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ANALISIS MAQĀṢID ASY-SYARĪ’AH TERHADAP PRAKTIK ZAKAT DI DESA PUCANG MELALUI BAZIS DESA
Full text linkPraktik zakat di pedesaan memiliki ciri khas tersendiri. Muzaki memberikanzakat secara langsung kepada mustahik yang menurut muzaki perlu diberi zakatsehingga lebih bersifat santunan. Hal ini berakibat tidak meratanya pembagianzakat dan kurang fungsional. Berdirinya BAZIS desa Pucang merupakan suatuterobosan di lingkup pedesaan yang memungkinkan zakat dikelola secara produktif
dan merata. Lembaga pengelolaan zakat di pedesaan merupakan model transisi daripola tradisional menuju model manajemen modern sehingga menarik untuk diteliti.Praktik zakat di pedesaan melalui BAZIS meliputi pengumpulan, pendistribusiandan pendayagunaan zakat. Kajian ini akan menganalisis praktik zakat di pedesaandalam perspektif Maqāṣid asy-Syarī’ah ala Jasser Auda.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan jenispenelitian kualitatif (qualitative research). Metode penelitian ini adalah preskriptifanalitisfilosofis yang digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik, proses dandinamika pengelolaan zakat di pedesaan dan dianalisis menggunakan kerangkateori Maqāṣid asy-Syarī’ah. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara, data laporantahunan, tulisan, dan dokumen-dokumen yang terkait. Sedangkan bahan datasekunder diambil dari buku-buku, artikel, jurnal yang berhubungan dengan zakat.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses praktikpengumpulan zakat mulai dari amil mengambil zakat dari muzaki sampai kepelaporan hasil pengumpulan sudah sesuai prinsip syariat yang telah ditetapkansehingga mampu menjaga prioritas utama dalam maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah yaitu hifẓual-māl. Pada pola pembayaran zakat secara mandiri berpotensi menimbulkan
ketidakadilan dan kecemburuan sosial sehingga solusi yang sesuai dengan maqāṣidasy-syarī’ah dalam hifẓu al-māl adalah dengan pola pembayaran zakat diserahkanke BAZIS. Praktik pendistribusian yang dilakukan BAZIS dengan membagikansecara merata dengan jumlah yang sama dan tidak dibagaikan kepada mustahikyang melanggar syariat sudah sesuai dengan maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah yaitu hifẓu almāl
untuk mewujudkan zakat sebagai dana sosial, begitu pula dengan kesepakatanMUAD untuk tidak mengambil zakat atas nama pribadi dan digunakan untukakomodasi BAZIS yang berimplikasi kepada kepercayaan warga terhadap BAZISsehingga masyarakat percaya membayarkan zakatnya ke BAZIS. Pendayagunaandalam pengelolaan zakat konsumtif yang dibagikan setahun sekali kepada mustahik
sesuai prioritasnya sesuai dengan maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah yaitu hifẓu al-mālwalaupun zakat yang diperoleh sedikit dan memiliki potensi zakat bisa dikelolasecara produktif oleh BAZIS
Konflik: Teori dan Ragam Penyelesaiannya di Indonesia
Full text linkEksistensi manusia tidak lepas dari gesekan konflik dan sengketa dalam laku kehidupan. Tiap agama manapun tidak akan mengajarkan pada pengikutnya untuk saling bermusuhan dan melakukan aniaya, bahkan Islam sendiri mengajarkan sikap kasih sayang kepada makhluk di alam semesta. adanya lembaga dalam menengahi sengketa atau konflik bisa memberikan dampak positif bagi yang berperkara, akan tetapi bagaimana jika lembaga yang bertujuan untuk mendamaikan justru masih terkendala proses administrasi yang rumit dan waktu yang relative lama? Artikel ini merupakan penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan normative-deskriptif. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui teori konflik dan bagaimana ragam penyelesaiannya di Indonesia. Diketahui bahwa di Indonesia mengenal dua cara dalam menyelesaikan konflik atau sengketa, yaitu litigasi dan non litigasi. Namun ada cara yang lebih efektif dan efisien yaitu Small Claim Court (SCC) yang dianggap bisa memberikan harapan bagi para pihak yang bersengketa untuk mendapatkan hasil yang cepat, murah, efisien dan memiliki putusan yang mengikat secara huku
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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