74 research outputs found
Embodiment and the Risk of Reading
No full textIn this article, Anders Öhman discusses Gert J. J. Biesta's concept of the risk of education and what it could mean for the study of literature in the classroom. The article's point of departure is Bakhtin's theory of the utterance. The utterance, for Bakhtin, has to be embodied, that is, it has to be governed by a purpose: it must be uttered by someone, or at least the reader or listener must imagine that it is uttered by someone that speaks with an intent. A grammatical sentence that is not an utterance has no author and no direction or intention; it is therefore abstract and belongs to no one. Reading on the Internet, or digital reading, often consists of short passages or text fragments for which it is difficult to identify an author. These fragments are not embodied and thus the reader does not feel addressed by the text. Although Biesta does not reckon with Bakhtin's theory, his critique of “strong education” provides an analysis that runs along similar lines. According to Biesta, the notion of strong education and what he calls the “language of learning” regard knowledge as free of values thus rendering it abstract. In bringing together Bakhtin's and Biesta's analyses, Öhman concludes that in order for knowledge to elicit valuation, it must first become embodied; this process, in turn, is important to creating the conditions necessary for a dialogue to occur between the content of teaching and the students.Special Issue: SI</p
Being May-Britt Öhman : Or, Reflections on my own Colonized Mind Regarding Hydropower Constructions in Sápmi
No full textConfronted by new knowledge of her own past, her own family history and a Sámi heritage, the author in this essay navigates on a familiar but now suddenly at the same time unknown Lule River, through familiar land- and waterscapes, now altering before her eyes. The essay is a postcolonial feminist search for the past, attempting at translating it to the present, and pondering on who the author, with this new knowledge, her self actually is. Or want to be. It is a reflection over what parts of her past that has been hidden to her, why it was concealed, and what those acts, by other people – contributing to hiding her past - means to her, today, for her academic research on large scale hydropower exploitations in Sápmi, Sweden
Being May-Britt Öhman [Elektronisk resurs] : Or, Reflections on my own Colonized Mind Regarding Hydropower Constructions in Sápmi
No full textConfronted by new knowledge of her own past, her own family history and a Sámi heritage, the author in this essay navigates on a familiar but now suddenly at the same time unknown Lule River, through familiar land- and waterscapes, now altering before her eyes. The essay is a postcolonial feminist search for the past, attempting at translating it to the present, and pondering on who the author, with this new knowledge, her self actually is. Or want to be. It is a reflection over what parts of her past that has been hidden to her, why it was concealed, and what those acts, by other people – contributing to hiding her past - means to her, today, for her academic research on large scale hydropower exploitations in Sápmi, Sweden.</p
Samisk släktforskning som motstånd och verktyg [Elektronisk resurs] : mot etnisk rensning och för att återta vårt minne, vår historia och kultur
No full textDen här artikeln behandlar svenska statens bestämmelser gentemot det samiska folket beträffande antal, arv och beslutsfattande. Ett exempel är att någon folkräkning av samerna aldrig har gjorts. Det officiella antalet samer är baserat på renlängder över renägare för tiden 1965-1971. Detta innebär alltså att de samer som inte arbetar inom rennäringen har blivit utdefinierade från officiell statistik. De räknas inte som samer. Det aktuella mycket högre antalet är dolt i statliga bestämmelser och kategoriseringar. Det härrör sig från en sekellång rasistisk politik, som syftar till att osynliggöra och minska antalet samer och därmed ge ett underlag för att kunna radera den samiska kulturen.I artikeln beskriver författaren hur samisk släktforskning bedrivs och att resultaten publiceras fyra gånger per år i Medlemsnytt, Silbonah Sámesijddas medlemstidning, som en motreaktion i praktiken mot det koloniala osynliggörandet av samerna. Det är ett återtagande av den samiska historien och minne, som författaren genom sin bakgrund har erfarenhet av och kunskap om, och visar hur historien är länkad till släktforskningen och det samiska arvet. Avslutningsvis reflekteras över framtiden i den samiska släktforskningen.Arbete med denna artikel har delvis finansierats via forskningsprojektet "Älvar, motstånd, resiliens: Hållbara framtider i Sápmi", lett av Fil.Dr May-Britt Öhman och finansierat av Formas, 2012-2015. This article accounts for the history of Swedish state regulations against the Sami people in terms of numbers, heritage and decision-making. For instance, currently it is not the Sami People as People that are considered to be Sami. The current official number of Sami often referred to in official documents are based on Sami working in the profession of reindeer herding. The actual number of Sami persons is hidden by State-based regulations and categorizations. This is due to a century long racist policy called “Lap should be Lap” aiming at reducing the official number of Sami individuals, and thereby erasing the Sami cultures. The article discusses the work by Sami genealogist to counter this categorization. By doing the genealogy work and publishing it four times per year to the members of the Sami association Silbonah Sámesijdda, the genealogy work becomes both an act of resistance as well as an act of reclaiming Sami history and memory. The author also shares memories of her own family history, and how this is linked with her work to do genealogy and reclaim heritage of the Sami in general. Lastly, some reflections regarding the future of Sami genealogy are presented.The work with this article has partly been financed through the research project "Rivers, Resistance, Resilience: Sustainable Futures in Sápmi" led by Dr. May-Britt Öhman, and financed by Formas, 2012-2015.</p
Supplemental Data for article "Oral microbiota shift after 12-week supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and PTA 5289"
No full text<p>Supplemental data for the publication entitled "Oral microbiota shift after 12-week supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and PTA 5289; a randomized control trial" PLOS ONE PONE-D-14-49858.</p>
<p>Nelly Romani Vestman 1, Tsute Chen 2, Pernilla Lif Holgerson 3, Carina Öhman 1, and<br>Ingegerd Johansson 1*</p>
<p>1,3 Department of Odontology/ 1 Cariology and 3 Pedodontics Section, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden<br>2 Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA</p>
<p>*Corresponding author:<br>Ingegerd Johansson<br>Department of Odontology/Cariology<br>Umeå universitet<br>SE-901 85 Umeå<br>Sweden<br>E-mail: [email protected]</p>
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Is all that is new therefore good? The Swedish author Lars Gyllensten and ecocritical tendencies of today
No full textThe article want to raise the awareness of some urgent questions that is concerned with the development of new theory and methods in the service of addressing the problematic situation of the Anthropocene. With the aid of the 20th century Swedish author Lars Gyllensten’s general ideas of the function of critique (iconoclasm) and creativity (iconoplasm), the aim is to point to two basic patterns when moving towards new, and hopefully better paradigms
Documenting an Ongoing Pandemic : A Sámi Reindeer Herders' Diary during the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textThis chapter explores the management of the Covid-19 pandemic and it effects focusing on Norrbotten County, the largest county in Sweden, which occupies a quarter of the country, with 98,245 square kilometers and a population of 250,000.Norrbotten has two international borders, Finland and Norway, crossing Indigenous Sámi territories and reindeer grazing and herding lands. The effects are linked to geography, cold climate, natural resource exploitation, industries, multicultural population, and sparsely populated areas with long journey times to access healthcare.The county has a large Sami population and the largest number of reindeer and reindeer herders on the Swedish side of Sábme.The research project “Pandemic in the (sub) Arctic North: A supra and cross-disciplinary data collection on experiences, resilience and social mobilization during the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on Norrbotten county,” was initiated in March 2020 and ended by April 2022. The project was led by the author of this chapter, Dr. May-Britt Öhman, Associate Professor of Environmental History, Lule and Forest Sámi of the Lule River valley. Within the project, an important part was the participants’ own documentation of their everyday life, including reflections on the events and developments during the crisis management period. One of the project participants was Henrik Andersson, a reindeer herder in the Gällivare Forest Sámi community, Flakaberg group, and also a coauthor of this chapter. Gällivare Forest Sámi village is one of fifty-one reindeer herding Sámi villages on the Swedish side of Sábme. The reindeers’ land stretches from the inland around Gällivare city and out into the archipelago of Luleå city.In wintertime the reindeer are in the area of the archipelago in the Gulf of Bothnia, and during the summer they move to the grazing lands in the inland.Andersson started documenting his everyday life in March 2020, when he first heard of the pandemic. He uses a first-person perspective bringing together situated knowledge and ego-histoire.The diary contains written entries and photographs and thereby documents the experiences from Sámi reindeer herding throughout almost two years of the Covid-19 pandemic.In this chapter, May-Britt Öhman has made a selection of entries, starting from day one, covering from the first day when Henrik Andersson heard about Covid-19 in March 2020 to the end of August 2020. The entries thus follow half of the reindeer herding year, including winter season when the grazing is often hard to find, spring migration from the coastal areas toward the inland, the calving season and the calf marking season, and the short time of rest that follows in August before the herders’ work begins again.In this article, we have only entered the first few months of Henrik Andersson’s corona diary, showing the initial thoughts, responses, and difficulties that emerged. As most are aware, the situation continued for very long. When this article was being finalized, in early 2023, the Covid-19 situation was far better, but still not completely over. There has been very little study on the situation of the reindeer herders during the Covid-19 pandemic, at least not on the Swedish side of Sábme. Our research project, which was mainly data collection, has contributed to highlight a few of the issues at stake and will hopefully result in more research and writing on this subject.</p
Näyttöön perustuvan käsihygienian toteutuminen Peruspalvelukuntayhtymä Kallion eräällä osastolla
No full textTIIVISTELMÄ
Tekijät: Päätalo Arto, Väisänen Mika & Öhman Mikko
Työn nimi: Näyttöön perustuvan käsihygienian toteutuminen PPKY Kallion eräällä osastolla
Tutkintonimike: Sairaanhoitaja AMK
Asiasanat: käsihygienia, aseptiikka, potilasturvallisuus
Hoitoon liittyvät infektiot ovat inhimillisten kärsimysten lisäksi myös merkittävä terveydenhuollon menoerä, sillä ne lisäävät sairaalassaolopäiviä ja altistavat potilaat komplikaatioille. Suuri osa hoitoon liittyvistä infektioista olisi estettävissä hyvän käsihygienian avulla.
Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli selvittää Peruspalvelukuntayhtymä Kallion erään osaston näyttöön perustuvan käsihygienian toteutuminen yksikössä ajanjaksolla 2/2015 – 2/2017 suoritettujen havainnointien aineistosta. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli kiinnittää huomiota henkilökunnan käsihygienian toteutumiseen.
Opinnäytetyön havaintomateriaali on kerätty toimeksiantajan hygieniahoitajien toimesta kvantitatiivisen tutkimuksen havainnointimenetelmällä, käyttäen hoitotyön tutkimussäätiön (Hotus) strukturoitua havainnointilomaketta. Käsien desinfektiota havainnoitiin desinfektioaineen hieronta-ajoista ennen potilaskontaktia, potilaskontaktin jälkeen, ennen puhdasta toimenpidettä, suojakäsineiden riisumisen jälkeen, sekä potilaan lähiympäristöön koskettamisen jälkeen. Lisäksi havainnoitiin desinfioitavista käsistä koruja ja kelloja, sekä kynsien pituutta ja rakennekynsiä.
Havainnointiaineiston perusteella PPKY Kallion eräällä osastolla on käsihygieniaosaamisessa parantamisen varaa. Näyttöön perustuva, riittävä käsien desinfektio toteutuu 22 %:ssa havainnoista, osittainen käsien desinfektio toteutuu 67 %:ssa havainnoista ja 11 %:ssa havainnoista käsiä ei desinfioida lainkaan. Heikoiten toteutui käsien desinfektio ennen potilaskontaktia; 29 %:ssa havainnoista hoitohenkilökunta laiminlöi täysin käsien desinfektion. Käsien desinfektiossa potilaan lähiympäristöön koskemisen jälkeen oli myös parantamisen varaa; 16 %:ssa havainnoista käsien desinfektiota ei tapahdu. Tulokset olivat osittain yhteneväisiä aiempien käsihygienian havainnointitutkimusten kanssa.
Havainnointiaineiston tulosten perusteella kehittämisehdotuksina yksikölle on käsihygieniakoulutuksen lisääminen, näyttöön perustuvien käsihygienian toimintamallien omaksuminen osaksi normaaleja rutiineja, sekä näyttöön perustuvan käsihygienian havainnointien jatkaminen hygieniahoitajien toimesta. ABSTRACT
Author(s): Päätalo Arto, Väisänen Mika & Öhman Mikko
Title of the Publication: Implementation of Evidence-based Hand Hygiene in One Ward within Kallio Joint Authority for Primary Health Care
Degree Title: Bachelor of Health Care, Nursing
Keywords: hand hygiene, protection against infections, patient safety
Treatment-related infections are a significant expenditure in health care. They expose patients to complications, increase the number of days patients stay in hospital and cause significant suffering. Most of these infections could be prevented with good hand hygiene.
The purpose of this thesis was to study if evidence-based hand hygiene was implemented appropriately in one ward within Kallio Joint Authority for Primary Health Care. The observations were made in 2/2015 – 2/2017. The objective of this thesis was to draw attention to the ward staffs' hand hygiene realization.
The observation material for this thesis was collected at Kallio by infection control nurses, using the quantitative observation research method and structured observation form provided by the Nursing Research Foundation (Hotus). Hand disinfection times were observed in five phases: before patient contact, after patient contact, before clean procedure, after taking off medical gloves and after touching patients' surroundings. Use of clocks, jewelry and artificial or too long nails was observed with the same form.
Based on the observation material there is a clear need to develop the staffs' infection control and prevention competence in this particular ward within Kallio Joint Authority for Primary Health Care. Evidence-based, appropriate hand disinfection was realized in 22 % of all observations and partial hand disinfection in 67 %. Hand disinfection was completely neglected in 11 % of the observed situations. Hand disinfection before patient contact showed the poorest implementation: hand hygiene before patient contact was completely neglected in 29 % of the observations. Hand disinfection after touching patients' surroundings would also need to be improved: in 16 % of the observations hand disinfection was completely neglected. The results are partially identical with previous observation research on hand hygiene.
Based on the results of the observation material, the staff's infection control and prevention competence could be improved by providing the staff with more hand hygiene training, implementing evidence-based hand hygiene procedures as part of everyday routines, and continuing the observations of evidence-based hand hygiene implementation by the infection control nurses
Contemporary Colonialism and Marginalized Indigenous Practice in Sweden’s Northern Forests : A Case Study on Reindeer Husbandry in Gällivare Forest Sámi Community
No full textReindeer husbandry in Sweden is a traditional livelihood activity conducted (exclusively*) by the Sámi, an Indigenous people whose land – a region called Sápmi – is broadly understood to extend across northern Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden, and Finland) and the Kola Peninsula in contemporary Russia. Reindeer husbandry in contemporary Sweden occurs in both the western mountainous regions and the eastern forests, but the concerns and challenges of reindeer herders in the forested regions are largely neglected in academic, political, economic, and other discourses. According to the traditional knowledge of Sámi reindeer herders, industrial forest landscape exploitation, including large-scale clear-cutting for timber and vast wind power developments, will have a profound impact on both reindeer and the herders themselves, threatening the viability of reindeer husbandry as a livelihood activity and a locus of Sámi cultural identity.Research into the complex and compounding impacts of forest use projects and policies was undertaken under the auspices of the Dálkke: Indigenous Climate Change project, led by Dr. May-Britt Öhman, at Uppsala University’s Centre for Multidisciplinary Studies on Racism. It included four weeks of close collaboration between the first author and Henrik Andersson, a Sámi reindeer herder, activist, and board member from the Gällivare Skogssameby (Forest Sámi community). Fieldwork methodologies included participatory observation and semi-structured interviews and complexity theory was used as the basis to develop a case study, which was then contextualized within Sweden’s colonial history and contemporary political and economic paradigm. This research was based on the understanding that the structural limitations of the Swedish settler-colonial state hinder the ability of Sámi people to engage in the traditional livelihood of reindeer husbandry and benefit from traditional uses of non-timber forest products. The state promotes corporate intrusion onto reindeer grazing and calving land and seizure of natural forest resources and this is encouraged by a combination of anti-Sámi racism and a sense of entitlement to these resources.The case study details the various compounding and interrelated system-level challenges to the survival of Henrik Andersson's reindeer and Indigenous way of life. These challenges and encroachments include (1) the development of vast wind power farms on calving and grazing land, (2) the devaluation of traditional knowledge in response to reindeer overpredation (particularly by bears), (3) industrial timber harvesting and unsuitable woodland plantation methods, (4) habitat fragmentation caused by transportation infrastructure, and (5) local hostility toward reindeer and the Sámi people. The impacts on traditional Sámi livelihood and cultural activities have been described individually in academic literature, but rarely as a complex system. Taken together, these encroachments may have impacts that are greater than the sum of their parts and must be addressed as interrelated expressions of a complex system rather than as a series of disparate and unrelated pressures.How to cite: Mumford, E., Öhman, M.-B., and Andersson, H.: Contemporary Colonialism and Marginalized Indigenous Practice in Sweden’s Northern Forests: A Case Study on Reindeer Husbandry in Gällivare Forest Sámi Community, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-10413, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-10413, 2022.* There is an exception to the exclusive Sámi reindeer herding rights in Sweden: In the eight so called concession villages in the northern most county, Norrbotten,, non-Sámi are allowed to pursue reindeer herding with special permission tby he County Administrative Board (Länsstyrelsen). </p
Interaction in text and hypertext : participant roles on corporate websites
No full textMånga globala företag ser idag webbplatsen som sitt främsta medium för extern företagskommunikation. Den dynamiska naturen hos detta medium gör att företagswebbplatser vanligtvis är tekniskt sett interaktiva. Denna egenskap är i sig ändå ingen garanti för interaktion mellan deltagarna i webbsidornas textuella innehåll. I denna studie undersöks skriftlig interaktion mellan företaget och dess publiker i företagsdiskurs, på två språk och i två webbsidegenrer. Interaktion definieras här som en projicerad dialog mellan deltagarna, synlig i texten och i hyperlänkarna i form av språkliga signaler. Materialet består av totalt 80 webbsidor på engelska och svenska från 20 amerikanska företag. Utifrån ett funktionellt lingvistiskt perspektiv analyseras hur företagen konstruerar sig själva och sina publiker i sina webbsidetexter samt hur dessa projicerade roller och interaktionen förändras mellan två språkversioner av samma webbplats. Dessutom undersöks om ett byte av målpublik påverkar
de projicerade rollerna; för detta ändamål jämförs sidor riktade till en allmän publik (företagspresentation) med sidor riktade till en specifik publik (karriär). Totalt sett visar resultaten att de två språkversionerna tillämpar relativt liknande strategier för interaktion, trots vissa skillnader mellan individuella företag. Företagen presenterar också ofta sig själva på ett konsekvent sätt i båda webbsidegenrerna, medan hänvisningarna och rollerna för publikerna ändras då man förflyttar sig från presentationssidan till karriärsidan. Företagets röst och framtoning förblir alltså densamma, medan publikens röst och framtoning förändras vid byte av målpublik. Oftast tilltalas publiken mer direkt och tillskrivs en större variation av roller på karriärsidorna, vilket leder till en starkare projicerad dialog i text mellan de två deltagarna. Dessa resultat ger vid handen att skillnaderna mellan de två webbsidegenrerna är större än skillnaderna mellan språkversionerna i det undersökta materialet.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
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