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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTIROID PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR
Full text linkLatar Belakang. Hipertiroid dapat mengakibatkan percepatan detak jantung, penurunan berat badan, peningkatan nafsu makan, dan kecemasan. Hipertiroidisme lebih sering terjadi pada wanita. Pajanan asap rokok, stres psikologi, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, umur, periode melahirkan, dan konsumsi iodium pada tahap tertentu dapat memicu hipertiroid. Tujuan. Penelitian ini mencari hubungan antara status merokok, tingkat stres, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, umur, dan penggunaan garam beriodium rumah tangga dengan kejadian hipertiroid pada wanita usia subur (WUS). Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan desain kasus-kontrol pada pasien baru WUS berusia 15–49 tahun di Klinik GAKI Magelang tahun 2013–2014. Populasi penelitian terdiri atas kelompok kasus yaitu 51 pasien WUS didiagnosis hipertiroid. Kelompok kontrol yaitu 102 WUS yang didiagnosis sehat dan tidak mengalami gangguan fungsi tiroid (eutiroid/normal). Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara responden disertai uji cepat kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga. Uji Chi-square dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hubungan bivariat antara variabel independen dan kejadian hipertiroid pada responden. Analisis uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hubungan variabel dependen secara bersamaan terhadap kejadian hipertiroid. Hasil. Wanita usia subur dengan stres berat mempunyai risiko hipertiroid 2,4 kali daripada WUS dengan stres ringan (OR=2,435; 95% CI=1,031–5,755; p=0,043; p<0,05). Wanita usia subur bukan pengguna kontrasepsi hormonal memiliki risiko hipertiroid 3,5 kali dibandingkan dengan WUS pengguna kontrasepsi hormonal (OR=0,284; 95% CI=0,114–0,709; p=0,007; p<0,05). Kesimpulan. Stres berat berhubungan dengan risiko hipertiroid pada WUS. Wanita usia subur (WUS) hendaknya melakukan manajemen stres sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan terhadap hipertiroid dan juga pencegahan kekambuhan hipertiroid
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS TINGGI POTASSIUM IODIDE (KI) TERHADAP FUNGSI TIROID, THYROID PEROXIDASE ANTIBODY (TPOAb), DAN BERAT BADAN PADA TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR HIPOTIROID
Full text linkLatar Belakang. Pengaruh kelebihan iodium jangka panjang dari potassium iodide (KI) terhadap kadar thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), hormon tiroid, dan thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) masih belum jelas. Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis tinggi KI secara oral selama 12 minggu terhadap fungsi tiroid, TPOAb, dan berat badan (BB) pada tikus jantan galur Wistar hipotiroid. Metode. Tiga puluh tikus jantan galur Wistar dengan berat rata-rata 200–250 g dibagi menjadi lima kelompok. Empat kelompok diberikan PTU 54 mg/kg BB/hari secara oral selama 14 hari untuk menginduksi hipotiroid dan satu kelompok kontrol diberikan akuades. Pada empat kelompok tikus hipotiroid, satu kelompok diberikan akuades 2 ml/hari, dan tiga kelompok diberikan KI dosis: 19,8 µg I/hari, 39,6 µg I/hari, dan 79,2 µg I/hari secara oral selama 12 minggu. Kadar TSH, fT4, TPOAb, dan BB diukur sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil. Rerata kadar TSH sesudah pemberian KI dosis 39,6 µg I/hari secara oral selama 12 minggu lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Sedangkan rerata kadar TSH sesudah pemberian KI dosis 79,2 µg I/hari lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar TPOAb antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kontrol (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Pemberian KI dosis 19,8 µg I/hari secara oral selama 12 minggu menyebabkan eutiroid, pemberian KI dosis 39,6 µg I/hari menyebabkan hipotiroid subklinis, dan pemberian KI dosis 79,2 µg I/hari menyebabkan hipertiroid subklinis pada tikus jantan Wistar hipotiroid
IODINE STATUS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND DISTRIBUTION OF IODINE, MERCURY, LEAD IN SOIL AND WATER IN THE ENDEMIC GOITER HILL AREA, PONOROGO
Full text linkBackground. Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) remained a public health problem. Ponorogo was an IDD endemic area with prominent cases of mental retardation. Despite the lack of iodine intake, exposure to environmental heavy metals can exacerbate the effects of iodine deficiency. Objective. To describe iodine status of school children and distribution of environmental iodine and heavy metals including mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in the endemic IDD hill area of Ponorogo. Method. This research is a cross-sectional study conducted in two villages in IDD endemic areas in Ponorogo, namely Dayakan and Watubonang villages, in 2011. A total of 127 urine samples of primary-school-age children were taken and analyzed for urinary iodine excretion (UIE). A total of 29 soil samples and 87 water samples were taken from the study site to measure the concentration of iodine and heavy metals Hg, Pb, and Cd. Types of water source, altitude, and land use, both soil and water source were recorded. Results. The median (min-max) UIE was 130 (14 –1187 µg/L) within the range of adequate population iodine intake according to WHO (100-199 µg/L), while the percentage of UIE <100 µg/L was still around 33.07 percent. The concentration of iodine in the soil was 33.777 mg/kg (6.640 –108.809), and the concentration of iodine in the water was 8.0 µg/L (0-49). The concentration of Hg in the soil was 68.64 ppb (7.43–562.05), and the concentration of Hg in the water was 0.00 ppb (0.00-23.24). The concentration of Pb in the soil was 3.273 ppm (0.000–25.227), while Pb was not identified in the water. The Cadmium was not detectable both in the soil and water. Conclusion. Iodine deficiency is still a public health problem in Dayakan and Watubonang villages. The environment of the endemic IDD area in Ponorogo was not completely poor in iodine, but iodine was not evenly spread and mobilized. There was a risk of environmental heavy metal exposure from Hg in the soil or water and Pb in the soil. Mercury in the environment can cause health problems due to the inhibition of the use of iodine in the thyroid gland
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Disparity in weekly number of covid-19 cases in magelang regency: ecological study with temporal spatial analysis: Disparitas jumlah kasus mingguan covid-19 di kabupaten magelang: studi ekologi dengan analisis spasial temporal
No full textKabupaten Magelang adalah salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Tengah yang wilayahnya di lalui jalur lintasan utama antar dua provinsi yaitu Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Provinsi DI Yogyakarta. Posisi strategis tersebut mengakibatkan tingginya mobilitas penduduk di wilayah Kabupaten Magelang sehingga membuat kabupaten Magelang menjadi kabupaten dengan angka kasus positif Covid-19 tahun 2020 tertinggi kedua di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan 4418 kasus setelah Kota Semarang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran secara spasial dan temporal timgkat kejadian mingguan kasus baru Covid-19 pada masa puncak pandemi tahun 2020 yaitu Bulan Desember. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan studi ekologis menggunakan pendekatan spasial dan temporal. Sampel adalah semua kasus baru Covid-19 pada masa puncak kasus yaitu bulan Desember 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis spasial temporal terlihat wilayah yang dilintasi jalur transportasi nasional memiliki kecenderungan penambahan kasus yang tinggi Covid-19 mingguan pada Bulan Desember 2020. Sedangkan Kecamatan yang di dominasi area perdesaan adalah wilayah kecmatan dengan kecendrungan penambahan kasus Covid-19 yang rendah.Magelang Regency is one of the regencies in Central Java whose territory is traversed by the main route between two provinces, namely Central Java Province and DI Yogyakarta Province. This strategic position resulted in high population mobility in the Magelang Regency area, making Magelang Regency the district with the second-highest number of positive Covid-19 cases in 2020 in Central Java Province with 4418 cases after Semarang City. The purpose of this study was to find out a spatial and temporal description of the weekly incidence of new Covid-19 cases at the peak of the 2020 pandemic, namely December. The type of research is quantitative descriptive research with ecological studies using spatial and temporal approaches. The sample is all new cases of Covid-19 during the peak period of cases, namely December 2020. The results show that based on spatial-temporal analysis, it is seen that areas crossed by national transportation routes have a tendency to increase weekly Covid-19 cases in December 2020. dominated by rural areas are sub-districts with a low tendency to add Covid-19 cases
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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