34 research outputs found
PRARANCANGAN PABRIK METANOL DARI BATUBARA DENGAN PROSES GASIFIKASI KAPASITAS 500.000 TON/TAHUN
No full textINTISARI
Muhammad Arif Maulana dan Muhammad Solich Wicaksono, 2013, Prarancangan Pabrik Metanol dari Batubara dengan Proses Gasifikasi, Kapasitas 500.000 Ton/Tahun, Program Studi S1 Reguler, Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
Metanol yang dikenal sebagai metil alkohol adalah senyawa kimia dengan rumus kimia CH3OH. Pada "keadaan atmosfer" metanol berbentuk cairan yang ringan, mudah menguap, tidak berwarna, mudah terbakar, dan beracun jika terminum bisa menimbulkan kebutaan dengan bau yang khas. Metanol digunakan sebagai refrigerant, anti beku, pelarut, bahan bakar, dan bahan baku industri MTBE, asam asetat,formaldehid. Prarancangan pabrik metanol kapasitas 500.000 ton/tahun dengan bahan baku batubara 1 kg/kg produk, Air 1,19 kg/kg produk, Udara 2,65 kg/kg produk, CaO 0,015 kg/kg produk. Pabrik direncanakan berdiri di Tanjung Enim, Sumatera Selatan pada tahun 2015. Metanol dihasilkan dari proses gasifikasi batubara dengan cara mereaksikan oksigen dan batu bara dalam bentuk slurry dalam reaktor Gasifier pada kondisi non-isotermal non-adiabatik dengan suhu 1316-1700 °C dan tekanan 52,18 bar.
Unit pendukung proses pabrik meliputi unit kebutuhan air, steam, udara tekan, tenaga listrik dan bahan bakar. Kebutuhan utilitas meliputi air (air sungai) sebanyak 5,22 m3/ton produk dan listrik sebesar 9,24 kWh/ton produk. Pabrik juga didukung laboratorium yang mengontrol mutu bahan baku dan produk sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diharapkan. Selain itu terdapat unit pengolahan limbah yang menangani limbah baik padat, cair, maupun gas yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi.
Bentuk perusahaan adalah Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dengan struktur organisasi line and staff. Jumlah kebutuhan tenaga kerja sebanyak 0,596 manhour/ton produk.
Hasil analisis ekonomi diperoleh, ROI sebelum dan sesudah pajak sebesar 55,90% dan 41,92%, POT sebelum dan sesudah pajak selama 1,52 dan 1,93 tahun, BEP 42,95% dan SDP 27,16%. Sedangkan DCF sebesar 36,71%. Dengan spesifikasi biaya per kg produk, FCI sebesar Rp 7.294,-,WC sebesar Rp 2.688,-, total biaya produksi per tahun sebesar Rp 11.578,-, dan harga jual produksi per tahun sebesar Rp 15.655,-. Jadi dari segi ekonomi pabrik tersebut layak untuk didirikan
Tinjauan Karakteristik Batubara Asal Sulawesi Tengah Dan Pengaruhnya Dalam Proses Konversi Menjadi Bahan Bakar Cair
No full textKarakteristik batubara seperti calorie value, proximate, ultimate, kandungan maseral dan mineral memiliki pengaruh yang cukup signifikan pada proses konversi batubara peringkat rendah menjadi bahan bakar cair. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik batubara asal Sulawesi Tengah yang terdiri dari kabupaten/kota seperti Donggala, Sigi, Morowali, Buol dan Banggai Kepulauan terhadap kinerja proses konversi menjadi bahan bakar cair melalui metode piolisis. Metodologi penelitian, yaitu melakukan review terhadap literatur yang relevan dengan karakteristik batubara asal Sulawesi Tengah dan pengaruhnya terhadap proses konversi menjadi bahan bakar cair. Berdasarkan karakteristik berupa calorie value, proximate, ultimate, kandungan maseral dan mineral dari batubara asal Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan menunjukkan karakteristik sebagai batubara terbaik asal Sulawesi Tengah untuk dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar cair melalui metode pirolisis. Dengan, karakteristik batubara, yaitu: (1) calorie value berada pada interval 5.600-5.700 kkal/kg; (2) proximate, yaitu: moisture 4,77%; volatile matter 42,67%; fixed carbon 38,06%; ash content 12,45%; dan total sulfur 2,05%; (3) ultimate, yaitu: karbon 65,33%; hidrogen 4,55%; nitrogen 1,64%; sulfur 2,54%; dan oksigen 25,94%; (5) komposisi maseral dan mineral, yaitu vitrinit 86,85%; inertinit 0,45%; liptinit 1,45%; clay 7,90%; Fe Oksida 2,10%; dan pirit 1,25%
Strategy for Empowering School Dropouts Through Learning Houses in Realizing Continuing Education in the Fisherman Village of Medan Belawan, Medan City
No full text57 HalamanLatar belakang masalah dalam skripsi ini adalah banyaknya anak – anak yang putus sekolah dan masih sedikit jumlah yang bisa menyelesaikan studi ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi.Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor di antaranya jarak yang jauh antara tempat tinggal dan sekolah, pendapatan yang belum memadai, serta sarana dan prasarana pendidikan yang kurang.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor – faktor penyebab anak putus sekolah dan strategi pemberdayaan anak putus sekolah melalui rumah belajar dalam mewujudkan pendidikan berkelanjutan di Kampung Nelayan Medan Belawan Kota Medan.Teori yang digunakan adalah Arif Satria yaitu faktor dalam diri anak, lingkungan, kebudayaan, ekonomi, pendidikan orang tua, dan faktor lainnya.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dimana dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari beberapa faktor seperti faktor dalam diri anak, lingkungan, kebudayaan, ekonomi, pendidikan orang tua, dan faktor lainnya itu masih belum sepenuhnya maksimal karena anak – anak putus sekolah lebih memilih untuk bekerja agar faktor – faktor tersebut dapat terpenuhi, strategi pemberdayaan anak putus sekolah melalui rumah belajar dalam mewujudkan pendidikan berkelanjutan sudah efektif dalam penanggulangan anak putus sekolah melalui pembelajaran seperti menari, theater, dan berwirausaha.The background of the problem in this thesis is the number of children who aredrop out of school and there are still a few who can complete their studies at the levelhigher. This is caused by several factors including distancefar between residence and school, inadequate income, as welllack of educational facilities and infrastructure. This research aims toknow the factors that cause children to drop out of school and strategiesempowerment of school dropouts through learning houses in realizingcontinuing education in the Kampung Nelayan Medan Belawan Medan City. The Theory Used is Arif Satria namely factors in the child, environment, culture, economy, parental education, and other educations.The research method used is a qualitative method by means ofobservation, interview and documentation. The results showed that fromseveral factors such as factors in children, environment, culture, economy, education, and other factors are still not fully maximized becauseout of school children prefer to work in order factorscan be fulfilled, strategies to empower school dropouts through the homelearning in realizing continuing education has been effective inovercoming school dropouts through learning such as dancing, theater, and entrepreneurship
Green Economy-Based Tourism Village Development Strategy in Denai Lama Village, Deli Serdang
No full textThis study aims to find out how the main priority strategy for the development of a Green Economy-based tourism village in Denai Lama Village, Deli Serdang, is by presenting the internal and external conditions that have been carried out so far. Then in addition, the researcher also explained some of the handling urgency that needs to be implemented so that the development of Green Economy-based tourist villages can be more focused. The method used is a qualitative method using SWOT analysis and QSPM. The number of respondents who filled out the questionnaire was 5 respondents from SMEs in the market and 5 respondents from experts. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the strategy quadrants obtained after being processed in the IFE and EFE matrices are in Quadrant I. This indicates that the strategy used is a progressive strategy. This strategy means that tourism villages have strengths and opportunities. Furthermore, in the QSPM analysis, the results show that the main priority strategy that must be carried out is to make the entertainment of native Indonesian art a characteristic of your market so that it attracts the attention of local and foreign tourists
ANALISIS PROBLEMATIK PENGELOLAAN DANA HAJI DIKANTOR KEMENTRIAN DEPARTEMEN AGAMA SUMATERA UTARA
No full textThe Hajj Fund Financial Management Agency at the Ministry of Religious Affairs in North Sumatra is a general policy that becomes the basic concept of the Hajj Finance Management Agency in carrying out Hajj Fund Management as stated in Law Number 34 of 2014, Government Regulation Number 5 of 2018, In implementing the management of hajj funds requires organizational governance that is in accordance with the duties and provisions. The purpose of this study is to find out the analysis of the problematics of managing hajj funds, solving problems of the phenomenon and knowing the strategies and benefits in managing hajj funds. By using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Descriptive method is used to provide an overview/explanation of a problem. The implementation of Hajj Fund management for Problem Solving at the Hajj Financial Management Agency in North Sumatra has been maximally completed in collaboration with other institutions in accordance with the mission and vision of the Ministry of Religion in North Sumatra, which is to improve the Quality of Hajj Services
Determinants of Foreign Investment on Economic Growth in North Sumatra Province
No full textThis study aims to look at the determinants of foreign investment on economic growth in North Sumatra province from 2011 to 2023. The variables of foreign investment determinants are inflation, minimum wage, and labor. Data collection techniques using secondary data, namely annual reports published by the government, data analysis techniques using panel data tests, model suitability tests, panel data regression common effect models (CEM), multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, t-tests, F tests, and determination coefficients processed with Eviews 9 software. The results of this study indicate that the determinants of foreign investment partially with the inflation variable do not affect economic growth, the minimum wage variable has a negative and significant effect on economic growth by 1.58 percent, the labor variable has a positive and significant impact on economic growth by 1.25 percent and simultaneously the determinants of foreign investment have a positive and significant effect on economic growth with a contribution of 35.16 percent
Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Penurunan Pendapatan Masyarakat di Bukit Lawang Menurut Ekonomi Islam
No full textThe tourism sector is one of the biggest foreign exchange earners for Indonesia, it can be seen how the government focuses on the development of tourism throughout the country. Bukit Lawang is a small village located 90 kilometers northwest of Medan, North Sumatra. The village, which is part of the Bahorok District, is famous for its swift and clear river currents and is a place for observing wild Sumatran orangutans in the protected forest area of Gunung Leuser National Park. This type of research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach with interview data collection methods to informants. The research location is in Bukit Lawang Village, Bahorok District. It was found that the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the income of the community around the Bukit Lawang tourist attraction has decreased significantly. The income of people working in the tourism sector who are entrepreneurship both in the business of goods and services around the Bukit Lawang tourist attraction, which was initially classified as stable, decreased by 70% to 100%. lazy informants in looking for other alternatives. Awareness of responsibility as the head of the family and awareness of religious orders is very minimal seen in the lack of prayer, fasting and paying zakat
Green Economy-Based Tourism Village Development Strategy in Denai Lama Village, Deli Serdang
No full textThis study aims to find out how the main priority strategy for the development of a Green Economy-based tourism village in Denai Lama Village, Deli Serdang, is by presenting the internal and external conditions that have been carried out so far. Then in addition, the researcher also explained some of the handling urgency that needs to be implemented so that the development of Green Economy-based tourist villages can be more focused. The method used is a qualitative method using SWOT analysis and QSPM. The number of respondents who filled out the questionnaire was 5 respondents from SMEs in the market and 5 respondents from experts. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the strategy quadrants obtained after being processed in the IFE and EFE matrices are in Quadrant I. This indicates that the strategy used is a progressive strategy. This strategy means that tourism villages have strengths and opportunities. Furthermore, in the QSPM analysis, the results show that the main priority strategy that must be carried out is to make the entertainment of native Indonesian art a characteristic of your market so that it attracts the attention of local and foreign tourists.
This study aims to find out how the main priority strategy for the development of a Green Economy-based tourism village in Denai Lama Village, Deli Serdang, is by presenting the internal and external conditions that have been carried out so far. Then in addition, the researcher also explained some of the handling urgency that needs to be implemented so that the development of Green Economy-based tourist villages can be more focused. The method used is a qualitative method using SWOT analysis and QSPM. The number of respondents who filled out the questionnaire was 5 respondents from SMEs in the market and 5 respondents from experts. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the strategy quadrants obtained after being processed in the IFE and EFE matrices are in Quadrant I. This indicates that the strategy used is a progressive strategy. This strategy means that tourism villages have strengths and opportunities. Furthermore, in the QSPM analysis, the results show that the main priority strategy that must be carried out is to make the entertainment of native Indonesian art a characteristic of your market so that it attracts the attention of local and foreign tourists
Strategi Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Pariwisata Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Mandailing Natal Perspektif Ekonomi Islam Dengan Pendekatan QSPM
No full textMandailng Natal regency is one of the parisiwata sectors that have the potential to be managed, developed and socialized to the wider community. There are 150 tourist destinations in almost every district. The results of the review found that about 65 percent of tourist attractions in Mandailing Natal Regency have not been managed properly. Attractions that have the potential to attract more visitors if developed with a good strategy. The purpose of the study is to analyze tourism management and development strategies in increasing community income in Mandailing Natal Regency. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods, data collected by conducting interviews and dissemination of quantoners and then the data that has been collected is analyzed using QSPM analysis. The results of the study are, the right strategy applied based on QSPM analysis related to four analyses is to increase the conscious socialization of tourism to the community, improve the quality of touris
Strategi Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Pariwisata Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Mandailing Natal Perspektif Ekonomi Islam Dengan Pendekatan QSPM
No full textMandailng Natal regency is one of the parisiwata sectors that have the potential to be managed, developed and socialized to the wider community. There are 150 tourist destinations in almost every district. The results of the review found that about 65 percent of tourist attractions in Mandailing Natal Regency have not been managed properly. Attractions that have the potential to attract more visitors if developed with a good strategy. The purpose of the study is to analyze tourism management and development strategies in increasing community income in Mandailing Natal Regency. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods, data collected by conducting interviews and dissemination of quantoners and then the data that has been collected is analyzed using QSPM analysis. The results of the study are, the right strategy applied based on QSPM analysis related to four analyses is to increase the conscious socialization of tourism to the community, improve the quality of touris
