875 research outputs found
Razer / Muhammad Akram Ismail
No full textGaming laptops, cellphones, and PC accessories such as mice, audio players, keyboards, mouse pads, and gaming chairs are among Razer's most popular items. Razer also released Razer Comms, a voice-over-internet-protocol (VOIP) programme. In terms of sales volume, the Razer DeathAdder gaming mouse is the company's most popular product. Approximately 5% of professional gamers use Razer mouse. Predatory or poisonous species are named after snakes (mice), insects (mouse mats), arachnids (keyboards), marine animals (audio), and felines (audio) (console peripherals). The Razer Blade and Razer Edge laptops, which are named after bladed objects, are the only exceptions. The goal of this project is to figure out what the product's flaw is. Razer is the company that I have selected. For this review, I choose the Razer BlackShark V2 from the company's different goods. In this case study, I used a SWOT analysis to determine the Razer BlackShark V2's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Inconsistent bass and treble output is the biggest issue I found with this device. Increased noise isolation performance on headsets is the best solution to this problem
Simulation and microfabrication of MEMS vacuum electronic devices for terahertz technology
No full textNumerous applications explore the scarcely used terahertz (THz) band in the electromagnetic spectrum. However, widespread utilization of the THz band is technically challenging, due to the lack of power sources. The power level of the signal generators drastically drops as the frequency approaches the THz frequencies. Moreover, at this frequency range, the attenuation level of electromagnetic waves in the earth atmosphere increases. In vacuum electronics family, traveling wave tube (TWT) has gained particular interest for millimetre-wave and THz signal amplification for high-power and wideband applications. The characteristics of the TWT are mainly represented by the performance of a slow-wave structure (SWS). The SWS in TWT is used to facilitate the input THz signal which gets amplified by the process of the beam-wave interaction. Therefore, an efficient and reliable SWS is an essential aspect of a powerful TWT design.
This thesis proposes a novel SWS, which consists of metal corrugations in the Hplane and E-plane of the rectangular waveguide operated in the fundamental mode. The concept of H-plane and E-plane load shows potential benefits to the THz TWTs, such as excellent linear characteristics, an increased interaction impedance, ultrawide bandwidth, and high-power output. Furthermore, the geometry of the SWS made the fabrication easier by using the available microfabrication techniques. The thesis involves all elements of development from device design, simulations, through material growth and interactive device fabrication to extensive characterization, along with the prototype cold-testing of the scaled-up device.
The proposed SWS is investigated for TWT working at 400 GHz central frequency. The design and simulation of TWT involve three stages, which are high frequency electromagnetic study of a unit cell of the SWS using Eigenmode simulations, scattering parameters or S-parameters analysis of coupler design with the SWS usingtime-domain transient simulations, and beam-wave interaction study using particlein- cell (PiC). The PiC simulations found that this tube can produce an excess of 25 dB small-signal gain with 60 GHz 3-dB bandwidth at 400 GHz central frequency. The LIGA technique was employed to fabricate the 400-GHz E-plane and H-plane loaded SWS. In particular, the KMPR negative tone photoresist was used in the fabrication process. The KMPR mold produced the nearly perfect features of the mask designs, tolerance within the ±2.5 μm of the lateral features and maximum deviation of 20 in the vertical profiles. The experiments for surface roughness study revealed that the interior sidewall roughness of the LIGA-fabricated metal parts was achieved about 20 nm. A diffusion bonding method was employed to attach the two LIGA-fabricated copper parts of the SWS, producing a bonding strength of 25 MPa at 400 0C bonding temperature and with a void-free bonding interface.
A scale-up model of the H-plane and E-plane SWS together with input and output couplers at W-band (85-110 GHz) was designed, manufactured using CNC milling, and verified the electromagnetic characteristics experimentally. The test results of S-parameters agreed with the simulations, S11<-15 dB over a frequency range of 85 GHz - 98 GHz. PiC simulations were also performed to the 93.5-mm length SWS, demonstrating a gain about 24 dB over 89 GHz – 101 GHz. To mitigate the diocotron instability in the sheet-beam transmission, a modified geometry of the sheet beam was employed and analysed through PiC simulations. The robust design and high performance from the H-plane and E-plane loaded SWS suggests that this is a promising candidate for high-power and wideband TWT development in the millimetre and THz frequency ranges
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
The Folio
No full textEditorial. pp. 6; Mian Khalid Javed-The News. pp. 7-11; Tebbe, R. F.-Article-Education and National Development. pp. 12-22; Karim Nawaz-Article-Muslim Contribution to Knowledge. pp. 23-35; Ratliff, Kathy-Article-Reflections of Henry II on the Eve of his Audience with the Pope. pp. 36-41; Hamid, S. A.-A Man of Intellect. pp. 42-45; Wahid Khan-Article-Islam and Socialism. pp. 46-48; Mian Khalid Javed-Interview-Forty minutes with the Principal. pp. 49-52; Qamar Parvaiz Raj-Article-The Psychological Analysis of Grief and its Remedy. pp. 53-55; Mobashir Salah-ud-Din-Story-A Story with a Moral. pp. 56-57; Travellers. pp. 58; Majid Rafique Mir-Story-An Anti Hero. pp. 59-62; Tariq Baseep Shamsi-Liars the Best Entertainers. pp. 63-65; Omar Yusuf Dar-Story-Travelling Third Class. pp. 66-68; Mian Khalid Javed-The Secondary Union. pp. 69; Muhammad Nisar-A Love Letter in Mathematical Terms. pp. 70; Azam Gill-Memories. pp. 71; Zahid Jamil Khan-The Dreamland. pp. 72; Bashir Mahmud Bajwa-Poetry-And I Long for his Mercy. pp. 73; Omar Yusuf Dar-Poetry-The Soul of Night. pp. 74; Mir, M. Rafiq-Poetry-Tongue in Cheek. pp. 74; Majid Rafique Mir-Poetry-Tempest. pp. 75; Khalid S. Shamas-ud-Din-Poetry-Weekend. pp. 76; Syed Hussain Riaz-Poetry-Of War and Peace. pp. 77; The Folio [Urdu/Punjabi] 135 p.Dr R. F. Tebbe, Principal of F. C. College, Lahore. before contents; Sports Council, F. C. College - 1969-70. after contents; Department of Physical Education, F. C. College - 1969-70. 1 page after contents; The Folio, Board of Editors, F. C. College - 1969-70. 2 pages after contents; Muhammad Akram Sheikh, Chief Student Editor. before editorial; Cabinet Members of the Students Union, F. C. College, 1969-70. after page 68; F. C. College Secondary Union, 1969-70. before page 6
Remittances and Poverty Linkages in Pakistan: Evidence and Some Suggestions for Further Analysis
No full textGlobal remittances experienced a dramatic increase over the years, particularly since 1990 wherein the developing world emerged to be the major beneficiary accounting for 60 percent of the total amount. Because of the sheer volume, and magnitude of the remittances, and pre-eminence of these flows compared to the FDIs, development assistance and in some cases the trade related transactions, the development practitioners tended to focus and investigate the importance of remittances which are generally regarded as a dependable source for growth, improved welfare and poverty alleviation in the developing world. Given the fact that remittances flows entail wide ranging ramifications both for sending as well as receiving countries, difficult to be generalised, hence empirical evidence has been mounted though lack of consensus is visible.
Proposal for a New Economic Framework Based On Islamic Principles
No full textThis book provides a holistic socio-economic framework working in conformity with the Islamic principles. Chapter 2 builds the ground for the proposed framework by discussing the foundations of the ethical precepts of Islam. It discusses the thesis of religion, answers some of the questions in the comparative study of religion and tries to resolve few of the misconceptions about the faith of Islam. Chapter 3 outlines the economic teachings of Islam with regard to earning and spending. It discusses at length the ideals Islam set before its adherents in the ethical sphere of life. The ethical principles are discussed based on the study of relevant Quranic text and the narrations of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Chapter 4 studies the comparative economic systems. It analyzes Capitalism, Socialism, Mixed Economy and Islamic economic system. Chapter 5 introduces the salient features of the proposed economic framework with special focus on fiscal reforms. It discusses the potential of the institution of Zakat to meet fiscal needs of the government and to assist it in doing away with deficit financing, fiscal bleeding, crowding out private sector and reducing deadweight loss by parting the way with private sector so as to ensure market economy operating on its own as far as possible and playing an active regulatory role. Chapter 6 introduces the monetary reforms. It discusses how savings would feature despite discontinuation of interest, how inflation will be checked with central banks not having at their disposal conventional OMO, how liquidity will be managed in banking sector when a central bank wants to inject liquidity or mop up funds. How and to what extent the institution of Zakat would enable the government to meet its fiscal targets and does not crowd out private sector with public borrowing. How balance of payments and exchange rate stability can be managed in an interest free economy. If in the short term, the government or central bank needs alternative source of revenue other than Zakat, they can issue GDP linked bonds. This could replace T-bill and provide a base instrument for OMO and liquidity management in the banking and financial sector. Chapter 7 introduces the currently practiced Islamic Banking and Finance. Since Islamic economic principles have more prominently been used in banking and finance, much of the discussion centers on Islamic banking and finance in lieu of analyzing the existing practices and then in the next chapter, preferable alternatives in areas where shortcoming is observed and need for improvement is felt are suggested. Chapter 8 discusses the financial system in the proposed framework with the role of institutions and the discussion on comprehensive need fulfillment mechanisms to serve every major need of a sophisticated contemporary financial system. Some important novel changes are recommended, such as introduction of options in mortgage financing, which will allow the bank to separate the tenancy and sale contract in a distinctive way. This will still ensure that it locks the sale with the borrower or with the third party without making both contracts dependent on each other. It will benefit the bank as well as the borrower, who will have an option but not an obligation to buy the asset at maturity. The modified role of bank entering in a Mudarabah contract as a “Rabb-ul-maal” (investor) will ensure that the bank takes on operational risk. It will enable the resources to go into productive avenues rather than in financial instruments. This modification will generate employment and productive activities in the economy in a more direct manner. The division of Mudarabah corporate and Mudarabah consumer will target two very distinct markets and will result in channeling of funds from saving surplus units to saving-deficient units. Reforms in equity markets and alternatives for insurance are also suggested. Chapter 9 introduces feasibility and structure of Micro credit as an alternative for interest based micro finance. It discusses how the potential obstacles in the form of lack of trust, funding commitment, lack of collateral arrangement, lack of documentation etc would be handled.Interest Free Economy, Islamic Economy, Islamic Economic System, Islamic Monetary Policy, Islamic Fiscal Policy, Interest, Zakat, Riba, Usury, Development, Redistribution, Economic Systems, Financial System, Financial Intermediation, Saving, Investment.
Contribution of Services Sector in the Economy of Pakistan
No full textThe services sector has provided steady support to Pakistan’s economic growth. It share in GDP now stands a more than 50 percent. The paper analyses its continuation in the growth of the economy in general and the development of trade and genera tion of employment in particular. The study identifies the bottlenecks in its growth and suggest measures to remove them. A set of policy reforms has been suggested to make the sector more effective in the growth of the national economy.Services Sector, Industry, Employment, Financial Institutions and Pakistan’s Economy
Towards a process-humanistic interpretation of Islam. An examination of Muhammad Iqbal`s God concept
No full textThis thesis sets out to examine, through a process perspective, the most central element in Muhammad Iqbal`s system of thought, that is, his God concept. Furthermore, I will explore the spatio-temporal possibilities of his concept of God, especially as to the salient features of an Islamic state, as envisioned by Iqbal. My research questions are: (1) “What is Muhammad Iqbal`s concept of God?” and, (2) “Does Iqbal`s God model allow us to theorise and develop a humanistic concept of an Islamic state?” As will be seen, Iqbal`s God concept departs, in some respects, from the classical theistic interpretations depicting God as an all-knowing and all-powerful entity, leaving no scope for human agency. However, Iqbal`s God can be given a “this-worldly” interpretation, in concord with modern humanism. It is also productive of preparing the way for a humanistic concept of an Islamic state, opposed to the present day exponents of militant Islamism and their “black-and-white” Weltanschauung. Also, I will make an attempt to formulate a “process-humanistic” God notion, developing Iqbal`s reflections on God to another level. It is my profound desire that this thesis will also build bridges between Whiteheadian inspired Christian thinkers and reform-oriented Muslims, and to encourage those tendencies which will inspire us to selfless and humble service of God`s creation as an interconnected whole
Hadits sebagai sumber sejarah Nabi Muhammad: Studi komparatif Kitab al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah al-Shahihah karya Akram Diya al-‘Umari dan Kitab al-Shahih min Sirah al-Nabiy al-A’dzam karya Ja’far Murtada al-‘Amili
No full textINDONESIA:
Ada dua karya sirah nabawiyyah yang menyebut kata S{ah}i>h dalam judul bukunya yaitu karya Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari dan karya Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili. dua karya ini menarik untuk diteliti dalam konteks kajian sirah nabawiyyah dengan perspektif teologi dan teori hadits yang berbeda; Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari ditengarai sebagai tokoh yang mewakili aliran Sunni sementara Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili mewakili aliran Syi’ah. Basis validitas hadits pada dua aliran kalam ini berbeda secara tegas; para ahli hadits di kalangan Sunni merujuk pada rentang sanad dengan membuat standar S{ah}i>h, H}asan, D}a’i>f dan Mawd{u’. Sementara di kalangan Syi’ah validitas hadits bertumpu pada otoritas Imam dan atau Ahl al-Bait. Perbedaan tersebut mengisyaratkan adanya paradigma dan validitas data sejarah Nabi Muhammad yang berbeda antara kedua aliran yang kasusnya diwakili oleh dua tokoh tersebut.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui metodologi seleksi hadits sebagai sumber sejarah Nabi Muhammad dari Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari dan Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili, serta Persamaan dan Perbedaan antara keduannya.
Term yang digunakan dalam penulisan sejarah kehidupan Nabi Muhammad Saw, yaitu sirah nabawiyyah untuk mengungkapkan peristiwa-peristiwa penting kenabian sampai yang lebih detail. Validitas informasi tentang sirah ditentukan dari sumber yang diambil. Salah satu sumber sirah Nabi Saw., adalah hadits. Paradigma seleksi hadits berbeda antara aliran kalam Sunni dan Syi’ah. Kajian tokoh tertentu pada dua aliran tersebut merepresentasikan perbedaan sekaligus persamaannya.
Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode analisis komparatif, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research).
Penelitian yang telah dilakukan ditemukan bahwa: 1) Teori hadits Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari yang diaplikasikan pada sirah Nabi Saw., merujuk kepada teori hadits Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah (sunni), 2). Teori hadits Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili yang diaplikasikan pada sirah Nabi Saw., merujuk kepada teori hadits Syi’ah Imamiyah Itsna ‘Asyariah, 3) Persamaan antara teori hadits Akram dan Ja’far adalah pada kategori kualitas hadits S{ah}i>h, H}asan, dan D}a’i>f, sementara perbedaannya pada istilah Muwathaq (pembagian hadits) pada teori Syi’ah yang berpengaruh pada pemikiran Ja’far. Sunni tidak menggunakan istilah Muwathaq. Perbedaan lain adalah pada menilaian terhadap para sahabat Nabi Saw., Akram mengikuti teori al-S}ah}a>bah Kulluhum ‘Udul (semua sahabat ‘adil) sementara Ja’far sebaliknya.
ENGLISH:
There are two books of Sirah Nabawiyyah that mentioned ‘S{ah}i>h’ term on the titles. Those books were written by Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari and Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili which are interesting to be researched through the context of Sirah nabawiyyah in different teology perspective and hadits theory. Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari is assumed as a personage who represents the Sunnis sect while Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili represents the Shia. Hadits validity basis of the two sects is extremely different. The Ahl al Hadits from the Sunnis made refference to four standard categories of Sanad. i.e., S{ah}i>h, H}asan, D}a’i>f and Mawd{u’. Otherwise, in the Shia, hadits validity depends on Imam and or Ahl Bait authority. The distinctions between them indicate the different belief and data validity of the Prophet Muhammad history in term of islam sub-groups.
The objectives of this research are elaborating the metodology of electing hadits as a history source of the Prophet Muhammad saw by Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari and Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili, and understanding the similarity and the difference of both in further.
The term used in writing the life of the Prophet Muhammad saw. is Sirah Nabawiyyah that is intended to reveal the historical events about him in detail way. The information validity of Sirah is determined by the selected source (i.e Hadits). The thought of sects, Sunnis and Shia, in selecting hadits is different and the study of each personages shows the similarity and difference of both.
In this research, the writer used descriptive method with content analysis approach. In further, the data were collected by the library research technique.
The results of the research can be listed as follow, 1) Hadits theory of Akram D}iya’ al-‘Umari applied in the Sirah refers to Hadits theory of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah, 2) Hadits theory of Ja’far Murtad{a al-‘Amili applied in the Sirah refers to Hadits theory of Syi’ah Imamiyah Itsna ‘Asyariah, 3) The similarity between Akram and Ja’far Hadits theory is on Hadist quality categories, i.e., S{ah}i>h, H}asan, D}a’i>f and Mawd{u’. The difference is on the use of term Muwathaq (hadits division). The term is used by the Shia, and its hadits theory affects to Ja’far’s thought, otherwise the Sunnis does not use the term. Another difference was found on the assessment towards the Prophet Muhammad companions. Akram follows the theory of al-S}ah}a>bah Kulluhum ‘Udul (all companions are fair) but Ja’far is on the opposite.
ARABIC:
كان هناك كتابان يكتب في موضوعهما لفظ "صحيح" ومألفهما أكرم ضياء العمري و جعفر مرتضى العاملي. وهذان كتابان مجتذبان للبحث بالنسبة إلى مطالعة السيرة النبوية من ناحية علم الكلام وعلم الحديث المختلف؛ يعتبر أكرم ضياء كالقطب من السني وجعفر مرتضى العاملي من الشيعي. وكان أساس صحة الحديث في هذين المذهبين مختلف بشكل واضح؛ ويشير علماء الحديث من السني إلى مجمعة الحديث الصحيح، والحسن، والضعيف، والموضوع. ويشير علماء الحديث من الشيعي إلى اعتماد صحة الحديث على سلطة الإمام أو أهل البيت. يدل هذا الاختلاف على أن هناك نموذج وصحة البيانات التاريخية للنبي محمد المختلفة بين هذين المذهبين التي يبدأها القطبان.
أما أغراض البحث فهي معرفة طريقة اختيار الأحاديث النبوية كمصدر تاريخي للنبي محمد من أكرم ضياء العمري و جعفر مرتضى العاملي والتشابه والاختلاف بينهما.
المصطلح المستخدم في كتابة تاريخ حياة النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم هو السيرة النبوية للكشف عن الأحداث النبوية المهمة لمزيد من التفاصيل. يتم تحديد صحة المعلومات حول السيرة من المصدر المأخوذ. ومن مصدر السيرة النبوية هو الحديث النبوي. يختلف نموذج اختيار الأحاديث بين السني والشيعي. تمثل دراسة بعض الشخصيات في هذين مذهبين اختلافاتهما وكذلك معادلاتهما.
في هذا البحث، يستخدم الكاتب طريقة وصفية مع نهج تحليل المحتوى (content analysis)، وطريقة جمع البيانات هي دراسة مكتبية (library research).
وينتج من هذا البحث ما يلي: 1) نظرية الحديث عن أكرم ضياء العمري التي تم تطبيقها على السيرة النبوية، تشير إلى نظرية الحديث في أهل السنة والجماعة، 2). نظرية الحديث عن جعفر مرتضى العمالي التي تم تطبيقها على السيرة النبوية، تشير إلى نظرية الحديث عن الشيعة الإمامية إثنا عشرية، 3) المعادلة بين نظريات الحديث في أكرم وجعفر هي في معاير نوعية الحديث من الصحيح والحسن والضعيف، وكان الاختلاف في مصطلح الموثق (تقسيم الحديث) في النظرية الشيعية التي تؤثر على تفكير جعفر. لا يستخدم السني مصطلح الموثق. والاختلاف الآخر هو تقييم صحابة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، حيث اتبع أكرم نظرية الصحابة كلهم عدل (جميع الصحابة عادل)، وكان جعفر هو عكس ذلك
Studies on the Inhibition of Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) by 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one, a Flavonoid from Pistacia chinensis
No full textEctonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) regulates skeletal and soft tissue mineralization by hydrolyzing nucleotide triphosphates and cyclic nucleotides, and is involved in the modulation of immune system. In fact, ENPP1 degrades 2′,3′-cyclic GMP-AMP dinucleotide (2′,3′-cGAMP), which is an agonist of surface receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), thus downregulating immune response. Consequently, ENPP1 inhibitors are being studied as adjuvant agents in infections and cancer. Pistacia chinensis is a medicinal plant endowed with several biological activities and traditional uses. In the current study, we report the isolation of transilitin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one) from the methanolic extract of P. chinensis barks and the investigation of its activity as ENPP1 inhibitor. The compound was tested in vitro against snake venom phosphodiesterase, which is structurally related to ENPP1, and dose-dependently inhibited the enzyme. Moreover, molecular modeling studies were employed to assess the binding motif of the transilitin with the macromolecular target. Our findings support the traditional medical application of P. chinensis and its extracts by shedding new light on the mechanisms underlying their biological action
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