28,906 research outputs found
Intrinsic paramagnetic Meissner effect due to s-wave odd-frequency superconductivity
No full textIn 1933, Meissner and Ochsenfeld reported the expulsion of magnetic flux-the diamagnetic Meissner effect-from the interior of superconducting lead. This discovery was crucial in formulating the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity. In exotic superconducting systems BCS theory does not strictly apply. A classical example is a superconductor-magnet hybrid system where magnetic ordering breaks time-reversal symmetry of the superconducting condensate and results in the stabilization of an odd-frequency superconducting state. It has been predicted that under appropriate conditions, odd-frequency superconductivity should manifest in the Meissner state as fluctuations in the sign of the magnetic susceptibility, meaning that the superconductivity can either repel (diamagnetic) or attract (paramagnetic) external magnetic flux. Here, we report local probe measurements of faint magnetic fields in a Au=Ho=Nb trilayer system using low-energy muons, where antiferromagnetic Ho (4.5 nm) breaks time-reversal symmetry of the proximity-induced pair correlations in Au. From depth-resolved measurements below the superconducting transition of Nb, we observe a local enhancement of the magnetic field in Au that exceeds the externally applied field, thus proving the existence of an intrinsic paramagnetic Meissner effect arising from an odd-frequency superconducting state.Peer reviewe
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Origin and regenerative potential of vertebrate mechanoreceptor-associated stem cells
No full textWidera D, Hauser S, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Origin and regenerative potential of vertebrate mechanoreceptor-associated stem cells. Anatomy Research International. 2012;2012:1-9.Meissner corpuscles and Merkel cell neurite complexes are highly specialized mechanoreceptors present in the hairy and glabrous skin, as well as in different types of mucosa. Several reports suggest that after injury, such as after nerve crush, freeze injury, or dissection of the nerve, they are able to regenerate, particularly including reinnervation and repopulation of the mechanoreceptors by Schwann cells. However, little is known about mammalian cells responsible for these regenerative processes. Here we review cellular origin of this plasticity in the light of newly described adult neural crest-derived stem cell populations. We also discuss further potential multipotent stem cell populations with the ability to regenerate disrupted innervation and to functionally recover the mechanoreceptors. These capabilities are discussed as in context to cellularly reprogrammed Schwann cells and tissue resident adult mesenchymal stem cells
Decision of the G-BA for the mandatory Introduction and Implementation of Acute Pain Management Concepts - Significance and Perspectives of the Anesthesiology Field
No full textDecision of the G-BA for the mandatory Introduction and Implementation of Acute Pain Management Concepts - Significance and Perspectives of the Anesthesiology Field
No full textSome Observations on the Construction of Space in the Prose of W. G. Sebald
No full textPierwodruk: „Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze” 2016, nr 8.This essay discusses the relationship between how space is constructed in the works of W. G. Sebald, and a fundamental characteristic of his texts, namely their hybridity. The author focuses, in particular, on the function of photography in Sebald’s narrations. Photographs, though themselves iconographic signs with strong referentiality, do not eliminate a strong textualization of space in Sebald’s works.Katedra Teorii Literatury, Uniwersytet Łódzki814115
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Meissner holes in remagnetized superconductors
No full textFlux distributions on different faces of YBCO single crystals remagnetized by unidirectional and rotating fields are studied using advanced magneto-optical techniques. Unusual structures corresponding to the appearance of strong current concentration along certain fronts are found. At such fronts the vortex lines bend into closed loops which then collapse and form flux free cylinders. Strong magnetization currents along these Meissner holes result in essential flux redistribution and development of dynamical instabilities in the samples
RYR1 and RYR3 Have Different Roles in the Assembly of Calcium Release Units of Skeletal Muscle
No full textCalcium release units (CRUs) are junctions between the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and exterior membranes that mediates excitation contraction (e-c) coupling in muscle cells. In skeletal muscle CRUs contain two isoforms of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)release channel: ryanodine receptors type 1 and type 3 (RyR1 and RyR3). 1B5s are a mouse skeletal muscle cell line that carries a null mutation for RyR1 and does not express either RyR1 or RyR3. These cells develop dyspedic SR/exterior membrane junctions (i.e., dyspedic calcium release units, dCRUs) that contain dihydropyridine receptors (DHPRs) and triadin, two essential components of CRUs, but no RyRs (or feet). Lack of RyRs in turn affects the disposition of DHPRs, which is normally dictated by a linkage to RyR subunits. In the dCRUs of 1B5 cells, DHPRs are neither grouped into tetrads nor aligned in two orthogonal directions. We have explored the structural role of RyR3 in the assembly of CRUs in 1B5 cells independently expressing either RyR1 or RyR3. Either isoform colocalizes with DHPRs and triadin at the cell periphery. Electron microscopy shows that expression of either isoform results in CRUs containing arrays of feet, indicating the ability of both isoforms to be targeted to dCRUs and to assemble in ordered arrays in the absence of the other. However, a significant difference between RyR1- and RyR3-rescued junctions is revealed by freeze fracture. While cells transfected with RyR1 show restoration of DHPR tetrads and DHPR orthogonal alignment indicative of a link to RyRs, those transfected with RyR3 do not. This indicates that RyR3 fails to link to DHPRs in a specific manner. This morphological evidence supports the hypothesis that activation of RyR3 in skeletal muscle cells must be indirect and provides the basis for failure of e-c coupling in muscle cells containing RyR3 but lacking RyR1 (see the accompanying report, )
Buffer-stock Saving and Households' Response to Income Shocks
No full textThis is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Fella, G., Frache, S. and Koeniger, W. (2020), BUFFER‐STOCK SAVING AND HOUSEHOLDS' RESPONSE TO INCOME SHOCKS. International Economic Review. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1111/iere.12459
, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/iere.12459. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions
Oddanie czci kurzowi. W. G. Sebald i czytanie w tropach
No full textFew writers paid as much attention to dust as W. G. Sebald. The author of Austerlitz saw in it „the lowest sign of annihilation” and a “boundary between being and nothingness,” an elegiac way of making the dead present in the text. For Sebald, all the ways of reading the past were “reading (in) dust,” making this particular way close to prophesying. The author of the essay follows Sebald’s opinion, tracing various forms and manifestations of the “prophetic epistemological paradigm.” Reading the irregular, reading „what has never been written,” has also its political aspect of (re)thinking the past from the remains of destruction. This is how dust becomes critical and subversive matter
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