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Géothermie dans les réservoirs silico-clastiques : Apport de l'étude d'un analogue de terrain (Grès de Roda) pour la modélisation des hétérogénéités sédimentaires du réservoir argilo-sableux de l'Albien du Bassin de Paris
No full textThe Île-de-France region benefits from a favorable geological context for deep low-energy geothermal energy to increase the share of renewable energies in energy consumption. Since the Middle Jurassic reservoir is highly solicited, the Albian sands aquifer, located at approximately 650 meters depth with temperatures ranging from 28 to 38°C, is also targeted for heat production. Although it presents good hydrogeological characteristics, the exploitation of the Albien is hindered by the clogging of injection wells by fine particles originating from unisolated clayey layers. Therefore, a thorough geological understanding of the reservoir is essential, and outcrop analogues help characterize these heterogeneities. The objectives of this thesis are: (1) to exploit the available data (e.g., well logs, seismic profiles) for the Albien reservoir in Île-de-France to produce a synthesis of the facies, their recognition on well logs, and to obtain a high-resolution 3D facies model; (2) to apply a reservoir analogue approach constructed from a digital outcrop model to improve the understanding of lateral heterogeneities in siliciclastic reservoirs. The chosen reservoir analogue is the Y body of the Roda Sandstones (Eocene, South-Pyrenean Basin), which is a deltaic system influenced by tidal currents. A sedimentological and stratigraphic study, based on fieldwork, the description of 340 meters of cores close to outcrops, and the creation of a high-resolution photogrammetric model (approximately 3 cm/pixel) covering an area of about 3.3 km², allowed the definition of 10 facies or facies associations and the identification of 7 deltaic lobes. This enabled the characterization of tidal sedimentary bodies to decipher the complex processes resulting from the competition between fluvial and tidal currents. A 3D facies model (11.2 million cells, each 10m wide and 0.5m high) was constructed in Petrel from the interpreted digital outcrop model. It provides a visualization of a possible 3D realization of the system. For the Albian reservoir in the Paris Basin, the geological study was carried out using subsurface data, including 149 wells, two cored sections (total length of 83 meters), and 68 seismic lines. Ten facies associations corresponding to four depositional environments were defined, and a sequence stratigraphy framework comprising 7 third- and fourth-order sequences was constructed. The Albian sands are formed at the base of an estuarine succession (Green Sands), deposited in the late Aptian above the Late Aptian Unconformity, filling incised paleo-valleys. Then, a deltaic system (Drillons Sands) was established, followed by a wave-dominated coastal system (Frécambault Sands) in the lower Albian. This succession reflects a transgressive period after the erosion of a large part of the basin, followed by a progradation period of tide-influenced coastal deposits, before a drowning in the middle Albian. A 3D facies model centered on the Île-de-France region was created, allowing the visualization of the Albian reservoir architecture and predicting facies variations, identifying potentially favorable or problematic areas for geothermal exploitation. Although the Roda Sandstones are not an analogue for the entire Albian series (notably the estuarine series), their study has allowed for a better understanding of the vertical successions and lateral facies variations of a tide-influenced delta, especially for the Drillons Sands formation. The results highlight the interest in outcrop analogues but also the necessity of having a broader spectrum of analogues to cover the stratigraphic heterogeneity of a complex reservoir.La région Île-de-France bénéficie d'un contexte géologique favorable à la géothermie profonde basse énergie pour augmenter la part des énergies bas carbone dans la production de chaleur. Le réservoir du Jurassique moyen étant très sollicité, l'aquifère des sables de l'Albien, situé à environ 650 mètres de profondeur avec des températures de 28 à 38°C, constitue également une cible intéressante. L'exploitation de ces sables est entravée par le colmatage des puits d'injection par des particules fines. L'objectif est de mettre en place une méthodologie combinant (1) des données de terrain issues de l'étude des Grès de Roda (Eocène, Bassin Sud-Pyrénéen), analogue de réservoirs de subsurface, (2) des données de subsurface disponibles (ex. diagraphies, profils sismiques) dans le réservoir sableux de l'Albien d'Île-de-France et (3) de modélisation, afin de construire un outil prédictif de la performance d'un lieu donné sur son potentiel géothermique. Le corps Y des Grès de Roda a été choisi en tant qu'analogue de système deltaïque dominé par les courants tidaux. Une étude sédimentologique et stratigraphique de détail a été réalisée. Elle est basée sur un travail de terrain (21 coupes levées), qui a été entièrement numérisé avec la réalisation d'un modèle photogrammétrique haute résolution (environ 3 cm/pixel) couvrant une superficie d'environ 3,3 km². Ce travail de terrain a été complété par la description de 340 m de carottes proches des affleurements. Toutes les données de terrain (faciès, surfaces stratigraphiques, directions de courant, logs) ont pu être reportées sur cet affleurement numérique. Un modèle 3D de faciès (11,2 millions de cellules de 10 m de côté et 0,5 m de hauteur) a été construit à l'aide de l'affleurement numérique. L'étude sédimentologique et stratigraphique a permis la définition de 10 faciès regroupés dans 5 associations de faciès, l'identification de 7 lobes deltaïques représentatifs de séquences de 5ème ordre, dont l'évolution en 3D montre des variations de directions de progradation et d'intensité de remaniement tidal. Ce travail a permis de caractériser les corps sédimentaires tidaux afin d'établir des dimensions de dunes et barres tidales, des paléobathymétries et leurs localisations dans les cortèges progradants et rétrogradant. Pour le réservoir sableux de l'Albien du Bassin de Paris, l'étude géologique a été réalisée à partir de la description de 2 sections carottées (longueur totale de 83 m), de données de 149 puits et de 68 lignes sismiques. Dix faciès correspondant à 4 environnements de dépôt ont été définis. L'analyse précise des successions verticales et latérales des faciès montre 7 séquences de 3ème et 4ème ordre. Les Sables de l'Albien sont formés à la base d'une succession estuarienne (Sables Verts), qui se déposent à l'Aptien supérieur au-dessus de la discordance de l'Aptien supérieur et remplissant des paléo-vallées incisées. Puis un système deltaïque (Sables des Drillons) se met en place, suivi par un système côtier dominé par la houle (Sables de Frécambault) à l'Albien inférieur. Cette succession traduit une période transgressive après l'émersion d'une grande partie du bassin puis une période de progradation des dépôts côtiers influencés par la marée, avant un ennoiement à l'Albien moyen. Un modèle 3D de faciès centré sur Paris a été réalisé, permettant de visualiser l'architecture des réservoirs. Ce travail a permis d'évaluer les faciès les moins argileux (les sables propres de shoreface), les volumes d'argiles des différents faciès, leurs répartitions géographiques, et leurs épaisseurs. Bien que les Grès de Roda ne soient pas un analogue de toute la série albienne (notamment des séries estuariennes), leur étude a permis de mieux comprendre les successions verticales et variations latérales de faciès d'un delta influencé par la marée, surtout pour la formation des Sables des Drillons
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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