1,720,971 research outputs found
The “right to life” of people convicted in Italy to life in prison: an analysis of italian and european jurisprudence
Get PDFThe paper aim to examine the recent developments of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and of the Constitutional Court on life imprisonment, trying to highlight the illegality not only of the so-called “life imprisonment impediment” (as it was recently affirmed by the ECHR and by the Constitutional Court) but – more generally – also to life imprisonment in all its forms and to propose – de lege ferenda – possible alternatives to the perpetual sanction, necessary to protect the right to life and hope of the offender.O presente artigo aborda o direito à vida mediante uma dupla perspectiva. Se de um lado a proteção à vida deve induzir o legislador a introduzir determinadas sanções para protegê-lo contra agressões injustificadas, de outro lado, a pretensão punitiva do Estado não pode exclusivamente consistir, em qualquer caso, na neutralização do ofensor eternamente. Isso pois, haveria uma exploração da condição humana para fins criminais bem como seria contraditório a pena como função reeducadora, conforme determinam a dignidade da pessoa humana e o artigo 27, §3° da Constituição Italiana. Um prejuízo similar deve ser reconhecido no caso da prisão pela vida inteira, como uma pena perpétua – que limita, como será visto, qualquer possibilidade de liberação do condenado e frustração das suas expectativas e esperanças. Particularmente, este trabalho examinará desenvolvimentos jurisprudenciais recentes da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos e da Corte Constitucional sobre prisão perpétua, buscando iluminar a ilegalidade não apenas em virtude do chamado “impedimento de prisão perpétua” (como recentemente afirmado pelos tribunais citados), mas, de forma mais geral
Epistemologia interdisciplinare e possibile contributo delle neuroscienze: riflessioni penalistiche nei tracciati garantistici della prospettiva sistemico/diacronica
No full textIntelligenza artificiale e diritto penale. Le categorie dommatiche alla prova del futuribile
No full textNon è in discussione l’importanza e il ruolo dell’IA; le difficoltà sistemiche impediscono, però, di percorrere la via penalistica per sanzionare direttamente fatti ascrivibili all’IA. Ciò non significa che non sia possibile individuare altre forme di intervento. È necessario tenere ben distinti i concetti di ‘responsabilità’ e di ‘responsabilità penale’; se la seconda si presenta improponibile alla luce del corretto funzionamento del sistema penale, la prima appare ipotizzabile anche attraverso forme nuove e diverse da quelle attualmente conosciute. Occorre rinvenire nuove categorie di responsabilità, sganciate dal diritto penale, supportate da un apparato sanzionatorio alternativo a quello penale che si caratterizzi per maggiore flessibilità, evitando di sottoporre a ingiustificate torsioni il normale funzionamento del sistema penalistico
Eredità dell'illuminismo penale in Toscana: l'incontro di Carmignani con il "fondatore di una scienza"
No full textLo scritto compie un percorso, privilegiando il profilo del grande criminalista Giovanni Carmignani, alla ricerca dell'eredità delle istanza illministiche in Toscana, rappresentate nel caso specifico dalle riflessioni di Cesare Beccari
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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