44 research outputs found
1) Al-Madaris as-Salihiyya (Mosquée d'as-Salih Ayyoub)
No full textSimaïka Marcus H., Shafik Muhammad, Greg Robert Hyde, Sayyed Ahmad el-, Sayed Metoualli, Pauty Edmond. 1) Al-Madaris as-Salihiyya (Mosquée d'as-Salih Ayyoub). In: Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe. Fascicule 36, exercice 1930-1932, 1936. p. 52
The application of Shari’ah and international human rights law in Saudi Arabia
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel UniversityThe present dissertation provides an analytical and comparative study of the application of Islamic law (Shari’ah) and international human rights law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It provides an analysis of the sources of Islamic law as well as the sources of international law to set the background for analysis and defines the nature of both laws. It also tackles the subject of the domestic application of international human treaties in Saudi Arabia.
In addition, it examines some reservations Saudi Arabia has entered to some of the international human rights treaties it has ratified, specifically the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). It also sheds some light on the political, cultural and religious obstacles to the realisation of norms protected by international human rights treaties in the country, and in other countries for that matter, clearly stating the impossibility of implementing the provisions of the international human rights treaties in their entirety. This is due to the various political and legal developments towards the internationalization of the concept of human rights. It observes that despite the existence of the international human rights treaties, which aim at reinforcing a universal realisation of international human rights, these rights cannot be possibly realised by all countries.
To stress the importance Saudi Arabia attaches to the issue of human rights, the dissertation discusses some rights of women before Saudi courts in family matters, an issue which has been criticised by some international human rights treaties, and examines to what extent the country has managed to tackle the issue of domestic violence, particularly violence against women. It provides an overview of the major causes of domestic violence against women in Saudi Arabia, presents some cases of domestic violence before Saudi courts and sheds some light on the measures taken by the Saudi government to combat domestic violence against women. It also tackles this issue both in the international and domestic legal frameworks, clearly stating the Islamic standpoint on the issue, namely that Islamic law, and Saudi Arabia for that matter, whose laws are essentially derived from the two main sources of Shari’ah. It also discusses the common forms of violence against women in Saudi Arabia and suggests a number of recommendations towards more effective protection of women against violence in the country.
The dissertation concludes by presenting a number of obstacles in the way of executing judicial decisions in the Kingdom as well as the obstacles which negatively affect the performance of the new code of law practice. It also presents some recommendations concerning personal status law obstacles and hindrances to progress and attempts to answer the research questions it has posed
Essays on Inflation and Output-Growth Dynamics in Developing Economies
No full textThis dissertation empirically investigates the dynamics of the nexus between inflation and output-growth in developing economies, with a particular focus on the economy of Pakistan. The first essay examines the ‘inflation-growth nexus’ by considering sectoral growth data of 113 developing economies. Research at the aggregate level yields mostly ambiguous results. Here, we perform a disaggregated analysis of inflation and output growth. For each sector— agriculture, industry and services — inflation and value-added sectoral growth, for the period 1981-2015, are considered, and sectoral inflationary spillovers are captured. Empirical analysis reveals that three major sectors of the economy react differently to various impulses of inflation, and the significance of sectoral-inflation is evidenced. Inflation is found to be detrimental to the growth of industrial sector only, and, when sectoral-inflation is accounted for, no significant impact of inflation is found in services and agricultural sectors. The policy relevance for developing economies is that the central banks of these economies must carefully consider the differing consequences of their actions on individual sectors while taking into consideration the value-added share of each sector in the respective economy. The second essay sheds light on the nexus by augmenting the basic model with an interaction term of inflation and the value-added share of agricultural sector in total output. By placing emphasis on sectoral heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence over the period 1974-2013, the empirical findings are consistent with a negative relationship. An annual increase of 10 percent in average inflation rate tends to reduce GDP growth by 0.12–0.20 percentage points. However, once the sectoral heterogeneity existing in sectors is taken into account, there exists a threshold level of 50 percent value-added contribution of the agriculture sector to the GDP growth, beyond which the relationship becomes positive. The third essay develops a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model for Pakistan and 32 trading partners, to illustrate the dynamics of inflation and output. After taking into account the impact of increasing interdependencies, trade spillovers and changing global conditions, the general impulse response function (GIRF) analysis revealed that the impacts of shocks to foreign variables (such as US real GDP, oil and food prices) are transmitted rapidly, and put forward a significant impact on key variables. However, the responses differ across economies. The findings indicate that, since Pakistan is increasingly integrated with key global players, worldwide developments play a crucial role in explaining major domestic variables. Inflation in Pakistan is driven more strongly by the global changes in oil and food prices than GDP. For monetary policy formulation, the essay suggests that the central bank should take into account developments in inflation-output dynamics of Pakistan’s major trading partners.eingereicht von Muhammad AyyoubDissertation Universität Linz 201
Essays on Inflation and Output-Growth Dynamics in Developing Economies
No full textThis dissertation empirically investigates the dynamics of the nexus between inflation and output-growth in developing economies, with a particular focus on the economy of Pakistan. The first essay examines the ‘inflation-growth nexus’ by considering sectoral growth data of 113 developing economies. Research at the aggregate level yields mostly ambiguous results. Here, we perform a disaggregated analysis of inflation and output growth. For each sector— agriculture, industry and services — inflation and value-added sectoral growth, for the period 1981-2015, are considered, and sectoral inflationary spillovers are captured. Empirical analysis reveals that three major sectors of the economy react differently to various impulses of inflation, and the significance of sectoral-inflation is evidenced. Inflation is found to be detrimental to the growth of industrial sector only, and, when sectoral-inflation is accounted for, no significant impact of inflation is found in services and agricultural sectors. The policy relevance for developing economies is that the central banks of these economies must carefully consider the differing consequences of their actions on individual sectors while taking into consideration the value-added share of each sector in the respective economy. The second essay sheds light on the nexus by augmenting the basic model with an interaction term of inflation and the value-added share of agricultural sector in total output. By placing emphasis on sectoral heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence over the period 1974-2013, the empirical findings are consistent with a negative relationship. An annual increase of 10 percent in average inflation rate tends to reduce GDP growth by 0.12–0.20 percentage points. However, once the sectoral heterogeneity existing in sectors is taken into account, there exists a threshold level of 50 percent value-added contribution of the agriculture sector to the GDP growth, beyond which the relationship becomes positive. The third essay develops a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model for Pakistan and 32 trading partners, to illustrate the dynamics of inflation and output. After taking into account the impact of increasing interdependencies, trade spillovers and changing global conditions, the general impulse response function (GIRF) analysis revealed that the impacts of shocks to foreign variables (such as US real GDP, oil and food prices) are transmitted rapidly, and put forward a significant impact on key variables. However, the responses differ across economies. The findings indicate that, since Pakistan is increasingly integrated with key global players, worldwide developments play a crucial role in explaining major domestic variables. Inflation in Pakistan is driven more strongly by the global changes in oil and food prices than GDP. For monetary policy formulation, the essay suggests that the central bank should take into account developments in inflation-output dynamics of Pakistan’s major trading partners.eingereicht von Muhammad AyyoubDissertation Universität Linz 201
Inflation-growth nexus in developing economies: New empirical evidence from a dis-aggregated approach
No full textThis study challenges the traditional way of examining the "inflation-output growth nexus". Research at the aggregate level yields mostly ambiguous results, we perform a dis-aggregated analysis of output growth and inflation. For each sector - industry, services and agriculture - we consider inflation and the value-added growth in a sample of 113 developing (low and middle income) economies over the period 1974-2013. Empirical investigation reveals that different sectors of the economy respond differently to various impulses of inflation. Specifically, inflation impacts the growth of industrial and services sectors negatively; whereas a growth enhancing relationship has been found for the agriculture sector. We further calculated a threshold level, for each sector, beyond which inflation is harmful to growth. These are 13.48 %, 14.48 %, 15.37 % and 40 % for aggregate GDP, industrial, services and agriculture sectors respectively. This implies that the central banks of developing economies must weigh the varying consequences of its actions on individual sectors bearing in mind each sector's share in the respective economy
Socioeconomic Determinants of Demand for Life Insurance in Pakistan: A Time-Series Analysis
No full textThis study examines the determinants of life insurance demand in Pakistan using time series data from 1985 to 2023. The objective is to analyze the short- and long-term relationship between the demand for life insurance and socioeconomic factors. The study finds that the net premium insurance amount, real GDP per capita, and population are stationary at first difference, while the interest rate, savings, and inflation are stationary at the level. The ARDL (1, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3) model is selected based on the Akaike information criterion. The Bound F-test confirms the existence of a long-term relationship between the variables. In the short-run, the interest rate has an insignificant positive relationship with life insurance demand at first difference; however, it has a significant negative relationship at the first and second legs. Real GDP per capita has a significant positive relationship with life insurance demand, while population and savings are significantly and positively associated with life insurance demand. Inflation has a significant positive impact on life insurance demand. The error correction term is significantly negative, indicating the adjustment towards the long-run equilibrium. In the long-run, interest rate, population, and real GDP per capita positively and significantly affect life insurance demand, while savings and inflation have a negative and significant impact
Developing In-House Digital Tools: Case Studies From the UMKC School of Law Library
No full textThe author describes his experiences working in the Leon E. Bloch Law Library designing and prototyping in-house digital tools to improve communication among internal and external stakeholders. The projects discussed include a custom study room schedule application syncing university calendar to affordable tablets to increase staff productivity, an online data visualization dashboard to help digest large and complex sets of data for better understanding and decision making, and a mobile application to offer students and community an easy access to library resources and services. In addition, the author calls for the need to engage in innovative and experimental practices in libraries by encouraging collaboration with external partners to help develop new services and improve existing ones
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Developing In-House Digital Tools: Case Studies From the UMKC School of Law Library
No full textThe author describes his experiences working in the Leon E. Bloch Law Library designing and prototyping in-house digital tools to improve communication among internal and external stakeholders. The projects discussed include a custom study room schedule application syncing university calendar to affordable tablets to increase staff productivity, an online data visualization dashboard to help digest large and complex sets of data for better understanding and decision making, and a mobile application to offer students and community an easy access to library resources and services. In addition, the author calls for the need to engage in innovative and experimental practices in libraries by encouraging collaboration with external partners to help develop new services and improve existing ones
Developing In-House Digital Tools
No full textThe author describes his experiences working in the Leon E. Bloch Law Library designing and prototyping in-house digital tools to improve communication among internal and external stakeholders. The projects discussed include a custom study room schedule application syncing university calendar to affordable tablets to increase staff productivity, an online data visualization dashboard to help digest large and complex sets of data for better understanding and decision making, and a mobile application to offer students and community an easy access to library resources and services. In addition, the author calls for the need to engage in innovative and experimental practices in libraries by encouraging collaboration with external partners to help develop new services and improve existing ones. </jats:p
What Drives Inflation-Output Tradeoff Dynamics in Pakistan? An Assessment of International Linkages and Global Trends
No full textThis article illustrates the dynamics of and tradeoff between inflation and output in Pakistan by utilizing data on 18 major trading partners in a cointegration analysis. In doing so, we use key features of the global vector autoregressive approach to construct a model that captures foreign-specific variables related to Pakistan; these are analyzed empirically along with domestic data for the period 1972–2014. Our findings show that, after accounting for the impact of increasing interdependencies, trade spillovers and changing global macroeconomic conditions, a long-run equilibrium relationship exists between domestic inflation and output. The foreign variables have a significant impact on the key domestic variables. In particular, domestic inflation and trade openness, foreign inflation and world oil prices have significant explanatory power for Pakistani output. Policymakers in Pakistan should therefore account for global developments, specifically in trading partner economies
