190 research outputs found
Evaluation and optimization of nanosuspensions of Chrysanthemum coronarium and Azadirachta indica using Response Surface Methodology for pest management
No full textThe rapidly emerging field of nanotechnology is considered an important achievement in the agriculture sector to increase the pest mortality rate and improve the crop production. The present study evaluates the novel pesticidal and anti-microbial activities of Chrysanthemum coronarium and Azadirachta indica in the nano-suspensions form. The anti-solvent precipitation method was used to formulate nano-suspensions proposed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Physicochemical nature of plant extracts and nano-suspensions was characterized through analysis of Zeta-sizer, FT-IR, and HPLC. Characterization results revealed a minimum particle size of 121.1 and 170.1 nm for Chrysanthemum coronarium and Azadirachta indica, respectively. The pesticidal activity of nano-suspension was performed against red flour beetle (RFB) and lesser grain borer (LGB) pests, which showed the maximum mortality rate of 100% with 100% concentration of plant extracts and nano-suspensions of Chrysanthemum coronarium and Azadirachta indica against both insects. In comparison, the combination of these both plant extracts revealed the maximum 100% mortality with a 50% concentration of nano-suspensions (mixing ratio 1:1) after 72 h. The antibacterial activity showed the maximum zone inhibition of 9.96 +/- 0.17 and 14.17 +/- 0.50 mm against S. aureus and E. coli with nano-suspension of Chrysanthemum coronarium, and 12.09 +/- 0.11 and 14.10 +/- 0.49 mm with nano-suspension of Azadirachta indica, respectively. It is concluded that individual nano-suspensions showed better pesticidal as well as antimicrobial activities than combinations. However, the constructed nanosuspension can be applied to control the plant pests and diseases simultaneously
Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Self-Medication: A Comparative Analysis among Medical and Non-Medical Students
No full textNot Availabl
منھج المعجم الصغیرلحافظ الطبراني (دراسۃ خاصۃ)
No full textThe article entitled:Method of Al-Mujim-u-Sagheer by Hafiz Al-Tabraani is a comprehensive
study regarding the uniqe method of writing in a valuable book entitled: Al-Mujim-u-Sagheer by a reknowned scholor Hafiz Al-Tabraani. In the begginig of the article,Information regding the life, servises,books and remarkable comments of his conteporary and other scholars have been described. He was born in Akka (The city of Syria). He contributed Islam as Arabic Writer,Liguistic,reformer,juris and Commentators of the meanings of Holy Quran. He became famous due to his prestigious serveses as Islamic reformer.
As concerned,his prestigious book entitled: Al-Mujim-u-Sagheer,the book is an encyclopeadia of Arabic Islamic words terms and ideams.The article provides a door of the city of knowledge to the reader of Quranic and rest of Arabic Islaimic sciences. Method and literary style of Hafiz Tabrani is very remakable.The article reflects his lterary as well as scholarly capabilty of Hafiz Al- Tabraani,his style and method may be follwed by the contemporary Arabic Islamic Scholars
Mathematical analysis and numerical solutions of an integral equation arising from population dynamics
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Kitab ijabat al-sa'il sharh bughyat al-amil nazm al-kafil li-Muhammad ibn Isma`il al-Amir al-San'ani (d.1182H) : dirasat wa-tahqiq min awwal al-Bab al-thalith ila nihayat al-kitab = Kitab Ijabat al-saail sharh bughyat al-aamil nadhm Al-Kafil by Mohammed bin Ismail Al-Ameer Al-Sanaani (1182H) : a study and verification from the First section to the end of the book / Ali Mohammed Al-Sagheer Ahmed
No full textThis is the Master Degree thesis titled Ijabatassaail sharh bughyatu alaamil Nadhmul Kafil in the fundamental principles of Fiqh by Ibn Alamir Alsana’ani, a study and
verification from the third chapter to the end of the book. This book is regarded as one of the important books written by Ibn Alamir Al-Sana’ani in the Fundamental Principles
of Fiqh. Because seekers of Islamic knowledge need to know Ibn Alamir’s fundamental opinions, his position and scientific capacity, his methodology and issues in this book, I have provided this verification of this part of this book. After the introduction, the dissertation involved two sections and a conclusion. In the introduction, I mentioned the motivation behind writing this research, and its objectives, significance and presentation and the questions it answers.
The first section which is the study includes a prelude and a two chapters where the researcher gave an overview about the period of the author, his life and knowledge, his upbringing, plights he faced, his teachers, students, his writings, his strives, position, and his methodology in this book.
The second section which is the verification involves two chapters where the researcher offers the resources of the author and authenticity of relating the book to him, the books manuscripts. Also, the researcher presented his methodology in verifying the book. He provided the previous studies and their methodologies in verification and their positions of weakness. Then, he started verifying the text of the book which contains eight sections and a conclusion about penalties. He began with the third section about implicit and explicit, and ended with the preferred and sound. He found the following results: Ibn Alamir is the first scholar in his time who spread the school of adhering to evidence from the Qur’an and Sunnah in Yemen, excelled his peers in the fundamental Principles of Fiqh, was concerned with rectifying the Zaydi School of Law and freeing it from reprehensible imitation and intolerance and that he enjoyed a well-established personality in his knowledge, Dawah and comprehension of the reality, free from intolerance and reprehensible imitation and obtained the highest position of Ijtihad
Technical and thematic analysis of Muhammad Hasan Alwan’s novel: Mawton Sagheer (Small Death)
No full textMakaleSuudi Arabistanlı genç roman yazarlarından olan Muhammed Hasan Alvân, Mevtun
Sagîrun (Küçük Bir Ölüm) adlı romanında büyük İslâm düşünürü ve tasavvuf âlimi İbnü’l Arabî’nin hayatını konu edinmiştir. Bu hacimli eserde yazar, İbnü’l-Arabî’nin doğum yeri
Endülüs’ten ölüm yeri Şam’a kadarki yaşamını ele almakta olup onun çocukluk, gençlik ve
yaşlılık dönemlerini okuyucularına kendi perspektifinden aktarmaktadır. Eser, İbnü’l Arabî’nin daha çok iç dünyasına odaklanmış; onun sevinçlerini, üzüntülerini, hayal
kırıklıklarını, beklentilerini, düşüncelerinden dolayı çektiği sıkıntıları kurmaca bir şekilde dile
getirmiştir. Ayrıca, romanın arka planında hayatı boyunca gezdiği bölgelerin toplumsal ve
siyasal olaylarını tarih kaynaklarına uygun bir şekilde okuyuculara aktarmıştır. Roman, fasih,
akıcı ve şiirsel bir dille kaleme alınmıştır. Edebî tasvirler ve teşbihlerle, mekân ve zaman
unsurları romanda ustaca işlenmiştir.Muhammad Hasan Alvân, one of the young writers of Saudi Arabia, handled the subject
of Ibn al-Arabi, a great Islamic thinker and Sufism scholar, in his novel Mevtun Sagîrun (A
Little Death). In this voluminous work, the author examines his childhood, youth and old age
from his own perspective to his readers and explains the life of Ibn al-Arabi from his
birthplace of the Andalusia to Damascus. The work is mostly focused on the inner world of
Ibn al-Arabi; his fondness, sadness, frustration, expectations, the fears of his thoughts due
to the fictitious way expressed. In addition, he shared the social and political events of the
regions he traveled throughout his life to the readers in accordance with the sources of
history. The novel was written in a faseeh, fluent and poetic language. He has skillfully
handled in the novel place and time elements with literary images and alchemists
Sustainability of Community-Based Drinking Water Systems in Developing Countries
No full textNote:A basic framework for sustainable community-based drinking water systems (CBDWS) is studied in this research program; it is based on the performance of existing water supply systems and on the responses to a survey by the various stakeholders. A model for overall sustainability was developed and validated through its application to about 70 CBDWS in rural settings of northern areas of ' Pakistan (as part of a developing country case study). In addition, analyses and scenario projections of environmental component of sustainability were made along with detailed analyses and syntheses of statistical surveys to gauge stakeholder perspectives and priorities and to incorporate the results in overall sustainability. The study concluded that sustainable CBDWS can be developed and operated only with active participation of stakeholders (grouped by experience as technical, environmental, economic, social, and institutional). The system must maintain safe and drinkable water resources (environmental considerations) and lso maintain the potential for renewability through technically optimized design, high quality execution and regular infrastructure maintenance in an economically beneficial and self-reliant set-up. Social and institutional involvement must also be an integral part of the system. Failure of any of these components can affect the sustainability of the entire system. A relevant definition for sustainable CBDWS was formulated, along with the development of a new model for CBDWS sustainability. The model showed that. properly maintained sources, proper infrastructure, aware society, stable economy, and effective institutions are linke<! components of a sustainable CBDWS, and failure of any of these components can affect the sustainability of the entire system. Scenarios for population that would be without access to improved drinking water in 2015 were also projected on the basis of a field study. The field study concluded that environmental sustainability in terms of capacity, quality, reliability and protectio of drinking water sources is critical. Projection of the field study fmdings to a broader level shows that unless urgent measures are undertaken, serious fallbacks may occur in the established Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations. In the context of the relevant MDG, such fallbacks can reverse the situation to a previously unsustainable condition. The stakeholder subjectivities and priorities for the various elements of CBDWS were examined and quantifiably incorporated into the system. The environmental and institutional components appeared as higher priorities among the various group stakeholders. The environmental component is a higher priority among stakeholders with natural sciences and engineering backgrounds, whereas institutional component (related to community institutions) is the foremost priority for stakeholders with social sciences backgrounds. Finally, for monitoring and evaluating CBDWS, a cost-effective and user-friendly but well-defmed and systematic applied framework capab e of accommodating field data with varying levels of quality was developed.Un cadre de base pour les systemes d'eau potable communautaires durables (CBDWS) est etudie dans ce programme de recherche, il est base sur la performance des systemes d'approvisionnement en eau existantes et sur les reponses a une enquete menee par les differents intervenants. Un modele de durabilite globale a ete developpee et validee par son application a environ 70 CBDWS en milieu rural des regions du nord du Pakistan (dans le cadre d'une etude de cas de pays en developpement). En outre, les analyses et les projection_s du scenario de composante environnementale du developpement durable ont ete faites ainsi que des analyses et des syntheses detaillees des enquetes statistiques pour evaluer les perspectives et les priorites parties prenantes et d'integrer les resultats en matiere de durabilite globale. L'etude conclut que CBDWS durables peuvent etre developpes et exploites uniquement avec la participation active des parties prenantes (defini dans !'etude:techniques, environnementales, economiques, sociales et institutionnelles). Le systeme doit conserver' des ressources en eau salubre et potable (considerations environnementales) et aussi de mainten'ir le potentiel de renouvellement grace a une conception techniquement optimise, )'execution de haute qualite et unentretien regulier de )'infrastructure d'une maniere economiquement avantageuse et autonomes set-up. L'engagement social ·et institutionnel doit egalement faire partie integrante du systeme. Defaillance d'un de ces composants peut affecter la durabilite de !'ensemble du systeme.Une definition pertinente pour CBDWS durable a ete elabore, avec le developpement d'un nouveau modele de durabilite CBDWS. Le modele indique que les sources sont bien entretenus, infrastructures adequates, la societe consciente, une economie stable et des institutions efficaces sont des elements necessaires et lies d'une CBDWS durables, et l'echec de l'un de ces composantspeut affeder la durabjlite de !'ensemble du systeme. Scenarios pour la population qui seraient sans acces a !'eau potable en 2015 ont egalement ete projetees sur la base d'une etude de terrain. L'etude de terrain a conclu que la durabilite de l'environnement en termes de capacite, la qualite, la fiabilite et la protection des sources d'eau potable est essentielle. Projection des conclusions de !'etude sur le terrain a une plus grande echelle montre que si des mesures urgentes ne sont pasprises, solutions de repli graves peuvent survenir dans les Objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement etablis (OMD) des Nations Unies. Dans le contexte des OMD pertinents, ces solutions de repli peuvent inverser la situation d'un etat precedemment insoutenable. Les subjectivites des parties prenantes et des priorites pour les differents elements de CBDWS ont ete examines et quantifiable incorpores dans le systeme. Les composantes environnementales et institutionnelles sont apparues comme des priorites plus importantes entre les differentes parties prenantes du groupe. La composante environnementale est une priorite plus elevee chez les intervenants en sciences naturelles et en genie milieux, alors que composante institutionn~lle (par rapport aux institutions communautaires) est la priorite pratique pour les parties prenantes avec les sciences sociales milieux. Enfin, pour suivre et evaluer CBDWS, un cadre applique rentable et convivial, mais bien definie et systematique capable de recevoir des donnees de errain avec differents niveaux de qualite a ete developpe
Sustainability of community-based drinking water systems in developing countries
No full textA basic framework for sustainable community-based drinking water systems (CBDWS) is studied in this research program; it is based on the performance of existing water supply systems and on the responses to a survey by the various stakeholders. A model for overall sustainability was developed and validated through its application to about 70 CBDWS in rural settings of northern areas of Pakistan (as part of a developing country case study). In addition, analyses and scenario projections of environmental component of sustainability were made along with detailed analyses and syntheses of statistical surveys to gauge stakeholder perspectives and priorities and to incorporate the results in overall sustainability. The study concluded that sustainable CBDWS can be developed and operated only with active participation of stakeholders (grouped by experience as technical, environmental, economic, social, and institutional). The system must maintain safe and drinkable water resources (environmental considerations) and also maintain the potential for renewability through technically optimized design, high quality execution and regular infrastructure maintenance in an economically beneficial and self-reliant set-up. Social and institutional involvement must also be an integral part of the system. Failure of any of these components can affect the sustainability of the entire system. A relevant definition for sustainable CBDWS was formulated, along with the development of a new model for CBDWS sustainability. The model showed that properly maintained sources, proper infrastructure, aware society, stable economy, and effective institutions are linked components of a sustainable CBDWS, and failure of any of these components can affect the sustainability of the entire system. Scenarios for population that would be without access to improved drinking water in 2015 were also projected on the basis of the field studies. The field studies concluded that environmental sustainability in terms of capacity, quality, reliability and protection of drinking water sources is critical. Projection of these findings to a broader level shows that unless urgent measures are undertaken, serious "fallbacks" may occur in the established Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations. In the context of the relevant MDG, such fallbacks can reverse the situation to a previously unsustainable condition.The stakeholder subjectivities and priorities for the various elements of CBDWS were examined and quantitatively incorporated into the system. The environmental and institutional components appeared as higher priorities among the various group stakeholders. The environmental component is a higher priority among stakeholders with natural sciences and engineering backgrounds, whereas institutional component (related to community institutions) is the foremost priority for stakeholders with social sciences backgrounds. Finally, for monitoring and evaluating CBDWS, a cost-effective and user-friendly applied framework capable of accommodating field data with varying levels of quality was developed.Un cadre de base pour les systèmes d'eau potable communautaires durables (CBDWS) est étudié dans ce programme de recherche, il est basé sur la performance des systèmes d'approvisionnement en eau existantes et sur les réponses à une enquête menée par les différents intervenants. Un modèle de durabilité globale a été développée et validée par son application à environ 70 CBDWS en milieu rural des régions du nord du Pakistan (dans le cadre d'une étude de cas de pays en développement). En outre, les analyses et les projections du scénario de composante environnementale du développement durable ont été faites ainsi que des analyses et des synthèses détaillées des enquêtes statistiques pour évaluer les perspectives et les priorités parties prenantes et d'intégrer les résultats en matière de durabilité globale. L'étude conclut que CBDWS durables peuvent être développés et exploités uniquement avec la participation active des parties prenantes (défini dans l'étude: techniques, environnementales, économiques, sociales et institutionnelles). Le système doit conserver des ressources en eau salubre et potable (considérations environnementales) et aussi de maintenir le potentiel de renouvellement grâce à une conception techniquement optimisé, l'exécution de haute qualité et un entretien régulier de l'infrastructure d'une manière économiquement avantageuse et autonomes set-up. L'engagement social et institutionnel doit également faire partie intégrante du système. Défaillance d'un de ces composants peut affecter la durabilité de l'ensemble du système. Une définition pertinente pour CBDWS durable a été élaboré, avec le développement d'un nouveau modèle de durabilité CBDWS. Le modèle indique que les sources sont bien entretenus, infrastructures adéquates, la société consciente, une économie stable et des institutions efficaces sont des éléments nécessaires et liés d'une CBDWS durables, et l'échec de l'un de ces composants peut affecter la durabilité de l'ensemble du système. Scénarios pour la population qui seraient sans accès à l'eau potable en 2015 ont également été projetées sur la base d'une étude de terrain. L'étude de terrain a conclu que la durabilité de l'environnement en termes de capacité, la qualité, la fiabilité et la protection des sources d'eau potable est essentielle. Projection des conclusions de l'étude sur le terrain à une plus grande échelle montre que si des mesures urgentes ne sont pas prises, solutions de repli graves peuvent survenir dans les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement établis (OMD) des Nations Unies. Dans le contexte des OMD pertinents, ces solutions de repli peuvent inverser la situation d'un état précédemment insoutenable. Les subjectivités des parties prenantes et des priorités pour les différents éléments de CBDWS ont été examinés et quantifiable incorporés dans le système. Les composantes environnementales et institutionnelles sont apparues comme des priorités plus importantes entre les différentes parties prenantes du groupe. La composante environnementale est une priorité plus élevée chez les intervenants en sciences naturelles et en génie milieux, alors que composante institutionnelle (par rapport aux institutions communautaires) est la priorité pratique pour les parties prenantes avec les sciences sociales milieux. Enfin, pour suivre et évaluer CBDWS, un cadre appliqué rentable et convivial, mais bien définie et systématique capable de recevoir des données de terrain avec différents niveaux de qualité a été développé
Efficient energy and memory storage capabilities in optimized BiFeO3/MnMoO4/NiFe2O4 triphasic composites for futuristic multistate devices
No full textThe emergence of multiferroic materials particularly bismuth iron oxide (BiFeO3) with distinctive magnetoelectric, and high energy storage capabilities, present pivotal aspects for next-generation memory storage devices. However, intrinsically weak magnetoelectric coupling limits their widespread applications, that can be leap over by the integration of BiFeO3 with enriched ferroelectric, and ferro/ferrimagnetic materials. Here, a series (1 − x)[0.7BiFeO3 + 0.3MnMoO4] + xNiFe2O4 (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09) is synthesized via citrate-gel based self-ignition, and solid-state reaction routes. Phase purity and crystallinity of tri-phase composites with surfaces revealing random and arbitrarily shaped grains are assured by X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Dielectric studies illustrated non-linear trend for broad range of frequencies as predicted by Maxwell–Wagner theory along with single semicircle arcs in Nyquist plots that exposes grain boundaries effect. An enriched 68.42% of ferroelectric efficiency is featured for x = 0.06 substitutional contents, while magnetic computations demonstrated improved saturation magnetization (Ms), remanence magnetization (Mr), and coercive applied magnetic field (Hc) values as 5.87 emu g−1, 0.96 emu g−1, and 215.19 Oe, respectively for x = 0.09 phase-fraction. The intriguing linear trends of magnetoelectric coupling for all the compositions are corroborating them propitious contenders for futuristic multistate devices.Full Tex
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