1,721,070 research outputs found
Children's verbalizations of motion events in German
Full text linkRecent studies in language acquisition have paid much attention to linguistic diversity and have begun to show that language properties may have an impact on how children construct and organize their representations. With respect to motion events, Talmy (2000) has proposed a typological distinction between satellite-framed (S) languages that encode PATH in satellites, leaving the verb root free for the expression of MANNER, and verb-framed (V) languages that encode PATH in the verb, requiring MANNER to be expressed in the periphery of the sentence. This distinction has lead to the hypothesis (Slobin 1996) that MANNER should be more salient for children learning S-languages, who should have no difficulty combining it with PATH, as compared to those learning V-languages. This hypothesis was tested in a corpus elicited from German children and adults who had to verbalize short animated cartoons showing motion events, and the results are compared with previous analyses of French and English corpora elicited in an identical situation (Hickmann et al. 2009). As predicted, and as previously found for English, German children from three years on systematically express both MANNER (in the verb root) and PATH (in particles), in sharp contrast to French children, who rarely package MANNER and PATH together. These results suggest that, when they are engaged in communication, children construct spatial representations in accordance with the particular properties of their mother tongue. Future research is necessary to determine the extent to which cross-linguistic differences in production may reflect deeper differences in the allocation of attention and in conceptual organization
Contrastive and additive relations in discourse
No full textThe aim of the study in object is to focus on cognitive and linguistic determinants of language acquisition in a
cross-linguistic perspective that takes into account discourse factors in language use. The study is framed within a large
comparative approach that combines many languages (and language families) and different types of speakers (children
and adults) focusing on effects of diversity. The research questions are concerned with the relation between language and cognition with respect to contrastive and additive relations in discourse. The study
considers two main research themes: 1) typological constraints across languages and uncovering their cognitive
implications for native speakers; 2) processes of conceptualization and reconceptualization during L1/L2 acquisition. In addition, it simultaneously addresses two specific research questions in each domain: 1) the study of
cross-linguistic differences in speakers’ output, as measured in production tasks aiming at studying the impact of
language-specific properties on how speakers organize information in discourse; 2) the study of the cognitive
underpinnings underlying these different outputs, as measured by a variety of psycholinguistic tools aiming at providing
access to speakers’ internal representations (e.g. eye movements, categorization, memory), mainly in relation to
productions elicited in controlled situations. Finally, the work examines these questions in two types of data bases for which some
corpora are already available or in progress and others will be collected in new experimental situations and in new
languages: 1) native speakers of different languages and 2) different types of learners, including children acquiring their
first language, bilingual children acquiring two languages simultaneously, adults acquiring a second language, and
balanced bilingual adults
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Soutenance d'HDR de Sandra Benazzo
No full textVendredi 7 décembre 2012, 14h : soutenance d'HDR de Sandra Benazzo : « Structure informationnelle et organisation du discours dans l’acquisition des langues secondes » Paris, site CNRS-Pouchet (59, rue Pouchet – 75017 Paris), salle des conférences. Composition du Jury : - Maya HICKMANN, directrice de recherche CNRS (directrice) - Harriet JISA, professeure, Université Lyon 2 (pré-rapporteur) - Brenda LACA, professeure, Université Paris 8 - Wolfgang KLEIN, directeur de recherche, Institut Max ..
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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