201 research outputs found
Editorial: Treatment resistant depression (TRD): epidemiology, clinic, burden and treatment
No full textThe role of psychopharmacotherapy in the treatment of eating disorders
No full textEating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED), are psychiatric conditions complicated by multiple medical dysfunctions, which may actually threat the patient's life. The therapy of EDs is multidisciplinary, since it encompasses nutritional and medical interventions as well as psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatments. As for psychopharmacotherapy, virtually every class of psychotropic medications has been tested in the treatment of these disorders. Controlled and uncontrolled studies testing antipsychotic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, appetite-regulating drugs have demonstrated that core symptoms of AN are refractory to current available psychotropic medications. Placebo-controlled studies with antidepressants have been far more promising for treating BN and BED in the short term. The increasing evidence for the role of biological factors in the etiopathogenesis of EDs should encourage investigators to perform adequately powered clinical trials especially on "new generation" agents, which will become available as far as pathophysiological aspects of EDs will be more deeply known. © 2007 Giovanni Fioriti Editore s.r.l
Vassilis Alexakis: chemins croisés
No full textLa littérature migrante, produite par des auteurs qui ont choisi le français
comme langue d’écriture, et qui ont vécu l’expérience de la traversée des frontières et de
l’installation dans un pays autre, vient enrichir la littérature française contemporaine.
Notre propos est de comprendre, aujourd’hui, le parcours de Vassilis Alexakis, auteur
qui illustre si bien la problématique identitaire, la double appartenance culturelle et
linguistique au français et au grec.Migrant literature, produced by authors
who have chosen French as their writing language, and who have lived the experience of
crossing borders and settling in another country, enriches contemporary French
literature. Our aim is to understand, today, the journey of Vassilis Alexakis, author who
illustrates so well the problem of identity, the double cultural and linguistic affiliation to
both French and Greek.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Vassilis Alexakis: chemins croisés
No full textLa littérature migrante, produite par des auteurs qui ont choisi le français
comme langue d’écriture, et qui ont vécu l’expérience de la traversée des frontières et de
l’installation dans un pays autre, vient enrichir la littérature française contemporaine.
Notre propos est de comprendre, aujourd’hui, le parcours de Vassilis Alexakis, auteur
qui illustre si bien la problématique identitaire, la double appartenance culturelle et
linguistique au français et au grec.Migrant literature, produced by authors
who have chosen French as their writing language, and who have lived the experience of
crossing borders and settling in another country, enriches contemporary French
literature. Our aim is to understand, today, the journey of Vassilis Alexakis, author who
illustrates so well the problem of identity, the double cultural and linguistic affiliation to
both French and Greek.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Circadian rhythms and treatment implications in depression
No full textIn humans almost all physiological and behavioural functions occur on a rhythmic basis. Therefore the possibility that delays, advances or desynchronizations of circadian rhythms may play a role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders is an interesting field of research. In particular mood disorders such as seasonal affective disorder and major depression have been linked to circadian rhythms alterations. Furthermore, the antidepressant efficacy of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies affecting endogenous circadian rhythms, such as new antidepressant medications, light-therapy and sleep deprivation, is consistent with the idea that circadian alterations may represent a core component of depression, at least in a subgroup of depressed patients. This paper briefly describes the molecular and genetic mechanisms regulating the endogenous clock system, and reviews the literature supporting the relationships between depression, antidepressant treatments and changes in circadian rhythm
Exploring the Role of Guilt in Eating Disorders: A Pilot Study
No full textBackground/Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychopathological conditions involving dysfunctional eating behaviors, excessive body image concerns, and impaired emotional regulation. Among moral emotions, guilt plays a significant role in ED dynamics, influencing both symptomatology and interpersonal relationships. This study examines specific guilt subtypes (normative and altruistic guilt) using a specific psychometric tool. Methods: Forty-three adults with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or binge eating disorder (BED) were recruited from the Eating Disorder Center of the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” or referred by psychotherapists. Diagnoses followed DSM-5 criteria. Participants completed the Moral Orientation Guilt Scale (MOGS), assessing guilt subtypes, and the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), measuring ED symptomatology. Spearman’s rank correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to identify relationships between guilt dimensions and ED-related symptoms. Results: MOGS subscales were positively correlated with ED symptomatology. Normative guilt was significantly associated with binging and purging (ρ = 0.26, p < 0.05), while altruistic guilt predicted higher interpersonal distrust (t = 3.4, p < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that age negatively influenced interpersonal distrust (t = −2.9, p < 0.01). Conclusions: In the population examined, guilt significantly influences ED symptomatology and interpersonal functioning, with specific dimensions linked to distinct behaviors and traits. Therapeutic interventions targeting guilt may enhance treatment outcomes by addressing ED emotional underpinnings. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and lack of longitudinal data to establish causality. Further research with larger samples and longitudinal designs is necessary to validate these findings
The Reinvention of a Literary Space by Vassilis Alexakis.
No full textIn 2012, after a big operation on one leg, Vassilis Alexakis spends a month and a half on crutches at a hotel near the Parisian Luxembourg Garden. Just like the main character of his fourteenth and second to last novel, L’enfant grec, that he wrote then.
The author seems to have the need to talk about space. Not only in this book, but in all his books, the author offers countless spatial references. Is it because of his health condition then, or is it because of his current (and for many years already) life divided in between two beloved countries, that Vassilis Alexakis needs to constantly speak about space? Is there a link between all the physical spatial references and the existential need of knowing where he is? Does his identity depend on his spatial location?
With his literary combination of reality and fantasy, Alexakis might very well be reinventing space. His books could be the space in between, where he can freely just be: a Greek and a French author; narrator and character; in Greece or in France. A space in between just like the catacombs where we see the main character at the end of the book, depicted as the place where “la frontière entre le réel et l’imaginaire” is (page 307), or the space where he feels himself in every time he opens one of the volumes of his dear companion, the Grand Robert dictionary: “un espace qui n’appartient à aucun lieu, dépourvu d’addresse, qui flotte à la surface du temps comme le jardin de Callithéa” (page 281).
The relation between Vassilis Alexakis and space is worthy to revise in this particular novel since as its main character states, “C’est un livre sur la vie et la mort […]. Sur la santé et la maladie, […] le mouvement et l’immobilité, le geste et la parole.¨Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Vassilis Alexakis, the migrant greek child. About the reality of in-between fictional characters and literary spaces
No full textVassilis Alexakis (Athens, 1943-2021) started writing in French while living in France, he then changed to Greek language, which was followed by what resulted in a systematic practice of self-translation in both directions for most of his works. He is a very well-known author both in France and in Greece and one of the most well-known cases of contemporary literary self-translators, as well as an exponent of literary hybridity. In 2012 he was awarded the Prix de la Langue Française for the whole of his career. That same year, after an important operation on one leg, Vassilis Alexakis spent a month and a half on crutches at a hotel near the Parisian Luxembourg Garden. Just like the main character of his fourteenth and second to last novel, L’enfant grec, that he wrote then. In all his books, Alexakis seems to have the need to talk about himself but also about space. He constantly offers countless spatial references. Is it because of being out of his comfort zone then, or is it because of his (for many years already) life divided in between his two beloved countries, that Alexakis needs to constantly speak about places? Is there a link between all the geographical references and the existential need of knowing where he is? We shall explore the relationship between Vassilis Alexakis and space in this particular novel, linked to the reinvention of literary space in Alexakis’ work
The cDNA 385C to A missense polymorphism of the endocannabinoid degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is associated with overweight/obesity but not with binge eating disorder in overweight/obese women
No full textEndocannabinoids are involved in the modulation of eating behavior; hence, alterations of this system may play a role in obesity. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism (cDNA 385C to A) of the gene coding for fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the major degrading enzyme of endocannabinoids, has been found to be associated with obesity. However, the possibility that the FAAH gene cDNA 385C to A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated to binge eating disorder (BED), a condition that frequently occurs in obese individuals, has not been investigated. In order to address this issue, we assessed the distribution of the cDNA 385C to A SNP in 115 overweight/obese subjects with BED, 74 non-BED patients with obesity and 110 normal weight healthy controls. As compared to healthy controls, the whole group of overweight/obese BED and non-BED patients had a significantly higher frequency of the CA genotype and the A allele of the FAAH gene cDNA 385C to A SNP. Moreover, the SNP resulted significantly correlated to the presence of overweight/obesity (F-2, (296) = 3.58, P = 0.02), but not to the occurrence of BED (F-2,F- 796 = 0.98; P = 0.3).
The present study confirms previously published significant over-representations of the FAAH 385 A allele in overweight/obese subjects and presents new data in BED patients that the 385 mutation is not significantly associated with BED-related obesity
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