1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
What are the barriers to teaching computational thinking?
No full textComputers were popularized about 40 years ago in the ’80s and the internet 20 years ago in the early 2000s, but the consistent implementation of computer science (CS) is still in early stages in many primary and middle schools (Eickelmann and Vennemann 2017, 733-761). National curricula include computational thinking (CT) and information and communication technology (ICT), but only a few have practical implementation guidelines for them (Bour-geois, Birch, and Davydovskaia 2019). The digital transformation taking place everywhere and in every work area requires new competencies for everyone (Sousa and Rocha 2019, 327-334). The sooner schools adapt to the demand for new skills, the better.
For middle school students to understand and learn programming logic, primary and elementary schools should first teach computational thinking and other basic skills. The National curricula of every country under the scope of this research mention ICT, CS and CT (Bour-geois, Birch, and Davydovskaia 2019), but the content and implementation is left for teachers to decide according to the interviewees in this study (Finland, Estonia, Germany, and Greece, ten teachers each). Without unambiguous definitions and guidelines, implementation varies a lot between schools and even between teachers. For example, in the Estonian curriculum, digital competence is one of the mandatory general competencies that schools must develop in the pupils (Lauringson and Rillo 2015). However, most interviewed Estonian teachers say that in order to carry this out, they need more allocated time, resources, and teacher education.
This study aims to understand the most common barriers to teaching computational thinking in Europe. A total of 41 teachers from four different countries were interviewed about teaching CT and other computer skills. The most common barriers found in all countries were lack of time, lack of teacher education, lack of material, and lack of resources. Student motivation and student skill heterogeneity were among the new barriers found. The results vary between countries.unknown accessibilityei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Funktio, strategia ja vastarinta. Tutkielma dispositif-käsitteestä Michel Foucault'n valta-analytiikassa
Get PDF Tutkielmassa on tarkasteltu Michel Foucault'n valta-analytiikassa keskeistä dispositif-käsitettä. Foucault'n metodologiassa käsite merkitsee erilaisia suhdekokonaisuuksia. Foucault'n käsittelemät dispositifit jakaantuvat kahtaalle. Yhtäältä ne viittaavat historiallisiin ja paikallisiin järjestelmiin, toisaalta ne toimivat nimityksenä laaja-alaisemmille vallan muodoille. Tämä kahtalaisuus tekee termistä moniselitteisen ja hämärän. Työssä erittellään tähän moniselitteisyyteen liittyviä teoreettisia ongelmia ja esitetään, että suhdekokonaisuuksia on mahdollista lähestyä korostamalla Foucault'n metodologiaan liittyvää funktio-käsitettä.
Tutkimuksen lähtökohtana on ollut Foucault'n niin sanottu valta-analyyttinen kausi, eli käytännössä hänen 70-luvun teokset, luennot ja haastattelut. Näissä teksteissä Foucault ottaa käyttöön ja määrittelee dispositif-termin. Funktio-käsitteen voi katsoa olevan sisällä näissä määrittelyissä kuvaten diskurssien ja käytäntöjen välisiä riippuvuussuhteita. Funktio-käsitteen keskeisyydelle Foucault'n ajattelussa on haettu lisäperusteita vetoamalla varsinaisia valta-analyyttisia kirjoituksia edeltäneisiin 1969-vuoden teksteihin. Huomionarvoista on, että funktio-käsite implikoi funktionaalisen yksikön, jota Foucault ei juuri ota puheeksi omissa tutkimuksissaan.
Väite funktio-käsitteen mukanaan kantamasta ongelmallisuudesta on tutkielmassa viritetty peilaamalla Foucault'n dispositifin käyttöä eräitä tulkintoja vasten. Esimerkiksi Martin Kusch ja Gilles Deleuze sitoutuvat Foucault'n julkilausuttuun "alhaalta tulevaan" valta-analytiikan lähtökohtaan ja jättävät siksi vähälle huomiolle funktionaaliseen yksikköön sisältyvän ongelmallisuuden. Molemmat heistä ajautuvat ongelman äärelle, mutta eivät ota sitä suoranaisesti puheeksi. Sen sijaan esimerkiksi Charles Taylor ja Neil Brenner huomiovat, että puheelle funktioista on konstituoitava jokin referenssi (funktionaalinen yksikkö), jotta valtakonseptiossa olisi mieltä. Foucault'n käyttämä strategian käsite palvelee toisinaan tätä tarvetta.
Johtopäätöksenä esitetään yhtäältä, että suhdekokonaisuudet saavat koherenssinsa funktion käsitteestä. Toisaalta esitetään, että näin ymmärretty valtadipositif ei vastaa Foucault'n omia "alhaalta tulevia" intentioita. Kolmantena päätelmänä tai paremminkin todistuksena "alhaalta tulevaa" valtaa vastaan esitetetään, että valta-analytiikalle aksiomaattinen vastarinta-käsite ei näytä saavan täysin perusteltua muotoilua valtadispositifin funktionaalis-teoreettisessa muotoilussa.
Asiasanat:dispositif, funktio, strategia, vastarinta, valta-analytiikka, foucaul
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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