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PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM CUMA-CUMA PADA PERKARA PIDANA DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKSES KEADILAN BAGI MASYARAKAT KURANG MAMPU DI SUMATERA UTARA
Full text linkBantuan hukum bagi fakir miskin merupakan jawaban atas persamaan dihadapan hukum yang perlu diatur dalam undang-undang, dengan adanya Undang-Undang Bantuan Hukum maka persamaan di hadapan hukum dan akses keadilan bagi masyarakat dapat terwujud. Pentingnya persamaan di hadapan hukum dalam memperoleh akses keadilan, maka pemerintah kemudian membuat aturan hukum (regulasi) yang memberikan jaminan bagi masyarakat kecil (marginal) untuk mendapat akses keadilan dengan diterbitkanya Undang-Undang No. 16 Tahun 2011 Tentang Bantuan Hukum. Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah, maka ditentukan rumusan masalah sebagai berikut: 1). Bagaimana pemberian bantuan hukum cuma-cuma terhadap peningkatan akses keadilan bagi masyarakat kurang di Sumatera Utara?, 2). Apakah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian bantuan hukum dalam meningkatkan akes keadilan bagi masyarakat kurang mampu di Sumatera Utara?, 3). Bagaimana konsep pemberian hukum yang ideal dalam meningkatkan dan mewujudkan bantuan hukum berkeadilan bagi masyarakat kurang mampu di Sumatera Utara? Penelitian ini tergolong jenis penelitian yuridis empiris yang bersifat analisis deskriftip. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan konseptual. Pemberian bantuan hukum cuma-cuma terhadap peningkatan akses keadilan bagi masyarakat kurang di Sumatera Utara dilaksanakan oleh organisasi bantuan hukum yang telah ditelah diverifikasi dan terakreditasi oleh Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, dalam hal ini proses verifikasi dilakukan oleh Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum dan HAM provinsi Sumatera Utara. Pemberian bantuan hukum dilaksanakan oleh OBH yang telah terakreditasi terhadap masyarakat dengan beberapa ketentuan dan syarat, yaitu tergolong masyarakat kurang mampu (miskin). Pemberian bantuan hukum dalam meningkatkan akes keadilan bagi masyarakat kurang mampu di Sumatera Utara dipengaruhi oleh Substansi hukum, struktur hukum dan budaya hukum masyarakat. Pengaruh substansi hukum, yaitu belum adanya sinkronisasi aturan pelaksanaan bantuan hukum yang diatur dalam KUHAP dengan Undang-Undang Bantuan Hukum. Pengaruh struktur hukum, yakni berkaitan dengan integritas dari LBH dan rendahnya kemauan para advokat dalam memberikan bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma. Hal ini dapat dilihat kurangnya antusiasme dari advokat untuk bergabung dalam LBH yang telah terakreditasi. Pemberian bantuan hukum juga dipengaruhi oleh Budaya Hukum, yakni berkaitan dengan kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang masih rendah untuk menggunakan jasa bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma. Konsepsi pemberian hukum yang ideal dalam meningkatkan dan mewujudkan bantuan hukum berkeadilan bagi masyarakat kurang mampu di Sumatera Utara, yaitu konsep bantuan hukum konstitusional dan konsep bantuan hukum kesejahteraan (Bantuan Hukum Integratif Responsif). Kedua konsep ini cukup ideal, karena sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi dan cita-cita bangsa Indonesia, yaitu menciptakan kesejahteraan umum yang berkeadilan sosial.
Kata Kunci: Bantuan Hukum, Akses Keadilan, Masyarakat Kurang Mampu.
ABSTRACT
Legal aid for the poor is the answer to equality before the law that needs to be regulated in law, with the Law of Legal Assistance, equality before the law and access to justice for the community can be realized. The importance of equality before the law in obtaining access to justice, then the government then create a rule of law (regulation) that provides a guarantee for the small (marginal) to get access to justice with the issuance of Law no. 16 Year 2011 About Legal Aid. Based on the background of the problem, the following problem formulation is defined: (1) How is the provision of free legal aid to increasing access to justice for the poor in North Sumatra ?, (2) What are the factors that affect the provision of legal aid in increasing the access of justice for the poor in North Sumatra?, (3) What is the ideal concept of legal giving in promoting and realizing equitable legal aid for the underprivileged in North Sumatra?, This research is classified as empirical juridical research which is descriptive analysis. In this study used the approach of law and conceptual approach. Provision of free legal aid to increase access to justice for the poor in North Sumatra is carried out by legal aid organizations that have been verified and accredited by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, in this case the verification process is carried out by the Regional Office of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Sumatra North. The provision of legal aid is carried out by OBH who has been accredited to the community with some terms and conditions, which are classified as poor (poor). The provision of legal aid in increasing the access of justice for the underprivileged in North Sumatra is influenced by the legal substance, legal structure and legal culture of society. The influence of the substance of the law, namely the absence of synchronization of legal aid implementation rules set out in the Criminal Procedure Code with the Law of Legal Assistance. The influence of the legal structure, which is related to the integrity of LBH and the low willingness of advocates in providing free legal aid. It can be seen that the lack of enthusiasm from advocates to join in LBH has been accredited. The provision of legal aid is also influenced by the Legal Culture, which is related to the legal awareness of the people who are still low to use legal aid services for free. The ideal concept of legal giving in promoting and realizing equitable legal aid for the underprivileged in North Sumatra, namely the concept of constitutional legal aid and the concept of legal welfare assistance (consept integratif responsif). Both of these concepts are quite ideal, because in accordance with the mandate of the constitution and the ideals of the Indonesian nation, which is to create a common welfare with social justice.
Keywords: Legal Aid, Access to Justice, Disadvantaged People
Penegakan Hukum Keimigrasian Terhadap Warga Negara Asing Yang Menyalahgunakan Izin Tinggal Kunjungan Di Indonesia
Full text linkPenelitian ini mengkaji penegakan hukum keimigrasian terhadap Warga Negara Asing (WNA) yang menyalahgunakan izin tinggal di Indonesia. Namun, kehadiran WNA seringkali melibatkan pelanggaran aturan keimigrasian, seperti overstay yang mempengaruhi regulasi dan kebijakan keimigrasian. Perlunya hukum yang berbasis internasional untuk mengatur izin tinggal menjadi krusial dalam menghadapi tantangan ini. Meskipun kedatangan WNA dapat memberikan dampak positif seperti peningkatan pariwisata dan investasi, juga ada risiko dampak negatif, termasuk keamanan dan ketahanan nasional. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif, mengumpulkan data melalui studi kepustakaan terkait penyalahgunaan izin tinggal oleh WNA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perlunya penegakan hukum yang tegas melalui tindakan administratif, penyidikan, dan penindakan terhadap pelanggaran keimigrasian. Meskipun upaya ini penting untuk menjaga kedaulatan negara, masih terdapat kendala seperti kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaporkan pelanggaran, serta keterbatasan anggaran dan sumber daya manusia dalam penegakan hukum keimigrasian. Kesimpulannya, penegakan hukum keimigrasian di Indonesia memerlukan koordinasi lintas sektoral yang kuat, peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat, serta reformasi dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia dan anggaran untuk meningkatkan efektivitasnya. Langkah-langkah ini diperlukan untuk menjaga kedaulatan negara serta memberikan keadilan dalam penegakan hukum keimigrasian terhadap WNA di Indonesia
Related Case Of Current Process Of Claiming Oleh Children Through Restorative Justice In The Way Of Law Polres Binjai
Full text linkTraffic accidents involving juvenile perpetrators often raise controversy in the implementation of criminal law, causing much polemic. The view that the legal process should be carried out and enforced without the rule of law and law enforcement is that the "passage" that includes the delict of guilt, that is, at the time of driving the vehicle to cause the occurrence of an accident and resulting death of the victim, should still be processed legally. The large number of traffic accidents involving minors is a serious concern for parents and governments. The State of Indonesia guarantees a basic principle of the application of the law to the child, which we can see in Article 16, Paragraph 3, of the Act No. 35 of 2014 on the Protection of the Child, which states that “arrest, detention, or criminal imprisonment is only carried out when it is in accordance with the applicable law and can only be done as a last resort. The concept of restorative justice in the settlement of traffic accident cases is intended to realize a shift of the criminal settlement process out of the criminal court process and resolved through the process of divorce. The police action in settling the traffic accident case by a minor child is to begin with the operation of the Place of Evidence of Things (TCP), to make news of the event, to carry out the investigation process, and to give time to the victims and perpetrators to punch. From this process begins the restorative justice, so that if the victim and the perpetrator are willing to peace and the offender is willing to pay damages, the parties make a peace declaratio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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