9,227 research outputs found
Levels without Bosses? Entrepreneurship and Valve's Organizational Design
No full textValve is a “flat” company without a management hierarchy or traditional boss roles: instead of top-down organization and management, Valve employees are free to work on whatever projects they choose and to convince other employees to join collaborative groups. Decision-making is thus “democratized” rather than centralized in key management positions. This peculiar structure, or lack thereof, seems to challenge conventional ideas about organization not only in the video game business but also business in general. We say “seems to” because, as we will explain, the company’s story is more complicated than either its supporters or critics tend to acknowledge. In this chapter, we explore Valve’s economic organization and discuss the challenges it faces. We thereby provide a clearer and more comprehensive story of this organization, while also providing a foundation for future research on the gaming industry as well as on economic organization more generally. In particular, we use our survey of Valve’s unique organization to draw implications for theories of entrepreneurship, projects, strategy formation, and organizational capabilities. To do this, we draw on a range of publicly available data and first-hand accounts of the company, as well as available secondary literature. We also use the case of Half-Life 3, a highly-demanded-yet-never-made game, and Half-Life: Alyx, as examples of challenges organizations such as Valve face
Economic Calculation and the Limits of Social Entrepreneurship
No full textThe problem of economic calculation is relevant outside the extremes of purely for-profit enterprise and socialist central planning: calculation is also a vital lens through which to view alternative forms of economic organization in the market economy. This chapter examines one such example: the growing field of social entrepreneurship. Although it attracts major interest in management studies, social entrepreneurship has received scant attention from economists. This chapter resolves this oversight by placing the theory of social entrepreneurship on an economic foundation. It outlines the economic meaning of social behavior and shows that conventional market entrepreneurship is deeply social, while at the same time, social ventures are inevitably bound up with some kind of profit motive. This implies that the line between social and conventional entrepreneurship is not as clear as is sometimes thought. Importantly, social enterprises must engage in economic calculation if they want to survive in competitive markets. This means they must rely on external prices for the goods and services they produce, as without them they cannot estimate the social opportunity costs of their decisions
Matthew Henry: The Bible, Prayer, and Piety – A Tercentenary Celebration
No full textThe summer of 2014 marked the tercentenary of the death of Matthew Henry (1662–1714), a leading figure among early eighteenth-century Dissenters and author of the six-volume Exposition of the Old and New Testaments (1707–1714/25). This monumental work, which by 1855 had already been published in twenty-five different editions, attempted a peculiarly practical approach to the biblical text and continues to be widely used and readily accessible even today in both print and online versions. The theme of foreign (or ‘strange’) wives and Israelite intermarriage is one which occurs throughout the Hebrew Bible and, accordingly, throughout Matthew Henry’s commentary upon it. Where it appears, the practice of intermarriage is characterized by Henry as (at best) unwise and (at worst) a very real threat to both social and religious cohesion. This essay explores how Henry deals with the issue of ‘strange wives’, why he believes they continue to pose a threat, and (in view of the overall intention of his commentary) what ‘practical observations’ he offers to his reader as a result. In doing so it is argued that Henry’s commentary traces a thematic thread from the ante-diluvian age to the post-exilic period of calamities resulting from mixed marriages between ‘professors of religion’ and their ‘strange wives’
Citation expectations: are they realized? Study of the Matthew index for Russian papers published abroad
Full text linkWe consider the "Matthew effect" in the citation process which leads to reallocation (or misallocation) of the citations received by scientific papers within the same journals. The case when such reallocation correlates with a country where an author works is investigated. Russian papers in chemistry and physics published abroad were examined. We found that in both disciplines in about 60% of journals Russian papers are cited less than average ones. However, if we consider each discipline as a whole, citedness of a Russian paper in physics will be on the average level, while chemistry publications receive about 16% citations less than one may expect from the citedness of the journals where they appear. Moreover, Russian chemistry papers mostly become undercited in the leading journals of the field. Characteristics of a "Matthew index" indicator and its significance for scientometric studies are also discussed
An Interview with Matthew Kaiser on Competition and Play
No full textAn Interview with Matthew Kaiser on Competition and Play, by Sean Scanlan. Matthew Kaiser, the author of The World in Play: Portraits of a Victorian Concept (Stanford UP, 2012) says that “[c]ompetition is the disease from which modern life suffers,” and that “[c]ompetition is the only cure” for this suffering. This contradictory pairing seems to get at the heart of his thesis: play, as a totalizing, umbrella-like concept, emanates from a host of philosophical, political, and scientific work produced by Victorians who posed many of their ideas of play in sports metaphors, competitive logics, and narratives of struggle. Kaiser goes beyond the dichotomy of competition and play/competition or play, by stating “I’m interested in the totalizing potential of both concepts, the way that play, or competition for that matter, swallows the world whole, becomes in the minds of so many people, the organizing principle of reality, whether of culture or nature or consciousness, or of all three.
Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series: Matthew Goldman, Class of 2022
No full textThe Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series seeks to give our readers further insight into the Articles and Notes published in the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal. In this interview, Matthew Goldman discusses his Note, Fragmented Music Copyright Protection: A Better Arrangement, which was published in Volume 40, Issue 3.
This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on November 7, 2023. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above
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Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series: Matthew Goldman, Class of 2022
No full textThe Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series seeks to give our readers further insight into the Articles and Notes published in the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal. In this interview, Matthew Goldman discusses his Note, Fragmented Music Copyright Protection: A Better Arrangement, which was published in Volume 40, Issue 3.
This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on November 7, 2023. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above
Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series: Matthew Goldman, Class of 2022
Full text linkThe Cardozo AELJ Author Interview Series seeks to give our readers further insight into the Articles and Notes published in the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal. In this interview, Matthew Goldman discusses his Note, Fragmented Music Copyright Protection: A Better Arrangement, which was published in Volume 40, Issue 3.
This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on November 7, 2023. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above
Austrian perspectives on entrepreneurship, strategy, and organization
No full textNo abstract availabl
Matthew and Mark
No full textThe author of the Gospel of Matthew was arguably the very first Christian seeking to rejudaize Jesus of Nazareth. Throughout two millennia, and undeniably most intensively during the last half-century, many students of the Bible have followed in his footsteps. Although he was successful in many respects, we must not forget who paid the price for his endeavour: the Pharisees, the proto-Rabbis and the Founding Fathers of those we know as the Jewish people, those whom Jesus knew as his own
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