12 research outputs found
Performance of BPSK subcarrier intensity modulation free-space optical communications using a log-normal atmospheric turbulence model
No full textIn this paper, we present simulation results for the bit error rate (BER) performance and the fading penalty of a BPSK - subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM) free-space optical (FSO) communication link in a log-normal atmospheric turbulence model. The results obtained are based on the Monte-Carlo simulation. Multiple subcarrier modulation schemes offer increased system throughput and require no knowledge of the channel fading in deciding what symbol has been received. In an atmospheric channel with a fading strength 2 l ? of 0.1 obtaining a BER of 10-6 using a 2-subcarrier system will require a signal-tonoise (SNR) of 23.1 dB. The required SNR increases with the fading strength and at a BER of 10-9 the fading penalty due to the atmospheric turbulence is ~ 41 dB for 9 . 0 2 = l ? . The comparative studies of the OOK and BPSK-SIM schemes showed that for similar electrical SNR, BPSK-SIM offered improved performance across all range of turbulence variance
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAND COVER CHANGES AND THE SURFACE AREA OF LAKE RANAU
No full textRanau Lake is one of Indonesia's 30 national priority lakes facing pressures from climate change and human activities, negatively impacting its water quality and ecosystem. This study aims to analyze land cover changes in the catchment area, measure the changes in the lake's surface area, and examine the relationship between land cover changes and Ranau Lake's surface area from 2016–2022. The data includes Sentinel-1A IW GRDH imagery, ESRI land cover maps, and Google Earth images. The analysis employed Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification, spatial analysis, and linear regression. The results reveal that water bodies, vegetation, and built-up land categories experienced an increase of 36.78 hectares, 33.96 hectares, and 9.1 hectares, respectively, while bare land decreased by 80.03 hectares. Ranau Lake's surface area increased by 28.3 hectares, showing a significant relationship between land cover changes in water bodies (R² = 99.88%), bare land (R² = 94.92%), vegetation (R² = 66.06%), and built-up land (R² = 56.85%) and the lake's surface area. These findings highlight the critical role of land cover changes in influencing the dynamics of lake surface area, an essential indicator of ecosystem health. This study emphasizes the importance of sustainable land cover management in supporting Ranau Lake's conservation. Continuous use of SAR-based remote sensing technology is recommended for land cover monitoring, enabling data-driven decision-making in water resource management
Pakistani Currency Recognition to Assist Blind Person Based on Convolutional Neural Network
No full textA visually impaired person faces many difficulties in their daily life, such as having trouble finding their ways, recognize the person and objects. One of the crucial problems is to recognize the currencies for a blind or visually impaired person. In this research article, we have proposed a system to recognize a Pakistani currency for a blind or visually impaired person based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). In the proposed system, seven different Pakistani paper currency notes (Rs.10, 20, 50, 100,500, 1000 and 5000) are used for training and testing. Experimental results show that the proposed system can recognize seven notes of Pakistan\u27s Currency (Rs. 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000) successfully with an accuracy of 96.85%
The Israili narrations in the Tafseer Jalalain: An Analytical Study in the light of selected tafaseer
No full textIsrail is a compound word of two Hebrew words; Israa and Eal mean Slave of Allah and in Arabic it is translated as Abdullah, it was a title of the prophet Ya’aqūb and his children are called Bani Israil. Narrations from Bani Israil had been prevalent since the times of the companions of the Prophet as a lot of incidents from Taurat. Zabur and Injeel are also there in the holy Quran. Many incidents are narrated in the Holy Quran very precisely and for the details the prior revealed literature had been consulted, particularly the scholars from the people of Book who converted to Islam. These stories narrated by the companions got communality among the latter Muslims and were used in the interpretation of the holy Quran. Like so many other interpretations of the holy Quran, Tafseer Jalalain bears a lot of narrations from the Israili literature. The interpreter brought the traditions to elaborate the precise events, for reason to reveal of the verses and for the stories of the prophets. But, the interpreter did not mention the status of these narrations and in this article the Israili traditions are analytically studied with respect to some other interpretations
Fiqh muqaran
No full textSlide presentation for "Fiqh muqaran"
Issue 1: Samak and sertu
Issue 2: Istihalah and istihlak
In Islamic teachings, aspects of cleanliness and purification play an important role in the daily life of a Muslim. The two main concepts in the purification of impurity that are often discussed in fiqh are samak and sertu, In Islam, samak and sertu are two different purification processes in terms of their meaning, method, and purpose. Samak is the process of purifying the skin of animal carcasses (other than dogs and pigs) so that it can be used, using substances such as salt, lime or acid. It does not involve ground water. While sertu refers to the process of purifying mughallazah (heavy impurity), which is impurity that comes from dogs and pigs and all their descendants. According to the Syafi'i school of thought, the sertu process must be carried out with one wash using water mixed with pure earth, followed by six washes using absolute water. In short, samak is to purify the skin of animal carcasses while sertu is to purify something that has been touched by dog or pig feces. Both are part of the purification methods in Islam and each has an important role in maintaining cleanliness and purity in the daily lives of Muslims. In the field of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), especially in matters related to food, beverages, and daily-use products, the concepts of istihalah and istihlak are essential in determining the purity and lawfulness (halal status) of a substance. Istihalah refers to the complete transformation of a prohibited or impure substance into a new, pure form. for example, wine naturally turning into vinegar. Meanwhile, istihlak refers to the dissolution of a small amount of impurity into a very large volume of pure substance, to the extent that its original taste, color, and smell can no longer be detected. These concepts are widely applied in the modern food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, especially in addressing issues such as animal-derived ingredients, gelatin, alcohol based compounds, and DNA from impure sources
Kuala Pilah Dairy Products / Wellan Kevin ... [et al.]
No full textOur company and business are run by five main workers which are general manager, marketing manager, financial manager, production manager and admin & hr manager. All manager in charge of their role and we all play important roles in our firm and will make sure its success. According to our observations, we are targeting a broad range of clients because our factory is in the city, where there are more opportunities to get customers and entice them to use our company’s services. Furthermore, our company location is quite important because Kuala Pilah is a potential build area. We feel that our business financial status statement will help us reach our business goal. Our company will provide the best services to our customers in every aspect of our service areas for instance a friendly user website for easier access for customers to purchase our products. Finally, it is our joy to be and meet our customers' expectations to provide the greatest services and satisfy our customers. The target for our company is to be one of the biggest dairy product companies in Malaysia. We sure this can be done because our product will be easier for the people to access. We also look forward to doing some cooperation with other big company that is either in the same field as us or not. This will surely expand our market size and perhaps new products will be introduced. Our company facilities consist of the barn and the shop at the front. Our main focus is the barn and the shop served as the alternative way for people to gain access to our products. This is due to the reason that we distribute our product to many shops located in Negeri Sembilan. The existence of the shop will play it crucial role if most of the shops that we distribute our products running out of stocks. It will also play the crucial role for people that live outside of the Kuala Pilah town such as Kampung Parit Tinggi residence and Kampung Beting residence. The price for our products also pretty much affordable for our customers. This company will surely bring the name of Kuala Pilah products to one Malaysia
Performance Analysis of POX and RYU Based on Dijkstra’s Algorithm for Software Defined Networking
No full textThe rules of comparative fiqh in modern fatwa and legal reform
No full textThis study explores the role of Fiqh Muqaran (comparative Fiqh) in the formulation of modern fatwas and the reform of Islamic legal thought. It focuses on identifying the fundamental principles of comparative Fiqh and analysing its concept and historical development within Islamic scholarship. The research also examines the application of comparative Fiqh in addressing contemporary legal and social issues, particularly within pluralistic societies. Furthermore, it evaluates the strengths of this approach, such as its broad legal perspective and adaptability, as well as the challenges, including doctrinal differences and institutional constraints. The study also highlights how contemporary mujtahids and fatwa institutions approach inter-madhab differences in legal rulings to produce more comprehensive and context-sensitive decisions. This research aims to contribute meaningfully to the understanding of comparative Fiqh as a viable tool for contemporary Islamic legal reform
The authority of public policy and its applications in financial transactions
No full textIstihsan is one of the important methods in fundamental jurisprudence used by scholars to resolve complex legal issues that cannot be resolved through ordinary methods such as analogy or general evidence. This method plays a role in providing flexibility to Islamic law, especially in ensuring its suitability to the current situation and not burdening Muslims. Istihsan tends to choose a better legal settlement based on benefit and justice, as long as it does not conflict with the principles of Sharia. In the context of the development of Islamic law, istihsan emerged as one of the methods of ijtihad that complemented other methods such as analogy, consensus, and reform. Scholars recognize that there are cases in which the use of general evidence or analogy can lead to discomfort (haraj) or injustice. Therefore, istihsan is applied to provide a more appropriate solution while taking into account the tawj. In the context of the development of Islamic law, istihsan emerged as one of the methods of ijtihad that worked to complement other methods such as analogy, consensus, and reform. Scholars recognize that there are cases in which the use of general evidence or analogy can lead to inconvenience (haraj) or injustice. Therefore, istihsan is applied to provide a more appropriate solution, taking into account the purpose of the Sharia (maqasid al-sharia) and the needs of society. Among the objectives are to resolve conflicts between general principles and certain circumstances that require exceptions, to ensure that the rulings issued are in line with the interests of the nation and relevant to the current reality, to avoid difficulties, and to ensure adherence to the principle of justice in all aspects of life, including matters of transactions
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI LONGSOR KAWASAN PATAHAN SEMANGKO MENGGUNAKAN FOTO UDARA UAV (STUDI KASUS: WAY KERAP, SEMAKA, KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS)
No full textWay Kerap, Semaka, Kabupaten Tanggamus yang berlokasi pada 104° 27' 11.68'' BT -6° 30' 7.6'' LS merupakan daerah yang sering mengalami tanah longsor karena berada di daerah yang termasuk ke dalam kawasan patahan Semangko. Patahan Semangko atau biasa disebut Semangko Fault merupakan strike-slip fault yang mengalami pergerakan horisontal, pergerakan ini dapat menyebabkan gempa bumi dan juga longsor dan mempengaruhi topografi di sepanjang jalur patahan tersebut. Untuk itu dilakukan pemetaan foto udara dengan UAV pada daerah penelitian guna mendapatkan kenampakan permukaan bumi dengan resolusi tinggi menggunakan DJI Phantom 4 Pro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktif dari patahan Semangko dan pemetaan kerawanan longsor di daerah penelitian. Data yang digunakan yaitu kemiringan lereng, tutupan lahan, jenis batuan/geologi, jenis tanah dan curah hujan dengan pengolahan menggunakan Agisoft Metashape Professional, PCI Geomatica 2014 dan ArcGIS 10.8. Kerawanan longsor dengan klasifikasi tinggi cenderung berada di dekat patahan Semangko. Pergerakan tanah akibat aktivitas tektonik bisa membuat lereng menjadi lebih curam atau menciptakan celah pada lereng, meningkatkan kerawanannya terhadap longsor, hal tersebut berbanding lurus pada hasil analisis kemiringan lereng yang menunjukkan daerah rawan longsor tinggi ditunjukkan pada kemiringan lereng yang curam hingga terjal yang menjelaskan adanya pengaruh aktif dari patahan Semangko. Daerah penelitian Way Kerap, Semaka, Kabupaten Tanggamus didapati pemetaan kerawanan longsor dengan klasifikasi rendah (9,32 ha), sedang (26,25 ha) dan tinggi (1,91 ha) dengan total luasan daerah penelitian sebesar 37,5 ha
