246 research outputs found
Repurposing FDA approved drugs against monkeypox virus DNA dependent RNA polymerase: virtual screening, normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics simulation studies
No full textZoonotic monkeypox disease, caused by the double-stranded DNA monkeypox virus, has become a global concern. Due to the absence of a specific small molecule drug for the disease, this report aims to identify potential inhibitor drugs for monkeypox. This study explores a drug repurposing strategy using virtual screening to evaluate 1615 FDA approved drugs against the monkeypox virus DNA dependent RNA polymerase subunit A6R. Normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics simulation assessed the flexibility and stability of the target protein in complex with the top screened drugs. The analysis identified Nilotinib (ZINC000006716957), Conivaptan (ZINC000012503187), and Ponatinib (ZINC000036701290) as the most potential RNA polymerase inhibitors with binding energies of - 7.5 kcal/mol. These drugs mainly established hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with the protein active sites, including LEU95, LEU90, PRO96, MET110, and VAL113, and residues nearby. Normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stability of interactions between the top drugs and the protein. In conclusion, we have discovered promising drugs that can potentially control the monkeypox virus and should be further explored through experimental assays and clinical trials to assess their actual activity against the disease. The findings of this study could lay the foundation for screening repurposed compounds as possible antiviral treatments against various highly pathogenic viruses
Portable traffic light system / Mohamad Fairuz Ahmad and Muhammad Abrar Abdul Hamid
Full text linkThis thesis is about the design and development of the prototype of portable traffic light system with one indicator display instead of three. This thesis includes the review of current traffic light system with three indicators which includes the calculation for timer of the traffic light based on the speed and the length of the vehicle. This portable traffic light prototype is not designed to be used at the junction as normal traffic light but to be used as temporary traffic flow control when a stretch of two ways road or two lanes is under circumstances of only one lane can be used. Therefore this traffic light will allow the flow of traffic in one direction alternatively. There will be only two poles of this traffic light called main pole and sub pole. Firstly, a lot of researches and surveys conducted to get as much as possible information on how to design the best prototype ever. The research also includes the study of the hardware used in the prototype. The design begins with the decision of the hardware to be used so that software can be designed afterward. The software is designed using flow chart before write the program codes using PIC assembly language. Simulation is used to help debugging the software and to ensure the success of software design. Then the real development is started with hands on activities to build the modules for the traffic light. Generally, there are five modules build. These modules are voltage regulator, controller, relay, user control panel and lastly traffic light indicator. Voltage regulator is designed using power transistor 2N3055 because the prototype consumes current more than the conventional 7805 could support. The controller used PIC18F4550 microprocessor which then connected to relay module to drive the high current to traffic light indicator module. The user control panel module is just added feature to allow user to set timer for green time of the traffic light. To satisfy the portable functionality, this prototype will run on battery
Al-Sharif Al-Radi: His Life and Poetry
Full text linkThe aim of this work is to study al-Sharif al-Radl, his life and poetry. The first part deals with the poet’s environment and life; the second with his poetry. Chapter I deals with the political conditions under which the poet lived. The purpose of the second chapter is to portray Al-Radl's social environment and its reflection in contemporary poetry. The third chapter describes the literary environment of Al-Radl's age at some length. The fourth chapter aims to study Al-Radl's life in detail. The factors which influenced his outlook and personality are discussed. An attempt is made to discern how far these factors affected his poetry. The second part of this work deals with Al-Radl's poetry itself. In Chapter V historical observations are made on Al-Radl's Diwan o in both manuscript and published forms. Chapter VI deals with his panegyrics. General remarks are made on eulogy in Arabic poetry. The content, form and development of Al-Radl's panegyrical odes are analysed. His Ikhwaniyyat receive special attention. Chapter VII deals with Al-Radl's self-praise its content and form. An endeavour is made to explore the Utopian world which the poet tried to portray, Al-Radl's elegies (Ch. VIII). their content, form and characteristics are reviewed. In addition, his dirges on women receive attention. Shi ism in Al-Radl’s poetry is discussed in Chapter IX, Al-Radl’s love-poetry (Ch. X) is discussed. His Hijaziyyat receive particular attention. It is claimed that Al-Radl’s produced in his Hijaaiyyat a poetical amalgam which contains some aspects of ‘Udhrite and ’Umarite poetry. Chapter II deals with Al-Radl's poetical technique. His theories of poetical composition and his comments on other poets are examined. A comparison is made between Al-Radl and other poets both previous and contemporary. Special attention is paid to al-Mutanabbi's influence. In Chapter XII there is a broad re-assessment of Al-Radl’s place in the history of Arabic poetry
Non-linear relationship between oil and cryptocurrencies: evidence from returns and shocks
No full textThe price instabilities between oil prices and cryptocurrencies have motivated the current study to examine the nonlinear relationship between oil returns/shocks and cryptocurrencies during March 3, 2018 to October 10, 2021. We employed a novel methodology of cross-quantilogram to unveil the nonlinearity and asymmetry between oil shocks and cryptocurrencies. We find that when markets are normal and bullish, there is a positive correlation between oil returns and cryptocurrency returns at first lag; however, there is a negative correlation between oil returns and cryptocurrencies in all market conditions. Moreover, rising fluctuations in oil demand shocks brings significant movement in cryptocurrency returns in bearish market conditions and it is unlikely that oil demand shocks and cryptocurrencies returns move in same directions. Given these results, we proposed useful implications for policymakers, strategists, regulators, financial market participants, and investors to hedge/diversify their risk.</p
Rainfall Extremes: a Novel Modeling Approach for Regionalization
No full textThe rainfall events of extreme magnitude over the past few decades have caused destructive damages to lives and properties, especially in the subcontinent (e.g. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh etc). Rainfall hazard maps for these areas can be of great practical and theoretical interests. In our work, we used extreme value analysis and spatial interpolation techniques to provide such maps through a combination of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Precipitation (TRMM) 3B42 product and raingauge data. This mixed approach takes advantage of both the long time series available at a limited number of stations, and the large spatial coverage of the satellite data which, instead, has a poor temporal extent. The methodology is implemented by (1) creating a unique growth curve for the homogeneous region by utilizing in-situ rainfall data and (2) mapping the parameters of intensity-duration functions for the entire length of the study area by using TRMM 3B42 product. The regional results obtained by using mixed approach and TRMM 3B42 are compared with the estimates obtained by using in-situ data. The comparison showed that the overall output of mixed approach is more consistent with what transpired by in-situ data for a pre-defined return period
PEMIKIRAN SYAIKH ABDUL QODIR JAILANI TENTANG AWAL PENCIPTAAN MAKHLUK DALAM KITAB SIRR AL-ASRAR WA MAZHAHIR AL-ANWAR FIY MA YAHTAJ ILAIHI AL-ABRAR (Analisis Perspektif Muhadditsin)
Full text linkABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul: ““PEMIKIRAN SYAIKH ABDUL QODIR JAILANI TENTANG AWAL PENCIPTAAN MAKHLUK DALAM KITAB SIRR AL-ASRAR WA MAZHAHIR AL-ANWAR FIY MA YAHTAJ ILAIHI AL-ABRAR (Analisis Perspektif Muhadditsin)”. Latar belakang dari kajian ini yaitu terdapat hadis yang diragukan kualitas dan maknanya. Adapun rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini, Pertama, Bagaimana Kualitas Hadis Tentang Awal Penciptaan Makhluk Dalam Kitab Sirr al-Asrar Wa Mazhahir al-Anwar Fiy Ma Yahtaj Ilaihi al-Abrar?. Kedua, Bagaimana Makna Hadis Tentang Awal Penciptaan Makhluk Dalam Kitab Sirr al-Asrar Wa Mazhahir al-Anwar Fiy Ma Yahtaj Ilaihi al-Abrar?. Berikutnya jenis ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif sesuai dengan objek kajian ini, maka jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori penelitian kepustakaan (libarary research). penelitian ini mendeskriptifkan sebuah kajian lewat analisis. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, Pertama, hadis yang ditakhrij ditinjau dari kajian penisbatan pada setiap sanad hadis tersebut, maka dapat diketahui bahwa hadis tersebut adalah hadis yang marfu’ sampai kepada Rasulullah SAW.,. Ditinjau dari segi kualitas pada hadis jalur Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidzi dan Ahmad bin Hanbal tersebut, maka jatuh pada kualitas Shahih Lighairihi. Kedua, makhluk yang pertama diciptakan Allah adalah al-Qolam menurut para Muhadditsin dan begitu juga pemikiran Syaikh Abdul Qodir al-Jailani, hanya saja shaikh Abdul Qodir berbeda dalam menjelaskan tentang al-Qolam, yang mana bahwa Makhluk Awal Mula Penciptaan adalah Ruh Muhammad yang mana Ruh Muhammad berasal dari al-Qolam, lalu dijelaskan al-Qolam punya nama lain yaitu Nur, Ruh dan Akal, dari apa yang telah dimaksudkan, itu semua berasal daripada satu hakikat sebagai ciptaan awal permulaan yakni Haqiqatul Muhammadiyah/Nur Muhammad
Formulation design and development of matrix diffusion controlled transdermal drug delivery of glimepiride
Full text linkMuhammad Rouf Akram,1 Mahmood Ahmad,1 Asad Abrar,1 Rai Muhammad Sarfraz,2 Asif Mahmood3 1Faculty of Pharmacy & Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan; 2Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; 3Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan Background: The present work was conducted to prepare and evaluate transdermal patches with optimization of suitable polymeric blend of poly(meth) acrylates (Eudragit®) (Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Ph Eur) for sustained transdermal delivery of glimepiride. Method: Polymeric matrix transdermal films were prepared by using Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Ph Eur RL 100 and Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Ph Eur RS 100 as the film former, and dibutyl phthalate (30% w/w) as the plasticizer. Patches were characterized by physical appearance, thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, percentage erosion, swelling index, moisture content, and moisture uptake capacity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies and differential scanning calorimetry analysis of physical mixtures of contents were performed to identify any chemical and physical interaction between drug and excipients. Five different enhancers (isopropyl myristate [IPM], Span® 80, Tween® 20, eucalyptus oil, and limonene) were employed at three different concentrations of polymer (2%, 5%, and 10% w/w) in order to enhance permeation through rabbit skin. In vitro drug release studies were performed at pH 7.4, and scanning electron microscopy was conducted to elucidate surface morphology before and after the drug release. In vitro permeation studies through rabbit skin were performed on Franz diffusion cells and permeation kinetics followed the Higuchi model. Results: Results of in vitro permeation studies revealed that these enhancers not only increased drug release but also augmented the skin permeation of glimepiride. Conclusion: IPM was the most effective enhancer with the highest permeation flux of 51.763 μg/cm2/hr, and the enhancement effect of different enhancers on glimepiride permeation through rabbit skin was in the rank order of IPM > eucalyptus oil > Span® 80 > Tween® 20> limonene. Keywords: transdermal patches, polymers, transdermal, permeation enhancers, glimepirid
Assessment of poisonous and anti-nutritional compounds in wild edible forages consumed by ruminant species
No full textThe present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-nutritional composition of the wild plantsof Soon Valley, Khushab, Pakistan. Anti-nutritional components posed a high risk to health for theruminants. So it is very important to estimate the range of anti-nutritional compounds present inthe wild plants which are used as forage by the ruminants of this area. Anti-nutritional compounds,such as terpenes, tannins, saponins, phytate, alkaloid, cyanide and oxalate were analyzed. Highestterpene contents (200.33%) were showed by Digitaria sanguinalis, Erigeron divergens showedmaximum alkaloid contents (0.93%) while highest cyanide value was observed in Achnatherumhymenoides (0.57%). Excluding cyanide, all anti-nutritional components showed significantvariation in all plant species. The values of anti-nutrients observed in the present study are belowthan the toxic levels. Bulk consumption of monotypic edible parts of plant during one meal maylead to nutritional and health problems. However, traditional methods help to lower down theanti-nutritionals and their respective risks. Similarly, wild edible plants can also be used toimprove the living security and thus reduce the starvation due to the millennium developmentgoal
Dialek Daerah pada Percakapan Bahasa Arab Santri di Pesantren: Studi Kasus Pada Pesantren Pendidikan Islam Darul Abrar Bone
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the absorption process of regional dialects in the Arabic conversation of class VIII students at KMI PPI Darul Abrar Bone. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a sociological approach. The results showed that the absorption of regional dialects in the Arabic conversations of class VIII students at KMI PPI Darul Abrar occurred due to environmental factors that still lingered and influenced them, spontaneous factors the effect of the lack of Arabic vocabulary they mastered, and the use of code mixing between Arabic and regional dialects. they. This absorption has an impact on the inability of students to understand language differences well, and their low mastery of Arabic vocabulary. The expected solution is to get used to using good and correct language, using various learning techniques, and applying the audiolingual method to the learning process. The implication of this research is the presence of awareness among teachers that the process of learning Arabic has not been maximized so far, so it is hoped that the solutions offered can be realized optimall
AKTOR PEMBENTUK JARINGAN PESANTREN DI SULAWESI SELATAN 1928-1952
Full text linkAnre Gurutta Haji (A.G.H) Muhammad As’ad is one of the actors of forming Islamic Boarding Schools in South Sulawesi. He went back from Makkah and went to Sengkang-Wajo in 1928. He graduated from al-Falah Makkah Mukarramah. He studied to the great Ulamas in the Mesjidil Haram (Haram Mosque). Among of his teachers were Syekh Abdul Rasyid al-Bugis, Syekh Ambo Wellang al-Bugis, Syekh Abbas Abdul Jabbar al-Bugis, Syekh Mallawa al-Bugis, Syekh Umar Hamdani (the traditional expert), Syekh Ahmad Azdirin, Syekh Jamal Makki, Syekh al-Abrar, Syekh Muhammad Said al-Yamani, and Syekh Hasan al-Yamani. Another students of A.G.H Muhammad As’ad who helped as teachers such as A.G.H Abdurrah-man Ambo Dalle, A.G.H Daud Ismail, A.G.H Yunus Maratn, Hamzah Badawi, Abdul Malik Muhammad, A.G.H Muhammad Abduh Pabbaja, Abdul Muin Yusuf, and Abdul Azis (North Luwu)
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