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Hadis-Hadis Yang Pemahamannya Dipengaruhi Oleh Kaidah Ushul Fiqh (Studi Fiqh Hadis)
Get PDFHadis adalah sebuah berita yang berasal dari ucapan Bagina Nabi saw 14 abad
silam. Oleh sebab itu menentukan validitas hadis merupakan kerja keras yang sangat
tinggi. Ditambah lagi, tatanan Bahasa, tempat dan kultur budaya yang berbeda membuat
kompleksitas hadis bertambah rumit. Terkadang hadis yang disabdakan Nabi saw terikat
oleh peristiwa tertentu. Terkadang hadis yang diucapkan Baginda Nabi saw memiliki
sebab tertentu. Terkadang pula hadis-hadis Nabi saw memiliki tatanan Bahasa yang harus
dikaji sangat mendalam untuk sebuah kesimpulan yang benar. Maka dari itu, untuk
mengatasi kompleksitas pemahaman hadis, ulama terdahulu telah meletakkan rumusanrumusan
pemahaman
yang
tak
lain
adalah
ushul
fiqh
dalam
mengkaji
hadis
agar
terhindar
dari
kesesatan
pemahaman.
Namun
dengan
berlalunya
waktu
dan
berkembangnya
zaman,
ada
beberapa hadis nabi yang pemahaman teksnya tidak relevan lagi pada zaman
sekarang sehingga membutuhkan pemahaman konteks. Di sini para ulama kontemporer
memutar pikiran untuk menemukan pemahaman kontekstual hadis demi menjawab
masalah-masalah baru pada perkembangan zaman. Untuk menjaga pemahaman hadis
agar tidak menyimpang dari pemahaman salaf, maka perlu memperhatikan aspek ushul
fiqh dalam mengkaji hadis.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan yang berusaha
menghimpun data penelitian dari khazanah literatur dan menjadikan dunia teks terutama
kitab-kitab hadis dan ushul fiqh sebagai obyek utama analisisnya. Hadis-hadis yang
diteliti pada penelitian ini ada tiga; hadis tentang larangan perempua menjadi pemimpin,
hadis tentang larangan perempuan berpergian tanpa ditemani mahramnya dan hadis yang
menyatakan semua bid’ah sesat. Hadis-hadis ini diteliti dengan menganalisis sanadnya
dari takhrij hingga analisis kualitas hadis dan matannya dengan menganalisis pemahaman
tekstual, kontekstual dan pemahaman melalui pendekatan kaidah ushul fiqh.
Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa memahami hadis secara
tekstual dan kontekstual memiliki perbedaan pemahaman yang sangat mendasar.
Memahami hadis secara tekstual sangat terikat dengan teks-teks hadis secara harfiah dan
membuat pemahaman menjadi beku. Berbeda dengan pemahaman hadis secara
kontekstual, pemahaman dengan cara ini lebih tidak terikat pada teks dan lebih sesuai
dengan tuntutan perkembangan zaman. Sedangkan pemahaman hadis melalui pendekatan
ushul fiqh, kadangkala hasilnya sesuai dengan pemahaman tekstual kadangkala sesuai
pula dengan pemahaman secara kontekstual. Dan dalam penerapannya, untuk memahami
hadis (fiqh hadis) melalui pendekatan ushul fiqh, maka harus terlebih dahulu
memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah yang bersangkutan dengan hadis yang diteliti
Understanding Religious Moderation and Hadith Towards Religious Tolerance Among Lecturers at UIN Sumatera Utara
No full textThis study aims to examine the understanding of students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra towards the concept of religious moderation and tolerance-themed hadiths, and to instill them in their attitudes in a pluralistic academic environment. Using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Informants were selected purposively from various scientific backgrounds relevant to the issue of Islam and interfaith tolerance. The results of the study indicate that most lecturers understand religious moderation within a normative framework, with an emphasis on the values of tawasuth, tasamuh, adl, and musawah. Lecturers with a background in hadith science interpret hadith contextually and inclusively, especially in responding to the pluralistic social reality of Indonesia. In contrast, lecturers from non-hadith fields tend to use a literal approach or ignore the relevance of tolerance hadiths in teaching practices. In the context of academic life, most lecturers show an open attitude towards differences through active participation in interfaith activities. However, challenges are still faced in the form of sectarian bias, lack of lecturer training, and the influence of identity politics. This study recommends strengthening cross-disciplinary disciplines, integration of climate based on maqasid al-shariah and moderation, and institutional collaboration with figures and institutions of different faiths. This study provides an important contribution in the approach to developing living hadith and internalizing the value of religious moderation in Islamic higher education environments as an effort to build an inclusive and peaceful academic culture
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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