10 research outputs found
Courts Reform Programmes: The Malaysian Experience
No full textIn this paper Justice Azahar bin Mohamed (Federal Court Judge, Malaysia and 2015 Inns of Court Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies) gives a brief account, developed from a lecture at the IALS, of the Malaysian experience of transforming the judicial landscape with the introduction of new measures to tackle a massive backlog of cases and unacceptable delay in the litigation process. The author focuses on the key initiatives aimed at strengthening of judicial systems and procedures including efforts to address court management systems, procedural rules, and jurisdictional limit of courts and implementation of alternative dispute resolution. He highlights some of the accomplishments and the resulting outcomes of the reforms and sets some directions which the court should take in the future
The Impact of Parallel Legal Systems on Fundamental Liberties in Multi-religious Societies
No full textIn this research paper Justice Azahar bin Mohamed (Federal Court Judge, Malaysia and 2015 Inns of Court Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies) considers the right to freedom of religion in multi-religious societies. In particular the author looks at some of the legal issues of the impact of parallel legal systems on the fundamental right to enjoy individual religious freedom and to lead varied lives as well as the responsibility to respect the rights of others to live as they choose according to their faiths. His aim is to explain and create a deeper understanding of some of the important legal issues and the growing challenges of legal pluralism and religious diversity in contemporary Malaysia and Britain
Festivals and deterioration of aquatic environment: A case study of Idol immersion in Tapi River, India
No full textIn the civil society different festivals are celebrated, these are the integral part of human life and many of festivals are religious, seasonal change and culturally important. The present study elucidated environmental impact of Ganesh idol immersion on water quality of Tapi River and for this purpose water samples were collected during different durations (pre immersion, during immersion and post immersion) from selected sampling stations or idol immersion points of Tapi River. The important water quality parameters like pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, total hardness, total alkalinity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, oil & grease and total calcium were analysed for the study. Result shows that dissolved oxygen was depleted while remaining parameter were increased during the idol immersion and it was concluded that aquatic ecosystem of Tapi river was deteriorated and pollution and nutrient load were increased due to these religious activities. The celebration of festivals and these religious activities can’t stop but pollution can reduce to save the river
Good governance in national solid waste management policy (NSWMP) implementation: A case study of Malaysia
No full textThe constraints of good governance practice in national solid waste management policy (NSWMP) implementation: A case study of Malaysia
No full textStorage Stability of Latex Modified Bitumen
No full textThe use of latex modified bitumen can increase the performance of pavement work. Polymer modified bitumen are usually prepared at high temperatures and subsequently stored for a period time, also some high temperatures. A coupled phase-field model of diffusion and flow is developed to stimulate and predict the polymer modified bitumen storage stability and phase separation. An unstable polymer modified bitumen starts to separate into phases by diffusion because of poor polymer-bitumen composition. The attention of this paper is focused on the analysis of optimum composition of materials that cause least separation of latex and bitumen. Materials that involved in latex modified bitumen are bitumen with grade of 60/70 with latex that obtained from Lembaga Getah Malaysia. In order to determine the optimum percentage of latex composition in latex modified bitumen, author use three different percentage of latex, 3% and 6% from the weight blend of base bitumen. The outcome of this study may thus assist in future efforts of ensuring storage stability and sustainable application of latex modified bitumen
Intelligent Egg Incubator
No full textThis research presents the design and development of a chicken egg incubator. The aim is to design and construct an “Intelligent Egg Incubator” that can hatch chicken eggs automatically. In the design, author used a temperature control system that controls the temperature of the incubator. This system consists of a temperature sensor, heating and cooling elements and a controller. If the temperature of the incubator exceeds a certain value, the cooling unit will operate to reduce the temperature while if the temperature goes below another threshold value, the heating element will start to operate to increase the temperature. Furthermore, author used a motion sensor to detect the movements of the eggs. If there is a movement inside the incubator, the owner of the incubator will get the notification about the conditions of the egg
Decoding the Viral Video Phenomenon: A Bibliometric Review of Marketing Strategies (2011-2021)
No full textThis study reports on the bibliometric analysis of scrutinized scholarly works from 2011 to 2021, utilizing data derived from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. A total of 2542 pertinent publications have been identified and analyzed to understand their characteristics and citation patterns using recognized bibliometric indicators. The findings from a comprehensive bibliometric analysis on the utilization of video virality as a critical marketing tool, with a focus on advertising and marketing. The findings highlight a noticeable surge in publication trends during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the increasing relevance of viral videos in contemporary marketing strategies. Visualization techniques have been employed to generate a word cloud from author-generated and additional keywords, shedding light on the thematic focus of the existing literature. A Sankey diagram further elucidates less prominent topics, predicting their potential prominence in future research endeavors. Building on these insights, the paper posits recommendations for future research. These include expanding the geographic scope to incorporate underrepresented regions, delving deeper into consumer engagement and interaction with viral video content, and conducting a thorough analysis of the elements that contribute to a video’s virality. Additionally, the paper encourages collaborative research efforts across countries, explores the psychological, sociological, and cultural impacts of viral content, examines the influence of global events on viral marketing, and anticipates the implications of technological advancements on viral content
Keywords: Bibliometric; Viral video; Advertising; e-WOM, Content analysis; Marketing
Clinical-epidemiological pattern of primary immunodeficiencies in Malaysia 1987-2006: a 20 year experience in four Malaysian hospitals
No full textAim of study: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients seen with primary immunodeficiencies referred at four Malaysian Hospitals between 1987 to 2007 Methods: Patient data were retrospectively obtained from patient records and supplemented by information from a standardized questionnaires taken at the time of diagnosis from 4 participating hospitals. The completed data were transferred to document records kept by the first author. The diagnoses made were based on criteria set by WHO Scientific Committee 1986. Results: Fifty one (51) patients with completed records satisfied the criteria of primary immunodeficiencies based on WHO Scientific Committee 1986. Predominant Antibody deficiency (40.4%) is the commonest of the class of primary immunodeficiency (based on modified IUIS classification) followed by phagocytic defect (17.3%), combined immunodeficiencies (15.4%) and other cellular immunodeficiencies (11.5%). The commonest clinical presentation is pneumonia (54%). A positive Family history with a close family relative afflicted was a strong pointer to diagnosis for PID (52.6%) Primary immnodeficiencies are seen in all the major ethnic groups of Malaysia, predominantly among Malays. As observed in other patient registries, diagnostic delay remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: Primary immunodeficiencies is relative rare but is an emerging disease in Malaysia. Creating awareness of the disease, may reveal more cases within the community. It is sufficient to be a health issue in Malaysia as in other developing countries in the future
Spiophanes bombyx Claparede 1870
No full textSpiophanes bombyx (Claparède, 1870) (Figs 2–4) Spio bombyx Claparède, 1870: 485 –487, plate XII, fig. 2. Spiophanes bombyx. – Mesnil, 1896: 249 –257, plate XV, figs 1–22. – Mesnil, 1897: 91 –92, plate III, figs 17, 20, 21. – Söderström, 1920: 243 –244, figs 135. – Fauvel, 1927: 41, figs 14 a–i. –Hartmann– Schröder, 1971: 327 –328, fig. 112. –Meißner, 2005: 54–58, figs 33–35 (in part).– Not Okuda, 1937: 222 –223, figs 3–4. –Not Light, 1978: 60 –62, figs 60–61. –Not Blake, 1996: 146 –147, figs. 4.18.a–e. –Not Imajima, 1991: 128 –132, figs 8–9. –Not Blake & Kudenov, 1978: 224. ? Spiophanes verrilli Webster & Benedict, 1884: 728 –729, pl. VI, figs 65–72. Non– type material. NE Atlantic Ocean: Norwegian Sea: 60 ° 36.990 ' N 2 ° 46.070 E, 110 m, 6 - V-1998, 1 specimen (ZSRO-P 715). North Sea: German Bight: 54 ° 19.728 ' N 6 ° 59.700 ' E, 39.6 m, fine sand (d 50 = 0.1 mm), 24 - VII-2008, 18 specimens (ZMH P- 24840); 54 °01.810' N 7 ° 01.732 E, 32.1 m, fine sand (d 50 = 0.175 mm), 24 - VII-2008, 1 specimen (ZMH P- 24841); 53 ° 41.186 ' N 6 ° 29.870 E, 19.3 m, medium sand (d 50 = 0.409 mm), 23 VII-2008, 1 specimen (ZMH P- 24842); 53 ° 42.741 ' N 6 ° 26.494 E, 22.2 m, medium sand (d 50 = 0.422 mm), 23 - VII-2008, 1 specimen (ZMH P- 24843); 53 ° 41.609 ' N 6 ° 29.839 E, 23.9 m, medium sand (d 50 = 0.313 mm), 23 - VII-2008, 4 specimens (ZMH P- 24844). Mediterranean Sea: Gulf of Naples: 40 ° 45.987 ' N 14 ° 22.445 E, 20 m, silty sand, 22 - III-2005, 2 specimens (ZMH P- 24832); Litorale Domitio: 40 ° 57.337 ' N 13 ° 59.505 E, 5 m, fine sand, VIII-2003, 9 specimens (ZMH P- 24833), Costa del Azahar: between cabo de San Antonio and Puerto de Valencia [39 ° 27.513 ' N 0° 18.846 W], 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 2653), 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 2620), 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 2891); Costa del Sol: Nerja, [36 ° 44.759 ' N 3 ° 43.856 W], 14 - VI-1983, 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 9855); Punta de Torrox [36 ° 42.834 ' N 3 ° 57.229 W], II-1995, 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 8754), Asturias: [36 ° 42.834 ' N 3 ° 57.229 W], 1 specimen (MNCN 16.01 / 9918); Aegean Sea: Izmir Bay [38 ° 25.935 ' N 27 ° 03.271 E], 24 m, muddy sand, 13 - VIII-2001, 1 specimen (ZMH P- 24836), Mersin Bay [36 ° 46.983 ' N 34 ° 36.817 E], 5 m, mud, 17 - IX-2005, 3 specimens (ZMH P- 24834), Iskenderun Bay: [36 ° 44.561 ' N 35 ° 42.783 E], 25 m, muddy sand, 10 - IX-2005, 2 specimens (ZMH P- 24835), [36 ° 44.561 ' N 35 ° 42.783 E], 10 m, muddy sand, 10 - IX-2005, 6 specimens (ZMH P- 24837). Additional material. Spiophanes verrilli Webster & Benedict, 1884. North Atlantic Ocean, Massachusetts: Provincetown, Wellfleet, intertidal, 5 slides with several chaetigers, 1 middle and 1 posterior fragment (USNM 480). Description. Examined specimens between 0.2 and 1.5 mm in width. Prostomium broad anteriorly, subtriangular, with long, digitiform anterolateral horns (Fig. 2 A). Occipital antenna absent. Usually two pairs of black or red eyes present. Dorsal ciliated organs starting posterior to the prostomium as continuous ciliated bands to the end of chaetiger 2, thereafter as pair of segmental ciliated patches increasing in size, eventually becoming pairs of almost straight short ciliated bands until about chaetiger 15; after chaetiger 15 ciliated bands often slightly shorter, sometimes comma-shaped or slightly oblique; application of Shirlastain A reveals additional thin transverse ciliary bands between metameric ciliated patches; metameric dorsal ciliated organs extending well into the abdominal region but not present on posteriormost chaetigers (Figs. 2 A–B, 3, 4D, Tab. 2). Peristomium moderately developed. First parapodium oriented dorsally; postchaetal lamellae subulate, of about same length in neuro- and notopodium (Fig. 2 A). Parapodia of chaetigers 2–4 in dorsolateral to lateral position; postchaetal notopodial lamellae subulate; neuropodial postchaetal lamellae subtriangular to rounded. Chaetigers 5–8 with short, subtriangular notopodial and reduced neuropodial postchaetal lamellae (Fig. 4 A). From chaetiger 9, notopodial postchaetal lamellae subtriangular to cirriform with broad base; neuropodial lamellae reduced (Figs 2 B, 3). From chaetiger 15, notopodial postchaetal lamellae cirriform with broad base (Figs 3, 4 D). Chaetal spreader “0+ 1 type ” usually with undulate opening well developed on chaetigers 5, 7 and 8; on chaetiger 6 opening of glandular organ reduced to a short slit; on chaetigers 9–14 (or sometimes 9–13 in small juvenile specimens) openings as lateral vertical slits (Fig. 4 A, C). Ventrolateral intersegmental pouches absent. Dorsal ciliated crests present from chaetiger 3, increasing in size in further posterior segments. Chaetiger 1 usually with one stout, crook-like chaeta in each neuropodium; remainder of chaetae all capillaries; hirsute under SEM and appearing granulated when viewed with light microscopy; notochaetae arranged in a tuft; neurochaetae in two rows. Chaetigers 2–4 with capillaries with narrow but distinct sheath in both neuro- and notopodia; hirsute (SEM) or appearing granulated (light microscopy); notochaetae arranged in a tuft; neurochaetae arranged in two rows. Notochaetae of chaetigers 5–14 sheathed capillaries, arranged in three rows; neuropodia with stout sheathed capillaries, distally pointed, in one or two rows. Neuropodial hooks with partially reduced hood first present from chaetiger 15, sometimes small juvenile specimens with neuropodial hooks from chaetiger 14 (Fig. 8 left); hooks quadridentate, with main fang surmounted by single unpaired tooth and pair of smaller distal teeth, additional small teeth sometimes present (Fig. 4 B); 4–11 hooks arranged in a single row, number depending on specimen size (Fig. 9); notopodia with narrowly sheathed capillaries. Ventral sabre chaetae first present in hook-bearing chaetigers. Stout, curved notochaetae in far posterior parapodia present (Fig. 4 D). S. bombyx S. norrisi S. cf. uschakowi S. aucklandicus S. anoculata 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 Dorsal ciliated 7 7 7 7 7 organs 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 * 18 * 18 * Pygidium usually with two thin, cirriform anal cirri. Pigmentation. Reddish pigment in neuropodia often visible in chaetigers of the middle body region; sometimes also present in neuropodia of chaetigers 15–18. Some specimens with brownish pigment on the prostomium close to the eyes. Methyl green staining pattern. Inconspicuous. Biology. Hannerz (1956) in a paper about the larval development of S. bombyx with detailed descriptions of the morphology of the different larval stages reports planktonic larvae to occur between April to December in Swedish coastal waters. Remarks. S. bombyx can be distinguished from all other Spiophanes species in the North and Mediterranean Seas by its strikingly long anterolateral horns, the chaetal spreaders of the “0+ 1 type ” with undulate opening fully developed on chaetigers 5, 7, and 8, the dorsal ciliated organs starting as two short continuous bands extending to the end of chaetiger 2 followed by metameric patches in a species-specific pattern (see species description above), the exclusive presence of sabre chaetae in hook-bearing chaetigers, and the presence of partially hooded hooks in neuropodia of the posterior body region. Differences between morphologically similar species from other geographic regions most importantly concern the orientation of the dorsal ciliated patches on chaetigers of the middle and posterior body region (Tab. 2), the start of neuropodial hooks on chaetiger 15 (on chaetiger 14 only in small juvenile specimens) as well as the restriction of sabre chaetae to hook-bearing chaetigers. In addition, the number of neuropodial hooks is lower in S. bombyx compared to S. aucklandicus if comparing specimens of same size (see Meißner 2005); no differences in regard to this character were found between S. bombyx and S. norrisi sp. nov. (Fig. 9). S. bombyx can no longer be regarded as a species with a world-wide distribution. The distribution might be wider than reflected by the records from the North and Mediterranean Seas confirmed here, but the status of S. bombyx as a cosmopolitan species has to be dismissed. The synonymy of S. verrilli Webster & Benedict, 1884 from Wellfleet, Massachusetts with S. bombyx has to be verified in future studies based on the investigation of material from the type locality (also see chapter Discussion in this paper). The type material of S. verrilli was investigated by the first author but its study did not allow final conclusions since important characters are not observable any longer. It consists of five permanent slides with several chaetigers, plus one middle and one posterior fragment. Geographical distribution. North Atlantic Ocean: along European coasts, Mediterranean Sea. In shallow waters up to subtidal depths.Published as part of Blank, Miriam, 2009, Spiophanes norrisi sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Spionidae) — a new species from the NE Pacific coast, separated from the Spiophanes bombyx complex based on both morphological and genetic studies, pp. 1-25 in Zootaxa 2278 on pages 7-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19114
