1,721,049 research outputs found
Montero Quintero, K., Moreno Rojas, Rafael, Molina, E., González Redondo, Pedro, Sánchez Urdaneta, A
No full textThe chemical composition and digestibility of leaves, stems and panicles of Amaranthusdubius Mart. ex Thell. were evaluated. We collected the samples in Merecure, estado Miranda, Venezuela, in two collecting seasons (rainy and dry). We determined the proximate composition, dietetic fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, lignin and digestibility of the organic matter and of the neutral detergent fiber. We observed the interaction among these factors in most of these analyses, except for the crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber. The highest content of protein (270.90 g.kg-1 ), ashes (211.70 g.kg ) and the highest digestibility of the organic matter (910.80 g.kg-1-1) and of the neutral detergent fiber (770.50 g.kg ) were found in leaves during the rainy season. Protein concentration was lowerin the stems during the dry season (60.80 g.kg-1), and the lowest ether extract content (3.60 g.kg ) and lower digestibility of the organic matter (469.90 g.kg-1-1 ) were found in the stems during the rainy season. The panicle presented the highest ether extract (22.40 g.kg-1 ) and lignin (190.90 g.kg ) contents. The organ of the plant and the collecting season both affect the proximate composition and fiber content of A. dubius. Because of its high nutritional value and digestibility, it has potential as a food and feed supplement
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Organoleptic Quality of Healthy Menus in School Dining Halls in Seville
Get PDFPremio extraordinario de Trabajo Fin de Máster curso 2016-2017. Máster en AgroalimentaciónAntecedentes / objetivos El Programa Municipal de Salud Alimentaria puesto en marcha por el Servicio de Salud del Ayuntamiento de Sevilla tiene como objetivo mejorar los hábitos y las actitudes frente a la alimentación de la ciudadanía sevillana. Uno de sus programas, el Programa de Implantación de Menús Saludables en las Escuelas, se pone en marcha ante la necesidad de combatir la creciente epidemia de obesidad y enfermedades relacionadas con el sobrepeso que padecen nuestros menores y que se evidencian en distintos estudios. Dentro de este programa se revisa la calidad de los menús servidos para certificar su idoneidad organoléptica, o detectar posibles irregularidades. Métodos En 2007 se insta la creación de la mesa intersectorial de comedores escolares. Desde esta fecha se trabaja en el control de calidad, seguimiento y evaluación de los menús en los centros públicos gestionados por catering, se aprueban periódicamente los menús, se realizan visitas a los centros escolares para supervisar el cumplimiento del protocolo nutricional descrito en el pliego de prescripciones técnicas para la contratación de empresas de catering que es de obligado cumplimiento y se realizan test organolépticos “in situ”, un mínimo de una vez por trimestre en cada colegio público servido por catering. Se recoge una media de 217 cuestionarios válidos por año de estudio. Los test son realizados por los técnicos del Servicio de Salud mientras comen junto a los escolares, comprueban la calidad sensorial del menú, el número de dietas especiales servidas y recogen posibles incidencias relacionadas con la calidad del servicio. Resultados Aunque los primeros test organolépticos se realizan en el curso 2007/08, no será hasta el curso 2009/10 que se sistematiza de un modo homogéneo la recogida de datos, dando unas calificaciones globales en torno a 4 puntos sobre 5, es decir el test organoléptico nos indica que el menú escolar cumple con los estándares mínimos de calidad organoléptica y puede ser considerado bueno. En líneas generales se produce una evolución positiva creciente en la valoración global de la calidad organoléptica de los menús a lo largo de los cursos, así como de uno de sus principales parámetros, el sabor, no apreciándose una tendencia tan clara en el resto de items estudiados, tales como la textura, temperatura u olor. Durante el periodo de estudio operaron 8 empresas de catering obteniendo las mejores valoraciones globales del menú Perea Rojas y la peor Ajacatering. La calidad del servicio de los catering ha tenido una ligera tendencia a empeorar evidenciándose esto más claramente en Serunión, aunque Dujonka ha tenido una tendencia inversa, el resto de las empresas no han tenido una evolución tan clara sufriendo altibajos, si bien hay que decir que las diferencias no son muy acusadas en el conjunto de empresas. Además en términos generales los menús servidos coincidían con los aprobados siendo Perea Roja el que mejores resultados ha obtenido en este sentido. Discusión y Conclusiones En gran medida el éxito del Programa de Implantación de Menús en las Escuelas se debe al seguimiento hecho a los menús escolares que ha comprobado durante todo el proceso la calidad sensorial de los menús y ha sabido recoger y solventar las incidencias que se han ido originando durante estos años en base a los resultados del test organoléptico. La valoración global por curso obtuvo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0.05) evidenciándose una mejora paulatina en la calidad de los menús a lo largo del tiempo. El catering que tuvo mejor valoración global fue GustaBrens (4,11 ± 0,649) y el que peores resultados Aljacatering (3,68 ± 0,599). Aunque la horquilla de puntuaciones no es muy amplia El catering que incumplió en un porcentaje mayor los platos servidos respecto a los aprobados fue Aljacatering (25%) y el que menos Perea Rojas (5%) lo que indica que este aspecto es mejorable y el nivel de incumplimiento es en general alto. En la interacción curso por catering existe en la mayoría de ellos una tendencia ligeramente a empeorar con la excepción de Dujonka que mejora. Los rangos de aceptación global para todos los años y todos los catering entre 3 y 4,5 (sobre 5) indican un grado de aceptabilidad elevado de estos menús saludables.Background / objectives The Municipal Health Food Program implemented by the Health Service of Seville City Council aims to improve habits and attitudes towards food of the Sevillian citizens. One of its programs, the Program of Implementation of Healthy Menus in Schools, is set in motion in view of the need to combat the growing epidemic of obesity and diseases related to overweight that our children suffer and which are evidenced in different studies. This program reviews the quality of the menus served to certify its organoleptic suitability, or to detect possible irregularities. Methods In 2007, the creation of the intersectoral table of school canteens is encouraged. Since that date, work has been carried out on quality control, monitoring and evaluation of the menus in the public centers managed by catering, the menus are regularly approved, visits are made to schools to supervise compliance with the nutritional protocol described in the specifications Technical prescriptions for hiring catering companies that is obligatory and organoleptic tests are carried out "in situ", a minimum of once per quarter in each public school served by catering. We collected an average of 217 valid questionnaires per year of study. The tests are carried out by the Health Service technicians as they eat with the students, check the sensorial quality of the menu, the number of special diets served and collect possible incidents related to the quality of the service. Results Although the first organoleptic tests are carried out in the course 2007/08, it will not be until the 2009/10 academic year that the data collection is systematized in a homogeneous manner, giving a global score of around 4 points over 5, ie the test Organoleptic indicates that the school menu meets the minimum standards of organoleptic quality and can be considered good. In general, there is a positive evolution in the overall evaluation of the organoleptic quality of the menus throughout the courses, as well as one of its main parameters, the flavor, not appreciating a tendency so clear in the rest of items Studied, such as texture, temperatura or odor. During the study period, 8 catering companies operated the best overall ratings of the Perea Rojas menu and the worst Ajacatering. The quality of catering service has had a slight tendency to worsen evidencing this more clearly in Serunion, although Dujonka has had an inverse tendency, the rest of the companies have not had a so clear evolution undergoing ups and downs, although it must be said that The differences are not very pronounced in the group of companies. Also in general terms the menus served coincided with those approved being Perea Roja the best results have been obtained in this regard. Discussion and Conclusions To a large extent, the success of the Menu Implementation Program in Schools is due to the follow-up done to the school menus which has proven throughout the process the sensorial quality of the menus and has been able to collect and solve the incidents that have arisen during These years based on the results of the organoleptic test. The overall assessment by course obtained statistically significant differences (p <0.05) evidencing a gradual improvement in the quality of the menus over time. The catering that had the best overall assessment was GustaBrens (4.11 ± 0.649) and the worst Aljacatering (3.68 ± 0.599). Although the score range is not very wide The catering that failed to meet a higher percentage of the dishes served than those approved were Aljacatering (25%) and the less Perea Rojas (5%) which indicates that this aspect is improved and the Level of default is generally high. In the interaction course by catering there is in most of them a tendency slightly to worsen with the exception of Dujonka who improves. The overall acceptance ranges for all years and all catering between 3 and 4.5 (out of 5) indicate a high degree of acceptability of these healthy menus
Evaluation of the contribution of the consumption of wild mushrooms in Andalusia, on the risk of heavy metals
No full textLa recolección de setas silvestres comestibles es una actividad de gran relevancia en Andalucía, con un colectivo importante de personas dedicadas a su recolección que además son consumidores habituales. Los estudios publicados evidencian el crecimiento notable que el consumo de setas ha experimentado durante los últimos anos tanto por su valor nutricional y bajo aporte calórico, como por sus múltiples beneficios para la salud y su uso como agentes bioactivos en el tratamiento de enfermedades. Si bien, no todo son beneficios, ya que son muchos los que han destacado la capacidad de las setas para fijar metales pesados, algunos de los cuales resultan tóxicos a pequeñas dosis. Además, no se dispone de datos sobre el consumo habitual de las setas más comunes en nuestra comunidad por parte de los recolectores, siendo esta información fundamental para poder realizar una correcta valoración toxicológica. En nuestro caso nos hemos centrado en el estudio del mercurio y el riesgo asociado por la ingesta de setas silvestres en Andalucía. Tras realizar un análisis bibliométrico profundo sobre la composición de mercurio en diferentes especies micológicas, para nuestro primer estudio seleccionamos 10 especies de las que se encuentran más habitualmente en nuestra región para determinar su concentración en mercurio. Correspondió a Boletus aereus el nivel más alto de mercurio con 10,28+- 2,92 mg / kg DW (peso seco). Basándonos en los datos disponibles sobre consumo de setas en general en España (0,011 kg / persona / semana), se calculó el % PTWI que oscilaba entre el 0,06 y el 3,5%, y cuando se asumió un mayor consumo (0,100 kg / persona / semana), este oscilo entre 0,58 y 31%. Estos resultados sugieren que la contribución de las setas silvestres a la dieta de los recolectores en cuanto al Hg puede ser elevada en función de sus hábitos de consumo. Ante la falta de datos reales sobre el consumo de setas silvestres habituales en nuestra región, planteamos nuestro segundo estudio, donde se realizó una encuesta a 300 consumidores habituales y recolectores, dentro de las sociedades micológicas repartidas por Andalucía, de las ocho especies de hongos silvestres con mayor frecuencia consumidas en la región. El consumo medio per cápita de setas obtenido fue de 10,4 kg / ano, 8,6 kg de los cuales se consumen durante la temporada, que dura entre 1 y 3 meses. Esto demuestra la existencia de una diferencia considerable en el consumo de setas silvestres por el colectivo de recolectores de setas de Andalucía, y su entorno más cercano respecto de la población en general. El consumo de cada hongo estudiado y la ingesta total fueron ajustado / ajustado a distribuciones exponenciales. Estas distribuciones podrían ser una herramienta eficaz para la toxicología o estudios nutricionales ya que permiten la evaluación de la exposición que permite calcular el análisis de riesgo probabilístico y la contribución a la ingesta dietética de referencia, respectivamente, para este grupo de población. Basándonos en los datos de concentración y consumo obtenidos en el desarrollo de la presente tesis, podemos concluir que existen determinadas especies de setas silvestres en Andalucía con una importante contribución de Hg a la dieta de los recolectores de setas y su entorno, sobrepasando la admisión semanal tolerable y su consecuente riesgo para la salud.The collection of edible wild mushrooms is an activity of great relevance in Andalusia, with an important group of people dedicated to their collection who are also regular consumers. Published studies show the remarkable growth that the consumption of mushrooms has experienced in recent years both for its nutritional value and low caloric intake, as well as for its multiple health benefits and its use as bioactive agents in the treatment of diseases. Although, not all are benefits, since there are many who have highlighted the ability of mushrooms to fix heavy metals, some of which are toxic in small doses. In addition, there is no data on the habitual consumption of the most common mushrooms in our community by collectors, this information being essential for a correct toxicological assessment. In our case we have focused on the study of mercury and the risk associated with eating wild mushrooms in Andalusia. After conducting a thorough bibliometric analysis on the composition of mercury in different mycological species, for our first study we selected 10 species of those most commonly found in our region to determine their mercury concentration. Boletus aereus had the highest level of mercury with 10.28 +- 2.92 mg / kg DW (dry weight). Based on the data available on consumption of mushrooms in general in Spain (0.011 kg / person / week), the% PTWI was calculated, which ranged between 0.06 and 3.5%, and when a higher consumption was assumed (0.100 kg / person / week), this ranged between 0.58 and 31%. These results suggest that the contribution of wild mushrooms to the diet of collectors in terms of Hg may be high depending on their consumption habits. Given the lack of real data on the consumption of common wild mushrooms in our region, we proposed our second study, where a survey was carried out of 300 habitual consumers and collectors, within the mycological societies spread throughout Andalusia, of the eight species of wild mushrooms. most frequently consumed in the region. The average per capita consumption of mushrooms obtained was 10.4 kg / year, 8.6 kg of which are consumed during the season, which lasts between 1 and 3 months. This shows the existence of a considerable difference in the consumption of wild mushrooms by the collective of mushroom pickers of Andalusia, and their closest environment with respect to the general population. The consumption of each mushroom studied and the total intake were adjusted / adjusted to exponential distributions. These distributions could be an effective tool for toxicology or nutritional studies since they allow the evaluation of the exposure that allows calculating the probabilistic risk analysis and the contribution to the reference dietary intake, respectively, for this population group. Based on the concentration and consumption data obtained in the development of this thesis, we can conclude that there are certain species of wild mushrooms in Andalusia with an important contribution of Hg to the diet of mushroom pickers and their environment, exceeding the weekly admission tolerable and its consequent health risk
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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