157 research outputs found
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer tissues have increased base excision repair capacity
No full textThe molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of bladder cancer (BC) are complex and have not been fully elucidated. Alterations in base excision repair (BER) capacity, one of several DNA repair mechanisms assigned to preserving genome integrity, have been reported to influence cancer susceptibility, recurrence, and progression, as well as responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report herein that non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) tissues exhibit increased uracil incision, abasic endonuclease and gap-filling activities, as well as total BER capacity in comparison to normal bladder tissue from the same patient (p<0.05). No significant difference was detected in 8-oxoG incision activity between cancer and normal tissues. NMIBC tissues have elevated protein levels of uracil DNA glycosylase, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, AP endonuclease 1 and DNA polymerase beta protein. Moreover, the fold increase in total BER and the individual BER enzyme activities were greater in high-grade tissues than in low-grade NMIBC tissues. These findings suggest that enhanced BER activity may play a role in the etiology of NMIBC and that BER proteins could serve as biomarkers in disease prognosis, progression or response to genotoxic therapeutics, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.Muftuoglu, M (corresponding author), Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar Univ, Dept Med Biotechnol, TR-34752 Istanbul, Turkey ; Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, TR-34752 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Narrative strategies in Ford Madox Ford's Parade's End and The Good Soldier
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references leaves 117-121In opposition to theories which gave the author pride of place as the
creator of literary works embodying definite meanings, the French thinker
Roland Barthes maintained that it was the reader, and not the author, who
attached meanings to a text. According to Barthes, the major factor which
enabled readers to interpret works of fiction, or to render them "intelligible,"
was their narrative structure. Following Barthes, the French critic Gérard
Genette developed a comprehensive theory of narratives. In the light of
Barthes’s views and Genette’s theory, this dissertation will analyse the English
novelist Ford Madox Ford’s Parade’s End and The Good Soldier. Both works
have narrators who undergo a process of identification with a major character.
Through an analysis of the narrative strategies employed by the narrators, the
dissertation aims to discuss the implications of this process in the
interpretation of these works.Raw, Meltem Kıra
Propping in the Pyramidal Business Groups in Turkey
No full textGürünlü, Meltem (Arel Author)This article investigates the existence of propping in Turkish business group firms for the years 2010-2016 (150 firms and 1,050 firm-year data in total). It is claimed that pyramidal ownership in Turkey is used to prop up intra-group funds and is a beneficial vehicle providing a less costly way of financing. The empirical results of the research indicate the existence of propping in the Turkish business groups and bring a debt and dividends (debt service hypothesis) related explanation for the propping phenomenon in the pyramidal business groups. Accordingly, the key findings indicate that firms within the business group transfer funds to each other via debt and dividends channels in order to reduce financial distress. Hence, business groups in Turkey use pyramidal ownership as a financing vehicle to increase internal capital market funds and a substitute for incomplete financial markets. Propping provides an implicit insurance against bankruptcy risk
Evaluation of bony changes observed in mid-palatal suture after rapid maxillary expansion using fractal analysis
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My Life Has Become More Absurd Than My Play: Mi Minor and the Crackdown on Artistic Freedom in Turkey
No full textMi Minor, written by Turkish author Meltem Arkan and directed by Turkish actor and director Memet Ali Alabora, deals with rising authoritarianism in the age of social media. The play envisaged both the fate of its artists, who were persecuted for ostensibly rehearsing the Gezi uprising through the play, and also the future of Turkey's performing arts scene, currently struggling under an authoritarian regime
Synthesis, characterization and metal ion sensing properties of novel pyridone derivatives phthalocyanines
No full text#nofulltext# --- Ağar, Meltem (Arel Author), Altındal, Ahmet (Arel Author)The design of novel substituted phthalocyanines closely follows the requirement of their planned applications. In this study, synthesize of novel pyridone derivatives metal-free and symmetrical cobalt(II) phthalocyanines was carried out to improve brightness. For this purpose; starting with 4-nitrophthalonitrile and 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-nitro-2-pyridone, 4-(6-methyl-3-nitro-2-oxo1,2- dihydropyridin-4-yloxy) phthalonitrile was prepared. Then 2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-tetrakis[6-methyl- 3-nitro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yloxy] metal-free phthalocyaninato and 2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-tetrakis[6-methyl-3-nitro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yloxy] phthalocyaninato Co(II) were synthesized by using 4-(6-methyl-3-nitro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yloxy) phthalonitrile, lithium metal and cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate in amyl alcohol, respectively. The sensing behavior of the film of derivatives metal-free and symmetrical cobalt(II) phthalocyanines for the online detection of heavy metal ions in water samples was investigated by utilizing an AT-cut quartz crystal resonator. It was observed that the adsorption of the analytes on the coating surface cause a reversible negative frequency shift of the resonator. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) functionalized with phthalocyanine, derivatives metal-free and symmetrical cobalt(II) phthalocyanines, are demonstrated to be sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions like Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr2+ and Co2+. Thus, QCM based sensor arrays are considered a promising platform for the direct analysis of aqueous samples
Evaluation of Recreational Activities of National Parks in Turkey
No full textAltınay, Meltem (Arel Author)Turizm ve açık hava rekreasyon faaliyetlerine olan ilginin artmasıyla birlikte milli park alanlarına olan talep de artış göstermektedir. Milli park alanlarında yapılan rekreasyonel faaliyetler de gün geçtikçe gelişmekte ve çeşitlenmektedir. Günümüzde milli park alanları rekreasyon faaliyetlerinde bulunmak amacıyla gelen birçok kişi tarafından ziyaret edilmektedir. Bu nedenle milli parklardaki rekreasyonel aktiviteler de gittikçe önem kazanmakta ve turizm faaliyetleri içerisinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’deki milli parkların rekreasyonel olarak önemini açıklamak ve sahip oldukları özelliklere göre birer rekreasyon alanı olarak kullanımlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amacın yanı sıra, milli parkların rekreasyonel kaynak değerleri, doğa yürüyüşleri, yaban hayatı izleme, manzara seyretme, fotoğraf çekme, rafting, kanyoning gibi pek çok aktiviteleri irdeleyerek bu aktivitelerin doğal kaynak değerlerine değinilmiş ve bunlara yönelik öneriler getirilmiştir. Yapılan nitel araştırma sonucunda parkların özelliklerine göre rekreasyonel olarak kullanımlarının farklı olduğu, kullanımlarının ağırlıklı olarak bir bölgede yoğunlaştığı ve bu yoğunlaşmadan dolayı doğal kaynaklarda tahribatlar oluştuğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu duruma çözüm olarak parkların mevcut kullanım durumu düzenlenmeli ve doğal kaynaklarının potansiyeline göre gerçekleştirilebilecek rekreasyonel faaliyetler belirlenmelidir.The demand for national park areas are increasing ith increased interest in tourism and outdoor recreation activities. Day by day, recreational activities in national park areas develops and diversifies. Today, the national park is visited by many people who come to engage in recreational activities. Therefore, recreational activities in national parks increasingly gets important and there is an important place in the tourism activities. In this study, it is aimed to explain the importance of national parks in Turkey as recreational and to examine the use as a recreation area of national parks. In addition to this purposes, many activities such as canyoning, hiking, wildlife viewing, scenic viewing, photographing, rafting as recreational resource values of the national park are examined, mentioned the natural resource values of these activities and proposed solutions for them. Based on the results qualitative research, it was emerged the different recreational usages according to characteristics of national parks, mainly concentrated in an area of usages and the damages in natural resource due to this condensation. As a solution to this situation, current use status of the park should be regulated and recreational activities that can be performed by the potential of natural resources should be determined
Changes in anthocyanins and colour of black mulberry (Morus nigra) juice during clarification and pasteurization
No full textThe effects of enzymatic treatment, clarification with bentonite, gelatin and kieselsol, and pasteurization on the anthocyanins (ACNs) and colour of black mulberry juice (BMJ) were studied. Enzymatic treatment caused significant reductions in ACN content (10%), A(max) (53%), colour density (67%) and polymeric colour (67%). The most stable ACN to enzymatic treatment was cyanidin-3-glucoside (cy-3-glu), while the least stable one was pelargonidin-3-glucoside (pg-3-glu). Bentonite showed the copigmentation effect due to Al3+ and Mg2+ in its octahedral sheet structure and enhanced colour density (91%) of BMJ. Similarly, gelatin and kieselsol also caused a high A(max) and a colour density despite a reduction in ACN content. Results revealed that enzymatic degradation of pectin and removal of phenolics by gelatin-kieselsol led to a reduction in the colour density of BMJ after pasteurization. Therefore, bentonite is recommended to produce BMJ with high colour density, while enzymatic treatment and clarification with gelatin and kieselsol are not recommended due to a reduction in ACN content.Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111R004]This study is in part of Buket Askin's Ph.D. thesis. We, as the author of this manuscript, would like to acknowledge the following contributions: The conceptualization, methodology and data evaluation were carried out by Meltem Turkyilmaz, Erdogan Kucukoner and Mehmet Ozkan who was also the project leader. Moreover, the manuscript was written by Dr. Turkyilmaz and, contributed and edited by Mehmet Ozkan. All analyses were carried out by Buket Askin. This study was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Grant #111R004). The authors thank the Cambazli village cooperative (Tire, Izmir) for providing the black mulberries. Special thanks go to Dohler Co. (Istanbul, Turkey) for providing the enzymes and clarifying agents
The use of shared mobility services in disadvantaged neighbourhoods: A study on how shared mobility services can affect urban neighbourhood renewal
No full textDue to the urbanization, it is expected the world’s population will increasingly live in urban areas. Therefore, there is a growing concern about diverse urban problems, such as climate change, emissions, congestion and the quality of life in cities. Hereby, urban mobility systems can be an important factor to solve these problems. Besides, new developments in ICT, the adaptation of smartphones, the increasing availability of data and are changing current mobility systems in cities by creating new possibilities for the application of smart solutions. An example of these new smart solutions is new shared mobility services. New shared mobility services (.e.g. car sharing, ride-hailing and bike-sharing, etc) are technology-based, on-demand and provide alternatives to traditional transport models. These services are seen as an opportunity for more sustainable transport in the city and to address equity in transportation. But without thoughtful planning, there is no guarantee this will happen. Moreover, giving the fact that virtual mobility is growing by the enhancement of ICT and will potentially be a replacement for physical mobility these shared mobility services can bring new equity barriers and opportunities for disadvantaged neighbourhoods. This research will focus on shared mobility services in the context of Rotterdam-South. The area of Rotterdam-South is an urban renewal area, which is struggling with large concentration socio-economic problems. Besides, studies have shown that the inhabitants of Rotterdam-South are the least mobile and suffer from transportation poverty, causing them to come across more barriers to the accessibility of various services and opportunities. Based on the defined problem, the following main research question is formulated for this research: “In what way can public parties use shared mobility services to stimulate urban neighbourhood renewal in Rotterdam-South?”. To answer the main research question it was decided that a qualitative approach would be appropriate. The qualitative method includes the review of literature, interviews with advisors, the municipality and providers of shared mobility service in combination with a case study of the neighbourhood Tarwewijk, which is located in Rotterdam-South. From the results, it can be concluded that by the implementation of shared mobility services in a disadvantaged neighbourhood, public parties can positively affect and stimulate two aspects of urban renewal. These are the social and environmental conditions of a neighbourhood. Although the implementation of shared mobilities can offer opportunities for urban renewal areas, it can also bring several barriers and challenges. So, before implementing shared mobility services to stimulate urban renewal, public parties must consider how to implement policies/strategies. This to ensure that the barriers to using these shared mobilities are eliminated. Hereby, this research has suggested several policies and strategies for public parties.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Management in the Built Environmen
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