17 research outputs found
Desde los núcleos de aprendizajes prioritarios hasta las evaluaciones de clase : estudio de la alineación curricular en la asignatura ciencias naturales. Provincia de Salta, Argentina
Get PDFFil: Manente, Mayra Ileana. Universidad de San Andrés. Escuela de Educación; Argentina
Cambio Climático, indagaciones sobre las concepciones en alumnos de nivel secundario
Get PDFActualmente, contamos con diversas investigaciones que buscan caracterizar los aspectos del cambio climático, procurando disminuir (o incluso revertir) los factores antropogénicos que pueden incrementar dicho calentamiento global. Tal es su importancia, que actualmente el trabajo sobre estos factores antropogénicos forma parte de los objetivos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). En este contexto no resulta sorprendente que se haya incorporado al concepto de cambio climático a la currícula escolar de la Nueva Escuela Secundaria (NES). Hoy, distintas asignaturas (pertenecientes al área de las ciencias Exactas y Naturales) entre ellas las asignaturas Física y Fisicoquímica. Siguiendo el Modelo de Aprendizaje Cognitivo Consciente y Sustentable (MACCS) toda información que se presente a los estudiantes requiere de conceptos anclaje que permitan incorporar la información nueva a la red de conceptos que nuestros estudiantes traen, estos conceptos sostén pueden tratarse de ideas previas, por lo tanto nos puede resultar útil contar con ellas a la hora de dar clase. En el mundo actual las ideas previas sobre el cambio climático (y conceptos afines) se construyen de modo colectivo, siendo el producto de la suma sinérgica de un escaso aprendizaje durante el trayecto escolar, un saber popular y familiar, y la influencia de los medios de comunicación en los individuos. Destacándose la labor de estos últimos, ya que, en muchos casos debido a la falta de formación adecuada terminan distribuyen conceptos erróneos en forma masiva; información carente de sentido a la luz de los modelos científicos en boga pero formador de ideas y posiciones en la población. Estas ideas previas se encuentran atadas a la realidad local y por ello suelen repetirse casi de modo uniforme en una población regional, por lo tanto,pueden servirnos para ‘anclar’ los nuevos conocimientos. Por esa razón, el presente trabajo continúa con el estudio de las concepciones alternativas de alumnos de escuelas privadas dela Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, buscando sentar precedentes para poder inferir cuales son los principales obstáculos subyacentes en el aprendizaje de dicha comunidad. Para ello,se realizaron una serie de encuestas individuales que buscaban entender cuál es el grado de entendimiento y relación respecto a los conceptos de Cambio Climático, Efecto Invernadero y Capa de Ozono. Dicho estudio revela una disparidad entre el modelo conceptual propio dela cotidianidad y el científicamente aceptado. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes encuestados asocian el cambio climático con el calor o bien el aumento de temperatura; que solamente identifican a los rayos solares de tipo UV como única emisión; muestran una construcción del proceso de efecto invernadero en la cual admiten que los rayos solares son retenidos, lo cual ignora por completo la relación entre temperatura de un cuerpo y la emisión de rayos infrarrojos. Estas ideas, si bien no se apegan a los modelos avalados por las ciencias, parece compartir interpretaciones parcialmente acertadas por el mismo. Aún así se pudo apreciar una profunda confusión entre los conceptos de gases de efecto invernadero,calentamiento global, cambio climático, clima y capa de ozono; una carencia de nociones sobre el equilibrio radiativo en la atmósfera.Fil: Manente, Mayra Ileana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Franzoni, J.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Quiñonez, W.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Martín, Rodrigo Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; Argentina104a Reunión de la Asociación Argentina de FísicaArgentinaAsociación Física Argentin
Do concept-maps serve as an appropriate scaffold for problem-based learning environments?
No full textCollaborative learning designs, such as problem-based learning (PBL), have the potential to help students build valuable team-based professional skills needed for life after schooling within higher-educational settings (Desimone, 2009; Savery, 2006); however, motivating students to work together to successfully achieve outcomes often proves challenging. Research has shown that high-quality socially shared regulation (SSR) can improve these outcomes, but research is limited in determining the best instructional practices, and scaffolds, for fostering interdependence and sustained collaboration. The purpose of this study was to use Belland, Kim, and Hannafin's (2013) framework for designing scaffolds, that aims to improve on motivation and cognition, to extend previous research conducted by Manente (2014) and Rogat & Linnenbrink-Garcia (2011; 2013), and determine whether incorporating concept maps into PBL tasks would improve student performance and increase the frequency and quality of SSR. This mixed methods study took place within an educational psychology course at a large university. Participants were 16 undergraduate sophomore and graduate students who were divided into 4 groups, trained in the use of concept maps, and then engaged in three PBL conditions during the semester-PBL-Independent, PBL-Positive Interdependence, and PBL-High Positive Interdependence. Quantitative analyses of student scores on problem solutions and comprehension assessment scores showed students had the highest scores in the PBL-High Positive Interdependence condition. This study showed that the addition of concept maps contributed to the improvement of student scores on comprehension assessments, by comparing students' performance with students' performance on comprehension assessments from Manente's (2014) study. Qualitative analysis of group interactions showed that groups exhibited high quality SSR during the PBL-High Positive Interdependence condition, and processes of task planning, content planning and content monitoring were the most frequently used across groups. Overall, findings supported the use of concept maps as a tool to increase the effectiveness of PBL and students SSR and effective group skills. Areas of future exploration were also identified, including but not limited to, examining the degree to which concept maps impact cognitive load, and determining ways to effectively and gradually fade out hard scaffolds in order to promote independence.Ed.D.Includes bibliographical reference
Intercultural perspective in teacher training: Astronomy as an entry point
No full textCon el objetivo de incorporar en los profesorados de Física una perspectiva intercultural, nos preguntamos qué contenidos disciplinares actuales podrían comenzar a ser abordados desde esta perspectiva. Comenzamos por explorar el estado actual del campo en relación exclusiva a la enseñanza de ciencia intercultural, haciendo foco en relaciones directas con la Física, por lo que presentamos aquí una síntesis de las publicaciones de los últimos cinco años, encontradas hasta el momento. Las mismas fueron categorizadas en función a su abordaje, de dimensiones teóricas o de relación con la puesta en práctica. Desarrollando aquí las categorías: Reflexiones sobre la puesta en práctica, Objetos frontera y Experiencias de puesta en práctica, encontramos coincidencias que nos permiten señalar al concepto de esfera celeste como aquel que facilitaría la incorporación de una perspectiva intercultural en los profesorados de Física.With the aim of incorporating an intercultural perspective into Physics teacher training programs, we ask ourselves which current disciplinary contents could begin to be addressed from this perspective. We started out by exploring the current state of the field exclusively in relation to intercultural science education, focusing on direct relationships with Physics. Therefore, we present here a synthesis of publications from the past five years that we have found so far. These publications were categorized based on their approach, whether related to theoretical dimensions or to the practical implementation. Developing the following categories: Reflections on Practical Implementation, Boundary Objects, and Practical Implementation Experiences, we find coincidences that allow us to identify the concept of the celestial sphere as the one that would facilitate the incorporation of an intercultural perspective into Physics teacher training programs
Il rifiuto del coacquisto e l’estromissione del bene dalla comunione legale: spunti critici in merito alla recente involuzione delle Sezioni Unite
No full textIl saggio propone una rivisitazione in chiave critica dell’orientamento, da ultimo affermato dalle Sezioni Unite, vólto a negare a tutt’oggi l’ammissibilità del rifiuto del coacquisto e dell’estromissione del bene manente communione. La questione viene infatti riesaminata in chiave evolutiva, avendo riguardo: a) all’interpretazione sistematica ad assiologica; b) al superamento dello pseudo principio di specialità del diritto di famiglia; c) alla meritevo-lezza della causa (“concreta” o “atipica”) del negozio familiare; d) all’attuale assetto del sistema della trascrizione degli atti. Ciò al fine di sostenere la praticabilità di operazioni negoziali convenienti al mé-nage familiare in un contesto avulso da vecchi dogmi e vuoti tecnici-smi e aperto ad una applicazione funzionale ed elastica del nuovo diritto di famiglia.The essay offers a critical approach to the question of the ‘rifiuto del coacquisto’ and ‘estromissione del bene’ manente communione (according to the last perspective of the Italian Supreme Court). The topic is reviewed by the author by applying a new way of interpreting Family Law, by disapplying the false principle of ‘speciality’ of Family Law (compared to the Contract Law), by enhancing the ‘cause’ (‘concrete’ and ‘atypical’) of private acts, by reconsidering the system of ‘trascrizione’. Just to sustain the viability of negotiated agreements convenient to the ménage, according to a more flexible application of our current Italian Family Law
Absence, defeat and resistance: Juan Gelman\'s poetry in exile
No full textA presente dissertação dedica-se a analisar sete poemas do poeta Juan Gelman (1930- 2014), presentes em cinco livros diferentes, com o objetivo de investigar como o exílio aparece em tais poemas e obras, principalmente ao longo dos anos que separam as publicações. Para isto, foi necessário também, pesquisar sobre o contexto histórico argentino, bem como aspectos biográficos do autor relevantes para o desenvolvimento da dissertaçãoThe present dissertation dedicates to analyze seven poems from the poet Juan Gelman (1930-2014) that appear in five different books, with a goal to investigate how the exile manifests itself in such poems and in his work, especially throughout the years that separates the publications. To this end, it was also necessary to research the historical context of Argentina, as well as biographical aspects of the author relevant to the development of the dissertatio
Life skills and employment outcomes for individuals with ASD
No full textAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disability with a rising prevalence rate. Literature reveals that individuals with ASD often lack independence in life skills and are consistently underrepresented in employment. This mixed-methods study elicited the perspectives of and experiences in life skills education and employment outcomes of adults with ASD and their parents. The current study was framed within Explicit Direct Instruction (EDI), Behaviorism, Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA), and literature-based theoretical components surrounding life skills instruction. Surveys and interviews were modeled after the NTLS-2 and were administered to adults with ASD as well as their parents. Semi-structured interviews expanded upon survey questions to give voice to individuals with ASD and their parents. Surveys and interviews explored life skills educational experiences in K-12 education and the association with employment status.
Survey results were analyzed with chi-square analysis and Cramer’s V was calculated to measure the effect. Interviews were inductively and deductively coded to establish themes. Results from this study indicated that job sites and practice of specific skills including household chores and pre-employment skills were beneficial aspects of life skills instruction and were linked to successful employment following high school graduation. Results also revealed many shortcomings, including a need for more practice in social skills, more time spent practicing specific skills, more communication between parents and teachers, and a need for more individualized programming in K-12 life skills education. Results also suggested parent dissatisfaction with the NJ State System, specifically the Division of Developmental Disabilities.
Findings from this study also provided insight as to which components are necessary to incorporate in K-12 life skills instruction to promote the most successful post-secondary outcome leading to employment. Finally, implications and recommendations for restructuring life skills programs and curricula are provided. Most importantly, the findings of this study give voice to a group of individuals that are usually neglected.Ed.D.Includes bibliographical reference
Riesgos antiguos en ciudades modernas. Percepción del riesgo y obstáculos epistemológicos
Get PDFPartiendo desde la perspectiva sistémica de las Ciencias de la Tierra y del conocimiento sobre los obstáculos didácticos en el área, se diseñó un taller orientado a docentes y estudiantes de profesorado de todos los niveles, basado en pensar la idea de riesgo que se presenta en los medios de comunicación y la percepción del mismo. El objetivo principal fue proveerles algunas herramientas que, por un lado, permitiesen al público definir al riesgo geológico y, por otro, algunas orientaciones que les permitiera incorporarlos en la enseñanza de diferentes disciplinas. El taller fue llevado a cabo en el marco de un encuentro de docentes y estudiantes de profesorado de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ciencias Sociales. Se presentan las actividades realizadas durante el taller. Debido a la falta de formación previa en Geociencias y, en particular, en riesgo geológico, los participantes afirmaron que la realización de actividades que pusieran de manifiesto de manera explícita la relación entre los diversos contenidos y los obstáculos para su comprensión a través los medios de comunicación resultó muy novedosa e interesante.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació
Estética da existência e cinismo em Foucault: a vida outra como forma de resistência ética e política
No full textThis article presents an analysis of how the issue of resistance is dealt with by Michel
Foucault in his latest researches, particularly those presented by the author
in the courses of the Collège de France in the early 1980s. By shifting the focus of
his studies to the notions of truth (truth-telling) and government (the conduct of
conduct), always taken in relation to the constitution of the subject - which is a permanent
theme in Foucauldian investigations -, a new problematic emerges, marked
by ethical and political issues. In this new framework of problems, we intend to
clarify the possible relations between the themes of the aesthetics of existence and
cynicism, thought as a way of life, and the more general issue of resistance to power.Este artigo traz uma análise sobre a forma como a questão da resistência é tratada por Michel Foucault em suas últimas pesquisas, particularmente na- quelas apresentadas pelo autor nos cursos do Collège de France a partir dos anos 1980. Com o deslocamento do foco de seus estudos para as noções de verdade (dizer-a-verdade) e de governo (condução das condutas), tomadas sempre em sua relação com a constituição do sujeito — esta uma questão per- manente nas investigações foucaultianas, observa-se a formação de uma nova problemática, marcada por questões éticas e políticas. Nesse novo quadro de problemas, tencionamos esclarecer as possíveis relações dos temas da estética da existência e do cinismo, pensados como modo de vida, com a questão mais geral da resistência ao poder
Fundamentos do Pensamento Moral em Kant
Get PDFThe article intends to study the moral thought in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, considered the first of the philosophers who composes the movement known as German Idealism, especially in the book "Critique of Practical Reason". To achieve the objective the article begins with the traces of the moral studies at Kants time and its fundamental questions as well as traces of his formation that influenced his writings. Soon after, it analyzes the Kantian thought itself, through the work "The Idea of Justice in Kant", from Joaquim Carlos Salgado, theoretical framework of this research. It will be analyzed the postulate of freedom and its relationship with the sollen and the moral law, the species of imperatives, the categorical imperative and equality, connections that the moral theory makes for the existence of positive law and that the author considers the greater pillar of the Idea of justice from the Prussian philosophers point of of view. The methodology used in the research is theoretical, based on the analysis of the theoretical framework and its relationship to other publications concerning the same subject.O artigo pretende estudar o pensamento moral na filosofia de Immanuel Kant, considerado o primeiro dos filósofos que compõe o movimento conhecido como Idealismo Alemão, sobretudo na obra Crítica da Razão Prática. Para isto, introdutoriamente, traça os estudos morais com os quais Kant se depara em sua época e as questões fundamentais que tenta responder, além de traços de sua formação que o influenciaram. Logo após, analisa-se o pensamento kantiano propriamente dito, por meio da obra A Ideia de justiça em Kant, de Joaquim Carlos Salgado, marco teórico desta pesquisa. São analisados o postulado da liberdade e sua relação com o dever - ser e a lei moral, as espécies de imperativos, o imperativo categórico e a igualdade, abertura que a teoria moral deixa para a existência do direito positivo e que o autor considera o pilar maior da Ideia de justiça do filósofo prussiano. A metodologia usada na pesquisa é teórica, a partir da análise da obra marco teórico e sua relação com outras publicações referentes ao mesmo tema
