1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Tanwīr al-Miqbās min Tafsīr Ibn ʹAbbās : its principles of interpretation
No full textThis study investigates the principles of interpretation in Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn `Abbas, focusing on its approach and method, sources and points of view. To accomplish this purpose, both historical and literary analysis are employed. Nevertheless, this study does not attempt to resolve the well-known dispute over its authenticity or ascription.Like other Qur'anic commentaries produced in the classical period, Tanwir al-Miqbas relies heavily on philological analysis in the sense that it provides an interpretation of Qur'anic verses based on their literal meaning and in very simple terms. Similarly, it employs sources that were commonly used in classical tafsir, namely, Qur'anic cross-reference, h&dotbelow;adith, Arabic poetry and isra'iliyat. However, due to its simplistic approach, it is difficult to extract any guiding principles behind its interpretation. In fact, there is little to indicate that this Qur'anic exegesis represents the views of any particular Islamic sect, let alone of any individual person.Nevertheless, with its simple presentation, Tanwir al-Miqbas brings up many interesting and challenging issues which deserve greater scholarly attention. Further and deeper research into these issues may help us to situate the work within the broader exegetical tradition in Islam
Designing the curriculum of Kitab Kuning (Arabic Script) at Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah in South Kalimantan
Full text linkPrior studies found that education at Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah was not based on theories of curriculum design and did not have a formal curriculum, but the critics did not provide practical suggestions. The objectives of the study were to find out the nature of the curriculum design and the problems in implementing the recent curriculum of the Kitab Kuning at the Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah in South Kalimantan. Besides, this study also designed the suitable curriculum of Kitab Kuning for education at Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah. This study employed a qualitative case study. The researcher employed documentation, interview, and observation methods to triangulate the study. Nine groups of people were involved in this study: parents, politically influential
individuals, experts of curriculum, santris, ustaz, graduates, dropouts, community figure, and the writer of the Kitab Kuning. The data were analyzed through content analysis. This study found that the Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah had four unwritten components of curriculum and the problem of implementing curriculum occured in the content section and the methods of teaching. The major contribution of the study is that now the Pondok
Pesantren Salafiyah has a written curriculum covering educational purposes, contents,
methods of teachings, and methods of evaluation
PONDOK PESANTREN SALAFIYAH AND REASONS OF MAINTAINING EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Full text linkPondok pesantren is a form of the oldest Islamic educational institution
in Indonesia. This institution is established by social initiative and effort,
so it is built, developed by and'for the community. Historically speaking, it
is difficult to determine when the first pondok pesantren was built. But
based on histori cal accqunts, it is traced that this institution was known in
Indonesia in the 13th-14th centuries, and especially in Java in the 15th- ·
16th centuries. Therefore, pondok pesantren has existed in Indonesia since
300-400 years ago.
1 Another work states that according to Babad Demak, in the time of Rahmat (Sunan Ampel), pondok pesantren was established
for the first time, in the same time with the reign of Kertawijaya in Majapahit.2
In the beginning, mostly pondok pesantrens were built in the form of
salafiyah, focusing in teaching and learning kitab-kitab kuning. 3 Time by
time, educational system of pondok pesantrens has been developed. Some
of them have offered formal education while still have applied their
salafiyah method of teaching, this kind of pondok pesantren is classified as
combination. Some others have changed totally by eliminating their
salafiyah character, and this is called kf'ialafiyah (modern).4 Some others
have maintained their salafiyah teaching without any change. 5 Pondok
pesantrens have changed their educational system to respond to changes
surrounding them for various reasons. For example, certificate is a requirement
to have a job in.the society nowadays. Moreover, some pondok pesantrens
offer agricultural program (for instance Pondok Pesantren Darul Fallah,
Bogor), and some others provide activities in poultry husbandry, goat, and
milk cow raising, like in Pondok Pesantren Tegalrejo, Kedir
Antibacterial Activity Torch Ginger Leaf Extract (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Sm.) Against Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)
No full textEnterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium commonly found in cases of failure after root canal treatment, with at least 20 out of 30 cases showing its presence after root canal treatment. Torch ginger leaves have been reported to contain bioactive compounds that can inhibit bacteria.
This study is an experimental laboratory research with a post-test only with controlled group design. The research samples consisted of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212TM and 70% ethanol extract of torch ginger leaves (Etlingera elatior) with 8 test concentrations and 2 control groups, each with 3 repetitions. The determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in this study used the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the streaking method from MIC testing was used. Data analysis for determining MIC values in this study used the parametric One-Way ANOVA test (p<0.05) followed by the Post Hoc Test (LSD), while the determination of MBC values used the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05) followed by the Mann-Whitney test.
The results of this study show that there is antibacterial activity of torch ginger leaf extract (Etlingera elatior) against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Torch ginger leaf extract is able to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria starting from concentrations of 3.125% to 80%, with an average inhibition zone of 6.90±0.46 mm and bactericidal efficacy of 29.49% to 14.93±0.87 mm with a bactericidal efficacy of 99.93%.
This study concludes that the concentration of 3.125% is determined as the MIC value and falls into the moderate category. The MBC value of the 8 test concentration groups is at concentrations of 65%, 75%, and 80% because it is able to reduce the number of initial bacterial colonies by 98%-99%. The effective concentration of torch ginger leaf extract (Etlingera elatior) which has inhibitory and bactericidal efficacy and thus has the potential to become an irrigation material for root canals is the concentration of 65%.113 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
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