1,721,707 research outputs found
PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD MUSTAFA AL-A‘ZAMI TENTANG PENULISAN HADIS DAN JAWABAN TERHADAP KRITIK JOSEPH SCHACHT TENTANG KEAUTENTIKAN HADIS
Full text linkAbstrak: Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang pemikiran Muhammad Mustafa al-A‘zami seorang ahli hadis kontemporer yang dikenal dengan kajian kritisnya terhadap teori-teori orientalis Islam di Barat. Kemudian disandingkan dengan pendapat sarjana Barat, yang diwakili oleh Joseph Schacht. Sebagaimana pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemikiran Muhammad Mustafa al-A‘zami tentang penulisan hadis dan jawaban terhadap kritik Joseph Schacht tentang keautentikan hadis. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode analisis. Peneliti menarik kesimpulan pertama yaitu bahwa menurut al-A‘zami telah adanya penulisan hadis Nabi di awal periode Islam, namun mengenai penulisan hadis di awal periode ini ada sebagian golongan yang mengingkari fakta tersebut. Kedua yaitu kritik yang dibuat Joseph Schacht bukan hal baru karena sebagaimana pengakuannya hanyalah penyambungan ide dari gagasan-gagasan orientalis seperti Ignaz Goldziher. Kata Kunci: kritik hadis, al-A‘zami, Joseph Schach
Argumen-argumen Muhammad Mustafa ’Azami dalam Mempertahankan Keotentisitas H̱adȋts Nabi SAW
Full text linkSalah satu persoalan penting yang sudah lama menjadi perdebatan dikalangan pengkaji ẖadȋts pada saat ini adalah persoalan apakah hadits itu benar-benar bersumber dari Nabi atau ẖadȋts itu buatan orang-orang abad ke dua hijriyah. Anggapan itu muncul karena isnad lahir pada abad ke dua atau ketiga hijriyah. Dari persoalan inilah, muncul para ulama ẖadȋts yang berusaha untuk mempertahankan keotentikan ẖadȋts, di antaranya argumen-argumen Muhammad Mustafa ‘Azami.
Dari latar belakang itulah muncul beberapa permasalahan, yaitu bagaimana konsep ulama ẖadȋts tentang keotentisitas ẖadȋts?, bagaimana argumen ‘Azami dalam mempertahankan keotentikan ẖadȋts Nabi Saw?, dan bagaimana kekurangan dan kelebihan dari Argumen ‘Azami?.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research) yang berusaha menemukan dan menggali wacana argumen-argumen Muhammad Mustafa ’Azami dalam mempertahankan keotentikan ẖadȋts Nabi Saw. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-analisis, yaitu penelitian yang menggambarkan mengenai argumen-argumen dalam mempertahan keotentikan hadis Nabi Saw. mengacu kepada pandangan Mustafa al-‘Azami dalam membantah argumen dari sarjana Barat non-Muslim. Selanjutnya, gambaran tersebut kemudian dirumuskan dan dianalisis untuk memunculkan hasil analisis obyektif mengenai kriteria keotentikan hadits menurut Mustafa al-‘Azami.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ilmu ẖadȋts yang berhubungan dengan keotentikan ẖadȋts itu sendiri. Di antaranya ilmu ẖadȋts yang berhubungan dengan kriteria keshahihan/keotentikan suatu ẖadȋts dan kritik matn dan sanad, yaitu yang berkenaan dengan Itishal al-Sanad (Sanadnya Tersambung), Adalat al-Rawi (Rawinya Adil), Dhabith al-rawi (Kemampuan Rawi Memelihara H̱adȋts), tidak Syadzdz, dan tidak ada ‘Illaṯ.
Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Mustafa ‘Azami benar-benar dapat membuktikan dengan argumen-argumennya bahwa ẖadȋts Nabi Saw. Benar-benar otentik berasal dari beliau, dan tidak alasan untuk kita menolak dan tidak mempercayai bahwasanya ẖadȋts adalah sesuatu bertita yang tidak berdasar dari Nabi Saw. Di antara argumennya adalah M.M.’Azami menolak terhadap argumen barat dengan membuktikan fakta-fakta sejarah, sosio kultural dan lain-lain
Investigating enterprise application integration (EAI) adoption in the local government authorities (LGAs)
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.This thesis focuses on investigating Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) adoption in the Local Government Authorities (LGAs). EAI has emerged to support organisations to integrate their Information Technology (IT) infrastructures and deliver high quality of services. Despite the fact that several private and public organisations have adopted EAI, its application in LGAs is limited. This may illustrate that LGAs develop EAI solutions at a slower pace and they can be characterised as a laggard comparing to other sectors. The small number of EAI applications in LGAs has resulted in limited research in this area with many issues, like its adoption requiring further investigation. Literature indicates various models that analyse various factors influencing EAI adoption in the private and public domain. However, the applicability and validity of these models is arguable and under research in LGAs, as these were proposed to support the decision-making process in other sectors and not in LGAs. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, none of the existing EAI adoption models explored the importance of factors during different phases of the adoption lifecycle. Notwithstanding, the implications of EAI have yet to be assessed, leaving scope for timeliness and novel research. Thus, the researcher demonstrates that it is of high importance to investigate this area within LGAs and result in research that contributes towards successful EAI adoption. This thesis makes a step forward and contributes to the body of knowledge as it: investigates factors influencing the decision making process for EAI adoption in LGAs (Figure 3.2),
analyses and proposes the adoption lifecycle phases (Figure 3.3), maps and prioritises the importance of EAI adoption factors on different phases of the adoption lifecycle (Chapter 5 for empirical results) and in doing so, to propose a model for EAI adoption in LGAs (Figure 3.7). The researcher claims that such an EAI adoption process in LGAs is significant and novel as: it extends established norms for EAI adoption, by including Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique for prioritising the importance of factors, thus, enabling LGAs to produce more robust proposals for EAI adoption. The researcher discusses on EAI adoption by using a qualitative, interpretive, multiple case study research strategy. Findings from three case organisations exhibit that such an approach contributes towards more robust decisions for EAI adoption and indicates that it is acceptable by the case organisations. Despite these results cannot be generalised, yet they can allow others to relate their views with the ones reported in this thesis. This thesis proposes, tests and presents a novel model for EAI adoption in LGAs and contributes to the body of knowledge by extending the literature
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
MUHAMMAD MUSTAFA AZAMI: Kontribusi Pemikiran dan Bantahannya Terhadap Kajian Hadis Di Kalangan Orientalis
Full text linkOne of the controversial opinions of orientalists about hadith is that hadith is not as authentic as Muslims believe. According to orientalists, it is difficult to trust the hadith literature as a whole as an authentic record of all the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad. This speculation caused reactions from Muslim scholars, including Muhammad Mustafa Azami. Azami found that the orientalists' doubts about the sanad system were caused by their methodological errors in studying the sanad system. This is because they generally do not examine the chain of transmission based on the main books of hadith, but on the books of fiqh and sirah which are compiled in a different way from the books of hadith. Azami refuted the conclusions of the orientalists by proving the authenticity of the hadith with various approaches. These include comparing the hadiths of many students' narrations with those of their teachers, comparing the statements of scholars from different times, comparing them with written documents, and comparing the hadiths with relevant verses of the Koran
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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