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TINJAUAN YURIDIS EKSISTENSI HAKIM PENGAWAS DAN PENGAMAT DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA INDONESIA
No full textMonitoring and observation of court decisions made by judges is a new institution in the criminal procedural law in Indonesia. Through monitoring and observation of expected gaps (gap) between what the judge decided and reality implementation of the criminal in prison can be bridged. Judges will be brought closer to the prosecutors and corrections officials so that judges can follow the development of the state of the convict. Keywords: Judge, Supervisor and Observer, the Criminal Justice Syste
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KRIMINAL PENANGGULANGAN KEJAHATAN TERHADAPKEAMANANNEGARA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 27 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERUBAHAN KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN KEJAHATAN TERHADAP KEAMANAN NEGARA
Get PDFcriminal policy to eradicate crimes against state security in Indonesia by Law Law Number 27 of 1999 include: (1) the criminalization of acts specified as criminal offenses security of the state, namely the spread of the ideology of communism, founded the organization which is based on communism and the efforts to replace Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution against the law, (2) policy change in the system of sanctions of imprisonment , Criminalization policy has not been able to overcome the forms of crimes against state security, especially with regard to the modus operandi of the crime of spying in the current era of globalization, while the policy of using sanctions pidama prison a single 20-year conflict with the sanctions system imprisonment adopted Criminal Code therefore, the provisions of Article 107 letter d of Law Number 27 of 1999 became null and void so it does not have the force of law Keywords: Criminal Policy, the State Security Crime
Eksistensi Nilai Moral dan Nilai Hukum Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional
Get PDFAbstract
Laws that benefit a community should reflect the moral and legal values of the society in which a law enforced. Likewise with the Indonesian national legal system should reflect the moral and legal values contained in Pancasila. The low legal authority in to day's society due to national legal systems have not fully reflect the value of moral and legal values based on Pancasila. Problems in this paper is why the moral and legal values of Pancasila has not been fully reflected in the current National Legal Systems. The results of the study that cause: (1) Pancasila translated in accordance with the interests of the ruler, (2) national legal reform is deadlocked due to, among others: the struggle of political interests, target orientation, ego-sectoral, bond romanticism of the past, dealing with inferiority superiority. Advice to immediately reorient and reevaluation national legal system based on Pancasila.
Keywords: Moral, Legal, the National Legal System
Abstrak
Hukum yang bermanfaat bagi suatu masyarakat harus mencerminkan nilai moral dan nilai hukum dari masyarakat dimana suatu hukum diberlakukan. Begitu juga dengan sistem hukum nasional Indonesia harus mencerminkan nilai moral dan nilai hukum yang terdapat dalam Pancasila. Rendahnya wibawa hukum di masyarakat saat ini dikarenakan sistem hukum nasional belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan nilai moral dan nilai hukum berdasarkan Pancasila. Permasalahan dalam tulisan ini yaitu mengapa nilai moral dan nilai hukum Pancasila belum sepenuhnya tercermin pada Sistem Hukum Nasional saat ini. Hasil kajian bahwa penyebabnya: (1) Pancasila diterjemahkan sesuai dengan kepentingan penguasa; (2) reformasi hukum nasional mengalami kebuntuan dikarenakan antara lain: adanya pertarungan kepentingan politik, orientasi target, ego sektoral, ikatan romantisme masa lalu, superioritas berhadapan dengan inferioritas. Saran agar segera melakukan reorientasi dan reevaluasi terhadap sistem hukum nasional berdasarkan Pancasila.
Kata Kunci: Moral, Hukum, Sistem Hukum Nasiona
REKONSTRUKSI BIROKRASI PERADILAN PIDANA BERBASIS PELAYANAN PUBLIK UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN
Get PDFPeranan birokrasi peradilan pidana di pengadilan penting untuk mewujudkan keadilan substansial karena yang menentukan terdakwa bersalah dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Selain itu untuk terwujudnya kepentingan hukum pencari keadilan diwakilkan sepenuhnya kepada aparat penegak hukum. Namun saat ini ada penolakan terhadap eksistensi birokrasi peradilan pidana disebabkan penyelesaian perkara berlarut-larut, pelayanan tertutup, kinerja pejabat peradilan rendah dan praktik litigasi yang disesuaikan dengan kepentingan pejabat peradilan dan/atau lembaga pengadilan. Pengadilan sebagai lembaga penyelenggara pelayanan publik harus mengubah dari perannya sebagai corong undang-undang kepada pengadilan yang mewakili dan melayani kepentingan masyarakat. Permasalahannya: (1) Mengapa birokrasi peradilan pidana belum dapat mewujudkan keadilan berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa; (2) Bagaimana hak-hak pencari keadilan dalam praktik birokrasi peradilan pidana; (3) Bagaimana konstruksi ideal birokrasi peradilan pidana yang berbasis pelayanan publik untuk mewujudkan keadilan.
Metode penelitian berparadigma konstruktivisme dengan pendekatan socio-legal research. Untuk menangkap makna-makna simbolik dilakukan pendekatan hermeneutik dan dialektikal. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan pengamatan. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif. Interpretasi data menggunakan teknik siklus polibios, sedangkan pemeriksaan keabsahan data melalui “ketekunan pengamatan” dan “tringulasi”.
Hasil penelitian yaitu: (1) Keadilan substansial belum dapat terwujud dikarenakan praktik birokrasi peradilan pidana merupakan hasil konstruksi pejabat peradilan ditunjang beberapa faktor penyebab; (2) Hak-hak pencari keadilan dikesampingkan oleh pejabat peradilan disebabkan beberapa faktor penyebab; (3) rekonstruksi birokrasi peradilan pidana berbasis pelayanan publik meliputi aspek substansi yakni melakukan penyempurnaan ketentuan hukum acara persidangan perkara pidana, aspek struktur yakni melakukan penataan kembali kewenangan pengadilan negeri, sedangkan aspek kultur yakni membangun budaya hukum bersifat progresif di kalangan pejabat peradilan pidana.
Studi ini berimplikasi secara teoritis, menguatkan dan meneguhkan prinsip-prinsip persidangan bahwa kedudukan pencari keadilan adalah sama dengan kedudukan aparat penegak hukum sehingga harus mendapat pelayanan prima dan sepenuh hati. Sedangkan secara praktis, sebagai acuan untuk merekonstruksi birokrasi peradilan pidana di lingkungan Badan Peradilan Umum.
Kata Kunci: Birokrasi, peradilan pidana, keadilan substansial, pelayanan publik.
The role of bureaucracy in the court of criminal justice is important to realize substantial justice because that determines the defendant is guilty and accountable. In addition to the establishment of the legal interests of seeking justice fully delegated to law enforcement. But now there is a rejection of the existence of the criminal justice bureaucracy caused protracted settlement, covered services, the performance of judicial officers is low and litigation practices are tailored to the interests of justice officials and / or the courts. Court as an institution of public service providers have to change from his role as the mouthpiece of the law to the court that represent and serve the public interest. The problem: (1) Why can not the criminal justice bureaucracy of justice based on Belief in God Almighty, (2) How can the rights of the practice of seeking justice in the criminal justice bureaucracy, (3) How criminal justice bureaucracy ideal construction based public services to bring about justice .
Paradigmatic research methods socio-constructivist approach to legal research. To capture the symbolic meanings carried hermeneutic and dialectical approach. Collecting data through interviews and observations. Analysis of data using an interactive model. Interpretation of data using techniques polibios cycle, while checking the validity of data through the "persistence of observation" and "tringulasi".
The results are: (1) substantial justice can not be realized due to the bureaucratic practices of criminal justice is a judicial officer of a construction supported several factors, (2) the search rights of justice set aside by the judicial authorities due to several factors, (3) reconstruction of the judicial bureaucracy based criminal aspects of public service include the substance of the law to improve the show trial of criminal cases, the structural aspects of the realignment of authority to the district court, while the cultural aspect of building a progressive legal culture among criminal justice officials.
This study has implications theoretically, to be strengthened with the principles of justice trial that the search is the same position with the position that law enforcement officials have received excellent service and heartfelt. While in practice, as a reference for reconstructing the bureaucracy of the criminal justice agency within the General Court.
Keywords: Bureaucracy, Criminal Justice, Substantial Justice, The Public Service
Pengaruh Subletal Metabolit Sekunder Kasar Asal Jamur Beauveria bassiana Terhadap Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei)
Get PDFKopi merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang peranannya dalam perekenomian nasional sangat penting. Kontribusi kopi terhadap ekonomi nasional yaitu: sebagai sumber devisa negara, pendapatan petani, penciptaan lapangan kerja, pembangunan wilayah, pendorong agribisnis dan agroindustri, serta pendukung konservasi lingkungan. Budidaya kopi sangat rentan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Salah satu hama kopi yang merusak biji kopi adalah Penggerek buah Kopi (PBKo) (Hypothenemus hampei). Serangan PBKo dapat menurunkan mutu kopi dan penurunan produksi 20–30%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1). Menentukan Nilai〖 LC〗_50dan konsentrasi subletal metabolit sekunder asal jamur B.bassiana terhadap mortalitas H.hampei, 2). Mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi subletal metabolit sekunder asal jamur B.bassiana terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serangga H.hampei.
Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 5 bulan dimulai dari bulan Desember 2019 sampai dengan April 2020 di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan pada uji letal dan 2 perlakuan pada uji subletal dengan control, konsentrasi, 5, 10, 15cc/liter air atau setara dengan 0,5; 1,0; 1,5% pada uji letal serta kontrol dan 1,0% pada uji subletal. Variabel yang diamati antara lain mortalitas serangga (uji letal), pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serangga (uji subletal). Variabel mortalitas diuji menggunakan Sidik ragam dengan taraf kesalahan 5 persen, apabila nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Sedangkan uji lain menggunakan deskripsi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Nilai〖 LC〗_50, yakni konsentrasi yang menyebabkan populasi mortalitas 50% H.hampei adalah 1,5%. 2) Perlakuan metabolit sekunder B.bassiana dapat menunda kemunculan telur sampai dengan 23 hari dari kontrol, mengurangi sekitar 50% ukuran imago serta total waktu tempuh dari peletakan telur hingga kemunculan imago, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap stadia hidup lain seperti lama stadia telur, lama stadia larva, dan kemunculan imago H.hampei.
Coffee is a plantation commodity whose role in the national economy is very important. The contribution of coffee to the national economy, namely: as a source of foreign exchange, farmers' income, job creation, regional development, a driving force for agribusiness and agro-industry, as well as supporting environmental conservation. Coffee cultivation is very vulnerable to pests and diseases. One of the coffee pests that damage coffee beans is the Coffee Fruit Borer (PBKo) (Hypothenemus hampei). PBKo attacks can reduce coffee quality and decrease production by 20-30%.The purpose of this research is to: 1) Determine the value LC_50, of and the subletal concentration of secondary metabolites originating from the fungus B.bassiana on H. hampei mortality,, 2) Knowing the effect of subletal concentration of secondary metabolites from B.bassiana fungi on the growth and development of H.hampei insects.
This research was conducted for 5 months starting from December 2019 to April 2020 at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University. The research method used was the Letal Test with a completely randomized design with 2 treatments. The research was conducted with secondary metabolites with density 10^7 using concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cc / liter of water or equivalent to 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0% and subletal completely randomized design with 2 treatments. The research was conducted with a concentration of 1.5% and control. The variables observed in the lethal test were insect mortality, and in the subletal test were the growth and development of insects. The data obtained were analyzed using the T test
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Problematic Dilemma of The Limitation of Granting Remission for Corruption Prisoners
Get PDFCorruption is an extraordinary crime, so the law enforcement for corruption cases must also be done extraordinarily. Therefore, the corruption prisoners or corruptors should be differentiated by their pattern of guidance in Penitentiary. The difference in the process of fostering in Penitentiary is in the form of limitation of granting remission for corruptors. The existence of such restrictive policy poses a problem dilemma to the guidance of current corruption prisoners based on Penitentiary System. This is because the penitentiary system essentially sees the crime of "deprivation of liberty" against a person is only "temporary" so that there is a reduction in criminal or remission for every prisoner. The problem is how to overcome the dilemma of granting remission for corruptors in the perspective of the correctional system. The research method is normative juridical with the regulation of law and doctrinal approach. The result of this research is to overcome the dilemma of granting remission for corruptors by revising Government Regulation Number 99 of 2012 on Terms and Procedures Implementation of Rights of Citizens Correctional Penitentiary that distinguishes the requirements for corruption prisoners that cause losses of state in the high or low nominal. For the corruption prisoners that doing corruption in the high nominal to get the special requirement for granting remission should be added in the high profile corruption prisoners are required to accomplish morality education on the nation and homeland patriotism at their expenses. While the lower profile ones are required to following the common standard coaching for general prisoners.
Keywords: Remissions, Corruption Prisoners, Corruption, Correctional Syste
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