1,720,957 research outputs found
El cultivo de cuitlacoche (ustilago maydis) en invernadero por los campesinos de San Miguel Xochitecatitla, Natívitas, Tlaxcala
No full textTerritorial disputes between pequi agro-extractivism and the agribusiness in the substitution of the Cerrado instead of agribusiness : study of the microregions Porto Franco (MA) and Jalapão (TO)
No full textOrientador: Vicente Eudes Lemos AlvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de GeociênciasResumo: O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma do Brasil, sua superfície corresponde a aproximadamente 21% do território do país. É considerado a Savana Tropical mais biodiversa do mundo e fornece grandes quantidades de água para as principais bacias hidrográficas do país. Porém, a inserção do agronegócio capitalista reflete em intenso desmatamento do bioma que, nos últimos 35 anos, perdeu quase a metade da sua superfície original. O pequizeiro é uma árvore de valor identitário do Cerrado, amplamente distribuída no bioma e faz parte da cultura regional dos povos tradicionais. Os objetivos do trabalho foram analisar os processos organizacionais, as estratégias de resistência e os modos de vida das organizações dos agroextrativistas do pequi no contexto da disputa pela terra com a expansão do agronegócio nas microrregiões de Porto Franco-MA e Jalapão-TO. Foram realizadas duas saídas a campo, em que foram coletadas informações por meio de entrevistas e diário de campo. Verificou-se que o pequi faz parte da cultura dos camponeses e indígenas, com a persistência de seu uso nos modos de vida, principalmente como complemento alimentar na dieta básica da população. O fruto é intensamente consumido na época da safra e comercializado de maneira informal pelos camponeses, com venda do fruto in natura para atravessadores de outras regiões. Somente uma organização comercializa derivados do fruto no mercado local e outra se encontra inoperante no momento, mas realiza uma festa anual do pequi. As principais razões do fracasso da produção e comercialização do pequi em uma rede articulada incluem: a falta de acompanhamento e análise dos resultados dos apoios governamentais e não governamentais recebidos; as regiões conservadas não têm projetos estruturados de conservação ambiental; travas na legislação e falta de capacitação e investimento para cumprimento das obrigações fito sanitárias para inclusão nos programas de apoio ao agroextrativismo; desinteresse e falta de perspectivas dos jovens das microrregiões para o agroextrativismo; ausência da participação e protagonismo das mulheres. Foi observada marcante despolitização das organizações agroextrativistas, sem posturas críticas com a identidade camponesa e com o agroextrativismo, pois atuam desconectadas dos movimentos sociais no campo. As disputas territoriais baseadas na estratégia de construção de atividades produtivas diante do avanço dos monocultivos capitalistas carecem de força, facilitando a expansão do agronegócio de forma alarmanteAbstract: The Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil, its surface corresponds to approximately 21% of territory of the country. It is considered the most biologically diverse tropical savanna in the world and provides great amounts of water to the main river basins of the country. However, the insertion of the agribusiness capitalist reflected in intense deforestation biome that in the last 35 years, has lost nearly half of original surface. The pequizeiro is a value tree identity of the Cerrado, widely distributed biome and is part of the regional culture of traditional peoples. The objectives were to analyze organizational processes, strategies of resistance and ways of life of the organizations agroextractivist of the pequi in the context of disputes over land with the expansion of agribusiness in micro Porto Franco-MA and Jalapão-TO. There were two field works, which information were collected through interviews and field diary. It was found that Pequi is part of peasant and indigenous culture, the persistence of its use in the ways of life, especially as a food supplement in the basic diet of the population. The fruit is intensely consumed at the crop time and marketed informally by the peasants, which sales of fresh fruit for middlemen from other regions. Only an organization sells derived the fruit for local market and another is inoperative at the moment but carries an annual pequi party. The main reasons for the failure of the production and marketing of pequi in an articulated network include: lack of monitoring and analysis of the results of governmental and non-governmental support received, the conserved regions do not have structured projects for environmental conservation; blocks in legislation and lack training and investment to satisfy the obligations phyto sanitary for inclusion in support programs agroextractivism; desinterest and lack of prospects for young people for agroextractivism, lack of participation and role of women. It was observed striking depoliticization of organizations agroextractivist without critical positions with the peasant identity and with agroextractivism because they act disconnected from rural social movements. Disputes territorial-based strategy of building productive activities before advancing monocultures capitalists lack of strength, facilitating the expansion of agribusiness alarminglyMestradoAnálise Ambiental e Dinâmica TerritorialMestre em Geografi
Colonialismo, marginalização e permanência do huauhtli em Morelos e Puebla, México
Get PDFThe huauhtli was domesticated by the native peoples of central Mexico, and between 1500 and 900 B.C., its cultivation was already widespread among the people of the region. This plant is included as a historical food heritage in rural localities in eastern Morelos, in Huazulco and Amilcingo, municipality of Temoac, in the Amatzinac Ravine (Barranca del Amatzinac) region; and also, in the small cities on the slopes south of the Popocatépetl volcano, belonging to the municipality of Tochimilco and Atzitzihuacán. The pueblos of Morelos, in addition to cultivating the huauhtli, are specialized in the elaboration of products based on amaranth. In the communities of the volcano this plant is cultivated since ancient times, and today they are the main producers nationwide. These peoples protected the varieties of huauhtli, even in disastrous conditions, such as the loss of irrigation water, through the use of ancestral memory, agriculture, religiosity and identity, which is observed in the calendrical religious times. Since 2008, field work has been carried out in the region, mainly visits, tours, participation in community and government events, and semi-structured interviews with farmers, workshop members, authorities and organizations. The permanence of the uses of huauhtli as the main economic activity is shown, both in the elaboration of products in Morelos and in the sale of seeds in Puebla. Amaranth remained in these populations with community ties, resisting food colonialism, colonial contempt, republican oblivion and capitalist insolence.El huauhtli fue domesticado por los pueblos originarios del centro de México, y entre 1500 y 900 a.C. ya estaba generalizado su cultivo entre los habitantes de la región. Esta planta es comprendida como patrimonio histórico alimentario en localidades campesinas del oriente de Morelos, en Huazulco y Amilcingo, municipio de Temoac, en la región de la barranca del Amatzinac; y también, en los pueblos en las laderas al sur del volcán Popocatépetl, pertenecientes al municipio de Tochimilco y Atzitzihuacán. Los pueblos de Morelos, además de cultivar el huauhtli, son especializados en la elaboración de productos a base de amaranto. En los pueblos del volcán esta planta se cultiva de forma muy antigua, y hoy son los principales productores a nivel nacional. Estos pueblos protegieron las variedades de huauhtli, incluso en condiciones desastrosas, como la pérdida del agua de riego, a través del uso de la memoria ancestral, agricultura, religiosidad e identidad, que se observada en las fiestas y ferias calendáricas. Desde el 2008, se realiza trabajo de campo en la región, se han efectuado visitas, recorridos, participación en eventos comunitarios y gubernamentales, y entrevistas semiestructuradas con los campesinos, miembros de los talleres, autoridades y organizaciones. Se muestra la permanencia de los usos del huauhtli como principal actividad económica, tanto en la elaboración de productos en Morelos, como en la venta de las semillas en Puebla. El amaranto permaneció en estas poblaciones con vínculos comunitarios, resistiendo el colonialismo alimentario, el desprecio colonial, el olvido republicano y la insolencia capitalista.O huauhtli foi domesticado pelos povos originarios do centro do México, e entre 1500 y 900 a.C. já estava generalizado o seu cultivo entre os habitantes da região. Esta planta é comprendida como patrimônio histórico alimentaria em localidades camponesas do oriente de Morelos, em Huazulco e Amilcingo, município de Temoac, na região da “Barranca del Amatzinac”; e também, nos povos das ladeiras ao sul do vulcão Popocatépetl, pertencentes ao município de Tochimilco e Atzitzihuacán. As localidades de Morelos, ademais de cultivar o huauhtli, são especializados na elaboração de produtos à base de amaranto. Nas comunidades do volcão, esta planta se cultiva de forma muito antiga, e hoje são os principais produtores a nível nacional. Estes pueblos protegieram as variedades de huauhtli, incluso em condições desastrosas, como a perda da agua de irrigação, a través do uso da memória ancestral, agricultura, religiosidade e identidade, que se observam nas festas e feiras do calendário religioso. Desde o ano 2008, se realiza trabalho de campo na região, visitas foram feitas, recorridos, participação em eventos comunitários e governamentais, e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os camponeses, membros das fábricas pequenas, autoridades e organizações. Se muestra a permanencia dos usos do huauhtli como principal atividade económica, tanto em a elaboração de produtos em Morelos, como na venta das sementes em Puebla. O amaranto permaneció en estas populações com vínculos comunitários, resistindo o colonialismo alimentar, o desprecio colonial, o esquecimento republicano e a insolência capitalista
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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