117,307 research outputs found
Surveillance of childhood obesity in Sweden. Focus on lifestyles and socioeconomic conditions.
No full textBackground and aim: There is a general lack of childhood obesity surveillance systems throughout Europe, including Sweden. Such systems are needed to develop policies, evaluate interventions and track secular changes in weight status. The general aim of this thesis was to describe the national and regional prevalence of overweight and obesity in Swedish 7-9-year-old children, as the initial step to establish a national childhood obesity surveillance system. Attention was given to socioeconomic factors at individual and area levels. Further aims were to analyze secular trends and longitudinal changes in weight status and lifestyle in a regional sample while considering area socioeconomic status (SES) and individual socioeconomic position (SEP).
Methods: Anthropometric measurements and lifestyle data were collected in 2008, 2010 and 2013. Weight status was classified according to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), Cole 2007 and the World Health Organization growth standard (WHO). Schools were sampled in order to be representative for Sweden and all measurement methods were standardized. Two studies were based on the 2008 nationally representative sample of 7-9-year-old schoolchildren (n=4538) and investigated the associations between children’s weight status and SES, urbanization and parental and child lifestyle variables. In two further studies, cross-sectional (n=3492) and longitudinal (n=678) trends in children’s weight status and lifestyle in the region of West Sweden were investigated.
Results: The national prevalence of overweight was 16.6% including 3.0% obese; thinness was observed in 7.5%, according to IOTF/Cole 2007. Overweight was more common in rural areas, partly explained by the lower educational level in those areas. Parental weight status was strongly associated with child overweight and obesity. Overall more favorable lifestyle characteristics were observed in urban areas and for children of highly educated mothers. In West Sweden, trends in weight status between 2008 and 2013 were generally stable except for an increase in thinness in girls. Further, widening of the socioeconomic gap in obesity in girls occurred, due to non-significant decreases in areas with high education and increases in areas with low education. When applying the WHO-reference, prevalence of overweight was higher, due to lower cut-offs, while thinness was almost non-existent. Similar socioeconomic gradients but no trends in weight status were observed according to the WHO-reference.
Conclusion: Since obesity in the parents was the strongest risk factor for excess weight in children, targeting entire families in interventions should be a priority in management of the childhood obesity epidemic. Furthermore, strategies to reduce socioeconomic disparities in obesity are urgently needed. It may prove difficult to identify families at risk, therefore, targeting high risk areas, such as rural areas and areas with low SES, may be more effective. Further, in order to plan and evaluate public health strategies and policies there is a need for surveillance at the national level
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Sarah L. Blum Author Visit - Warrior Nurse: PTSD and Healing
No full textHear Sarah L. Blum, author of Women Under Fire: Abuse in the Military, discuss her newest book, Warrior Nurse: PTSD and Healing followed by a Q&A and book signing.
Sarah L. Blum is a decorated Vietnam veteran who served as an operating room nurse during the intense fighting of 1967. In recognition of her service, she was awarded the Army Commendation Medal.
Sponsored by CWU Veterans Center and CWU Libraries.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/libraryevents/1252/thumbnail.jp
Lillian L. Lambert, Author, Speaker, and Entrepreneur
No full textLillian L. Lambert, Author, Speaker, and Entrepreneu
Letter to Alfred L. Shoemaker, February 10, 1948
No full textA handwritten letter from an unknown author addressed to Alfred L. Shoemaker, dated February 10, 1948. Within, the author discusses the Pennsylvania Dutch word for Ash Wednesday, along with traditions associated with this day.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/shoemaker_documents/1118/thumbnail.jp
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Emmett L. Bennett, Jr. Offprint Collection
No full textThe scholarly library of Emmett L. Bennett, Jr. compiled in the course of his Editorship of the journal Nestor (founded in 1957). The collection includes scholarly publications (offprints) and manuscripts sent by prospective authors to Dr. Bennett. Includes a Finding Aid (PDF and Word) and Catalog (an Excel document for each of two record groups: offprints collected up to 1995, and offprints collected from 1995-2011). Both the Finding Aid and Catalog are provided to facilitate researchers' searches for offprints by author, title, journal, year, and subject.Classic
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