323,037 research outputs found
Electronic method in measuring particle motion / Mior Yusof Mior Othman and Sharulnizzat Ismail
No full textOur project is about “Electronic Method In Measuring Particle Motion”. This electronic device use to measure velocity and acceleration of moving body. In physical aspect, a moving body creates their own velocity and acceleration. The value of this particle motion can be calculated by Newton’s Law of motion which state that v = s/t and a = v/t. Our device count the time taken by a body that moving through a two points which the distance between them are already fixed to 100cm. Our circuit operates in digital condition which the sensitivity is very high since the circuit only works at two states, LOW and HIGH. Otherwise this circuit also consist of analog part which stands for start counting point and end counting point that establish by the LDRs , LEDs and NPN bipolar junction transistor. This project can be used in industrial application such as mechanical instrument. The velocity and acceleration is important thing in completing mechanical devices
Experimental and Analytical Study of Microscopic Displacement Mechanisms of MIOR in Porous Media
No full textAbstract
Pore network models are powerful tools for modeling processes and phenomena occurring in porous media. These models take the advantage of capturing a realistic representation of phenomena leading to a better understanding of pore scale processes. For processes like Microbial Improved Oil Recovery (MIOR) that incorporate numerous interconnected physical and biochemical factors, a prior knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is required. A pore network model, though small, can be implemented as a platform to understand the interactions between these acting mechanisms. In the present study, a pore network is constructed based on images of small regions of a glass micromodel. The model attempts to account for microbial growth and bio-surfactant production and their effect on flow characterization within the network. The authors have previously carried out a number of visualization experiments in a transparent pore network model to study the pore scale behavior of an alkane oxidizing bacterium, Rhodococcous sp 094, suspended in brine. Dodecane and an oxidizing bacterium were examined for evaluating the performance of microbial flooding in glass micromodels.
Observations showed the effects of bacteria on remaining oil saturation, allowing us to propose the active mechanisms and also to address the problem of network morphology alteration due to microbial growth. The present work studies displacement mechanisms of an oil phase displaced by a water phase containing bacteria from the pore network modeling viewpoint. It is focused on the characterization of post MIOR morphology change for two phase flow. Consequently a methodology for incorporating major aspects of MIOR, including interfacial tension reduction, wettability alteration and profile modification into a pore network framework is introduced and developed with experimentally obtained mechanisms.</jats:p
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Performance Evaluation of AODV, DSR, DYMO & ZRP in Cost 231 Walfisch-Ikegami Path Loss Propagation Model
No full textA Mobile Ad hoc NETwork is a kind of wireless ad-hoc network, and is a self configuring network of mobile routers connected by wireless links. Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a wireless network without infrastructure. Self configurability and easy deployment feature of the MANET resulted in numerous applications in this modern era. Efficient routing protocols will make MANETs reliable. Various research communities are working in field of MANET and trying to adopt the protocols and technology in other applications as well. In this work, we present investigations on the behavior of various routing protocol of MANET with a Cost 231 Walfisch-Ikegami Propagation Model. We evaluate the performance of four different ad-hoc routing protocols on four performance metrics such as Average Jitter, Average End-to-End Delay, Throughput, and Packet Delivery Fraction with varying Pause Time. From the simulation results it is concluded that DSR is better in transmission of packets per unit time and maximum number of packets reached their destination successfully with some delays, i.e. PDF & Throughput is more and Average jitter & end-to-end delay is less. Whereas AODV & ZRP having almost same values in all of the performance metrics, they transmit packets with very less delay but transmits less packets to their destination as compare to DSR.
O papel da avicultura na construção do território e na reprodução social da agricultura familiar: o caso de Chapecó e Quilombo no oeste catarinense
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Florianópolis, 2009.A região Oeste de Santa Catarina é emblemática no que tange as dinâmicas do mundo rural, por sua pujança na produção agroindustrial, num processo histórico de desenvolvimento baseado na produção agropecuária familiar. A construção do território foi o resultado de um processo de interação entre essa categoria social e as agroindústrias. Nesse sentido, a cadeia produtiva da avicultura assumiu grande importância na sustentabilidade do território, por seu peso na economia e nas dinâmicas territoriais. O grande capital social acumulado ao longo do tempo foi decisivo para o sucesso das agroindústrias. Num período recente, alguns estudos têm apontado para uma situação de crise entre os agricultores familiares de um modo geral, atingindo a população do Oeste catarinense através da dificuldade de reprodução social da população rural, com processos de esvaziamento e masculinização dos espaços rurais e crescentes pressões ambientais. O presente trabalho procurou verificar a situação específica dos avicultores integrados às medias e grandes agroindústrias nesse contexto de crise da agricultura familiar. A pesquisa é parte integrante do Projeto AVITER Filières Avícolas na França e no Brasil: impactos no desenvolvimento sustentável das bacias de produção e dos territórios surge de uma parceria entre instituições francesas e brasileiras com o objetivo de analisar a relação que a avicultura tem com os territórios, e qual o papel que exerce quando se discute o desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. Foram realizadas 57 entrevistas a avicultores e lideranças ligadas ao setor em comunidades rurais de Chapecó e Quilombo, no Oeste de Santa Catarina, buscando verificar o papel que a avicultura exerce na construção do território e no processo de reprodução social dos avicultores. Os resultados apontaram para alguns elementos de crise que afetam de forma diferenciada os avicultores da região. Entre esses elementos ganharam destaque a questão da necessidade constante de inovação tecnológica, exigindo para isso grandes investimentos; a questão ambiental, que aos poucos começa a tornar-se um fator limitante para as atividades agroindustriais, principalmente no que se refere ao destino dos dejetos e ao uso irracional da água; e a falta de mão de obra para trabalhar nos aviários, principalmente pela dificuldade de encontrar um sucessor profissional dentro da própria família. Esse ultimo elemento da crise é tratado como um dos principais limitantes a continuidade da atividade na região, e os dados apontam para um processo de transformação na agricultura familiar que vai além das questões econômicas. A partir da análise das entrevistas, considerando os elementos de crise apontados, pôde-se fazer uma categorização dos avicultores estudados, dividindo-os nos grupos homogêneos Ex-avicultores, Avicultores familiares tradicionais, Avicultores familiares profissionais e os Avicultores empresariais, apontando para uma tendência de profissionalização e especialização na atividade, e fornecendo subsídios para um tratamento diferenciado em relação a políticas específicas para cada categoria. As conclusões apontam para um processo de desconstrução do território, à medida que o capital social, intangível e intransferível, começa a se desfazer pelos processos de transformação. Aponta também para a necessidade de superação dos elementos de crise, responsáveis pelos conflitos entre avicultores e agroindústrias, e a necessidade de uma melhor utilização dos recursos potenciais que o território possui, a fim de promover um desenvolvimento territorial sustentável.The western region of Santa Catarina state is symbolic in terms of the rural world dynamics because of its strength at the agro-industries production into a historical development process based on family agriculture production. The territory construction was the result of an interaction process between this social category and the agro-industries. In this sense, the poultry production chain got a great importance into the territorial sustainability, because of its substance in the economy and the territorial dynamics. The large social capital accumulated over time was crucial to the success of the agro-industries. Recently, some studies have pointed to a crisis among family farmers in general, touching the people of the Santa Catarina West region through the difficulty of the rural population for its social reproduction, with processes of masculinization and emptying of the rural areas and the increasingly environmental pressures. The present study aimed to determine the specific situation of the poultry farmers integrated to medium and large agro-industries in this context of family farming crisis. The research is part of the AVITER Project Poultry chain in France and Brazil: impacts at the sustainable development of production basins and of the territories which is a partnership between Brazilian and French institutions in order to examine the relationship that the poultry has with the territories, and which is the role that the poultry implement when discussing sustainable territorial development. 57 interviews were conducted with poultry farmers and related industry leaders in rural communities from Chapecó and Quilombo in the west of Santa Catarina, seeking to verify the role that the poultry applies into the territorial construction and into the farmers social reproduction process. The results pointed to some crisis elements that affect, in a different manner, the poultry farmers of the region. Between these factors, the question about the need for technological innovation got prominence, requiring for that large investments; the environmental question, which just starts to become a limiting factor for agro-industrial activities, especially in relation to the waste destination and the irrational water use; and lack of labor to work in poultry, especially because of the difficulty to find a professional successor within the own family. This last element of the crisis is treated as a major limiting factor to the activity continuity in the region, and the data point to a transformation process into the family agriculture that goes beyond economic issues. From the analysis of interviews, considering the crisis elements mentioned, it was possible to make a categorization of the poultry farmers studied, dividing them in the homogeneous groups: Ex-poultry farmers, traditional family poultry farmers, professional poultry family farmers and business poultry farmers, pointing to a trend of professionalism and expertise in the activity and providing subsidies for a differentiated treatment in relation to specific policies for each category. The conclusions point to a "deconstruction" process of the territory as the social capital, intangible and non-transferable, begins to undo itself through the transformation processes. It also points to the overcome need for the crisis elements, responsible for the conflicts between poultry farmers and agro-industries, and the need for a better use of the potential resources that the territory has to promote a sustainable territorial development
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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