1,720,975 research outputs found
Crude Protein Degradation Kinetics of Selected Tropical Forages in Buffalo Using NorFor In Situ Standards
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the crude protein (CP) degradation kinetics and
degradability (CPD) of cereal and legume fodder species grown at two geographically
distant locations. Ten forage species, comprising six cereals (barley, maize, millet, oats,
sorghum, and wheat) and four legumes (berseem, jantar, lucerne, and mustard), were
evaluated to determine the effects of forage family, species, and location of growth on CP
degradation fractions and effective CPD. The forage crops were cultivated under uniform
agronomic practices at two distinct agro-ecological locations and were harvested at the
booting stage (cereals) and 50% flowering stage (legumes). Dried and ground samples
were incubated in the rumen of four Nili-Ravi buffalo fitted with rumen cannula. The
incubation periods utilized in the experiment were 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h, and a 4 × 2 × 2
split-plot design was employed. The results showed that the CP degradation fractions
and CPD were significantly affected by forage family, species, and location of growth.
Wide variations in degradation kinetics and degradability existed among and within the
cereal and legume fodders, with wheat and jantar ranked at the top. Legume forages had larger soluble fractions, smaller potentially degradable fractions, and rapid rates and extent
of degradation of dietary proteins than cereal forages. The cooler climatic conditions at
location 2 increased the rapidly degradable protein fraction and overall CPD, whereas
the warmer climatic conditions enhanced the slowly degradable protein fractions, thereby
reducing the overall protein degradability in tropical forages. It was quite evident that
some fodder species, such as maize among the cereal fodders and mustard among the
legume fodders, remained quite non-responsive to the effects of the climatic conditions.
Amoderately positive and linear relationship between the rate of degradation and CPD
was established for cereals, whereas a strongly positive and quadratic relationship was
established for legume fodders. In conclusion, forage species, family, and location of growth
significantly affected the degradation fractions and degradability of tropical cereal and
legume fodders
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Architecture and system level concept for wireless brain machine interface
Get PDFThe recent progresses in the field of medicine and biotechnology have made it possible to implant micro-electronic devices in the human body. In the field of semiconductor technology, the immense progress provides a way for devices at a millimeter scale or less such as micro-implants, but still there are some challenges in the miniaturization of the power source. This is the major hurdle in the development of a BMI device with micro electrodes for clinical use that are less or fully invasive. In upcoming BMI models, it is possible to implant data extraction electrodes and controls the device as a natural part of its representation of the body. As a short term solution for all these vast bulk of implantable electronic devices consists of harvesting components or energy storage. The revolutions and innovations in last era, to develop the interface of neuroscience and engineering lead to the advent of the field of Brain Machine Interfaces (BMIs).
In a BMI system, it is difficult to analyze the brain waves because it carries a large amount of information. Data acquisition unit can receive the particular information through wired or wireless system. The neural recordings will also need to go through a process of pre-signaling for feature extraction and translation algorithm. Brain signal pre-processing can be done by using three methods. These methods are Basic Filtering, Adaptive Filtering and Blind Source Separation. The data from acquisition unit can be sent through a wireless ZigBee/UWB/WiFi module, depending upon the number of electrode arrays used in BMI system.
In this thesis, we have proposed an end-to-end wireless BMI system based on available literature that provides a feasible way for paralyzed patients to communicate and control their muscles and robotic body parts by using their neurological signals. According to this idea, the above mentioned systems can enable a high power efficient and wireless BMI development. From a medical point of view an implantable wireless system is necessary for the applications of invasive BMI to reduce the risk of infection
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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