population constitutes a future challenge for sub-Saharan countries. The development of effective public interventions for these people requires a thorough knowledge of their living conditions. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the production of evidence regarding the living conditions of older people in sub-Saharan Africa, in order to provide the information necessary for policy and interventions. More specifically, this thesis aims to provide a better understanding of: (1) the characteristics of the older people in a West African rural context, (2) the conditions that predispose older people to live alone, (3) the health status of older men and women and its association with their residential arrangements, and finally, 4) the epidemiological situation and changes that have occurred over a 20-year period with regard to these people. Four articles on these topics have been written, using the data from the longitudinal Nouna population observatory in Burkina Faso.
The first article shows that the reality of ageing differs considerably by gender. Older men are more likely to live with their spouse(s) than their female counterparts. Older women report having worse health conditions than older men. Moreover, there appears to have been a decline over time in the propensity of “other” households welcoming older people to live in their homes, as well as an increase in the proportion of households in which older people live alone. The second article further confirms the growing likelihood of older people living alone over the 20-year study period. For the older population as a whole, the results do not reveal significant differences between older men and women in terms of the determinants of living along, although among those who are currently unmarried, men are more likely to live alone than women. The third article shows that the health of older people in this population varies by residential arrangement, with those living as couples presenting generally better health conditions. Men living alone or with dependent youth report having more chronic diseases than their female counterparts. On the other hand, men living with their spouse(s) report being healthier than women in the same category. In addition, widowers living with non-dependent children exhibit a higher risk of death compared to widows of the same group. In the fourth and final article, the results indicate that older people in Nouna suffer from both communicable diseases (malaria and respiratory diseases) and non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases and tumors). While the most important category of causes of death remains communicable diseases, there has been a rapid rise in the importance of non-communicable diseases over the past two decades in this population
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