40 research outputs found
Design and Analysis of IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System
No full textIn the current circumstance the air contamination has expanded with time by part of components like the increment in populace, vehicle use, urbanization and industrialization which brings about hurtful consequences for human prosperity by straightforwardly influencing soundness of populace presented to it. To screen In this venture we will make an IOT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System in which we will screen the Air Quality over a web worker (Thing Speak) utilizing ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module we will ceaselessly screen destructive gases are available the air like CO, dampness and temperature. It will show the air contamination in PPM on the LCD and just as on thing speak IoT stage with the goal that we can screen it without any problem. In this IoT project, we can screen the air contamination level from anyplace utilizing your PC or versatile structure anyplace on the planet
The Psychological Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Tactical Decisions and Methods for Handling Conflicts
No full textIntroduction: The ability to identify, understands, and control one\u27s own emotions as well as those of others is referred to as emotional intelligence (EI). It calls for abilities like empathy, self-control, self-awareness, and social skills. These abilities are essential for many facets of life, including communication, leadership, and decision-making.
Objectives: The article\u27s goal is to emphasize the need for executives at all ranks to practice relational leadership skills, the most crucial of which is resolving disputes and managing emotions via the use of personal styles and EI.
Methods: To gather information for this research, 350 executives from various small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia were questioned. The participants were chosen at random.
Results: Outcomes of tactical decisions were found to benefit directly from EI, cooperative tendencies, and understanding of how to handle conflict, as well as indirect via interpersonal management. This study is limited to pertinent research on how conflict management preferences and EI affect tactical decisions.
Conclusions: The study of how EI affects tactical choices emphasizes the importance of EI in the decision-making process. An individual\u27s capacities to comprehend, manage, and identify their own emotions as well as those of others and to empathize with them is referred to as EI
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The Role of EspH and Host Cell Proteins in Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli-Induced Cell Death and Virulence
No full textEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a leading cause of infantile diarrhea, particularly in developing countries. EPEC belongs to the attaching and effacing (A/E) family of pathogens and harbors a type III secretion system (T3SS) that delivers virulence proteins directly into host epithelial cells. These proteins alter host structure and function, likely facilitating pathogenesis. We recently demonstrated that EspH, an EPEC secreted protein, is a critical virulence factor and that mutant strains lacking espH are impaired for pathogenesis. EspH induces host cell death through activation of caspases and mitochondrial fission. We hypothesizes that a wide range of host proteins are implicated in this cell death phenotype. Quantitation of host cell death during EPEC infection using siRNA-mediated knockdown of individual host cell proteins supports this hypothesis. A broad group of host protein knockdowns displayed altered host cell death during infection. The goal of my studies is to identify the host pathway(s) altered during EspH-induced epithelial cell death and, eventually, to establish the significance of this pathway in EPEC virulence.Release after 30-Apr-2024Originally set to release after 10-May-2020; contacted by author on 03-May-2019 to extend embargo through 30-Apr-2024, Kimberl
Whither lesional surgery for movement disorders
No full textStereotactic surgery gained relevance in neurosurgery mainly as a surgical procedure to ameliorate symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders. However stereotactic surgery for movement disorders has experienced fluctuating fortunes with a fall in the 1970s and resurgence in the 1990s. Lesional surgery for PD and other movement disorders gained momentum after the publication of the landmark article on pallidotomy by Laitinen et al in 1992.[1] This led to renewed interest in functional stereotactic surgery particularly pallidotomy in patients with PD. The interest in pallidotomy and thalamotomy, however, has died down in recent years due to emergence of deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS is touted as being superior to lesional surgery such as thalamotomy and pallidotomy, as it does not destroy brain tissue and therefore, adverse effects, if any, of the stimulation are reversible unlike lesional surgery where the adverse effects of destruction of the target site are likely to be permanent. However, there have been very few articles discussing all the pros and cons of lesional surgery and DBS. In recent years DBS has almost completely replaced thalamotomy and pallidotomy in most developed countries. The question being raised in this editorial is whether lesional surgery is still relevant and whether it should be promoted amongst neurologists, neurosurgeons and patients as a safe and effective surgery for selected patients with PD and other movement disorders. The author is not exploring the relative merits and drawbacks of the two procedures (lesional surgery and DBS) to arrive at a conclusion regarding the superiority of one of the procedures. The purpose of this editorial is only to evaluate the evidence on the safety, efficacy and durability of lesional surgery for movement disorders
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Clostridium difficile Responds to Antimicrobial Peptides and Oxidative Stress
No full textClostridium difficile (CD) is the leading cause of bacterial hospital-associated infection in North America. How CD colonizes the human host, including its response to the innate immune system and other stresses, is poorly understood. This work considers CD's defenses against two stresses found in the host - the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). LL-37 had bactericidal activity against CD. CD strains varied in their sensitivity to the peptide, and epidemic-associated strains were more resistant to LL-37 than others. CD became more resistant to LL-37 following exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of the peptide, suggesting the presence of inducible resistance mechanisms. A quantitative proteomics analysis revealed definite alterations in CD protein expression caused by LL-37. Specific changes included increased expression of DltB, a protein previously reported to confer resistance against other antimicrobial peptides. Notably, disruption of individual LL-37-induced genes did not sensitize CD to the peptide. This suggests functional redundancy, and that LL-37 may cause global changes in protein expression, not limited to antimicrobial peptide resistance determinants. One of the proteins most strongly induced by LL-37 was a predicted superoxide reductase (SOR). As CD is considered a strict anaerobe, expression of a predicted antioxidant protein was an interesting finding. Heterologous expression of CD SOR in a superoxide dismutase-deficient E. coli strain confirmed its action as a superoxide scavenger. Insertional inactivation of SOR rendered CD more sensitive to oxygen and ROS-generating compounds, indicating that SOR contributes to antioxidant defense in CD. SOR mutants were impaired in their ability to cause disease in hamsters, indicating a role for this protein in infection.Release after 08-May-2022added embargo through December 9, 2016 per ProQuest notification Dec. 18, 2015 / Kimberly; contacted by author 08-May-2019 to re-apply embargo through 08-May-202
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Novel Virulence Strategies of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli: An Integrated Study
No full textEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a Gram-negative bacteria responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in young children. EPEC elaborates a type III secretion system (T3SS), which translocates bacterial effector proteins into the host intestinal epithelial cell. To this date, 23 effector proteins are known to be secreted by EPEC. Over the past two decades, traditional studies uncovered the functions of some of these effector proteins. While there was an initial rise in the EPEC effector function discoveries, we now observe a plateau in the identification of host-EPEC interactions. Thus, the aim of my dissertation is to define novel virulence strategies in EPEC pathogenesis, and to demonstrate how traditional reductionist and global systems biology approaches can be utilized in uncovering functions of individual effectors, as well as the complex interplay of effectors in modulating host functions. Specifically, we defined the novel cytoprotective function of a T3SS effector EspZ. We further illustrated the complex interplay of EPEC effectors by defining how EPEC utilizes EspZ and EspF to dynamically regulate the prosurvival epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Finally, by integrating comparative proteomics and traditional reductionist approaches, we identified a novel function for EspH, and defined the mechanism by which EspH perturbs epithelial cell structure and function.Release after 18-Aug-2027Originally set to release 18-Aug-2022; embargo extended to 18-Aug-2022 on 19-Aug-2022 per author request, Kimberl
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The Clostridium difficile Flagellar System Mediates Toxin Synthesis, Pathogenicity, and Activation of Innate Immune Responses
No full textClostridium difficile has emerged as the most common healthcare-associated infection responsible for an estimated annual cost of $6 billion to the US healthcare system. Disease is mediated through the action of two glucosylating toxins which manifests as a fulminant diarrhea. Despite the severity of C. difficile infections, large gaps in knowledge, particularly pertaining to the molecular mechanisms of host colonization and interaction with the innate immune response, have hampered the development of novel targeted therapies. This work explores the molecular mechanisms used by C. difficile, in the context of the flagellar system, to colonize the host and interact with the resident immune system. The flagellin (FliC) protein was shown to not only be a critical mediator of C. difficile motility, but also participated in regulating sporulation, biofilm formation, and the expression of toxin genes. The FliC protein also robustly activated host inflammatory signaling through interaction with TLR5, demonstrating this molecule’s importance as a mediator of both bacterial and host responses to C. difficile infection. The flagellar capping protein (FliD) by contrast was found to have an important role mediating attachment to host tissues as well as to regulate and prevent the secretion of FliC into the extracellular environment. Finally, a novel FliC-specific glycosylation system was characterized. Through the addition of glycans, the reactivity of FliC with TLR5 was dampened, resulting in a weaker inflammatory response to infection. Flagellin glycans were also found to be necessary for C. difficile flagellar assembly, and different strains exhibited significant variation in both the number and structure of glycan moieties attached. The C. difficile flagellar system is a key mediator of bacterial motility, virulence, and host-pathogen interactions during infection with this enigmatic organism.Release after 01-May-2022Originally released 10-Jan-2019 per embargo; contacted by author 06-May-2019 with request to re-apply embargo and release on 01-May-2022. Kimberl
Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height
No full textMost common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits(1), but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait(2,3). The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P<0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways
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The Importance of a Broad Consortium of Bacteria for a Healthy Gastrointestinal tract: A Narrative Review of the Live Biotherapeutic Product REBYOTA
No full textThe human microbiome comprises an estimated 100 trillion organisms and their genetic content which consists of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. There are more than 1,000 diTherent species of bacteria in a healthy gut with the majority residing in the lumen of the large intestine. The balance of these organisms is vital for the balance of health and the relative abundance is essential to provide the various metabolites and other chemicals necessary for normal microbial environment which is known as eubiosis. When the balance or relative abundance is shifted, a disturbance of metabolites can lead to a condition, dysbiosis. Certain organisms are responsible for essential metabolites such as short chain fatty acids or bile acids. These molecules have various consequences including disruption of colonization resistance or lack of GABA production which has been shown to affect the gut-brain axis. It is the relative amounts of certain taxa or species that ensure this balance among these various organisms constitute a broad consortium. This consortium comprises Bacteroidia and Firmicutes which includes Clostridium species. Herein we describe the important features of various organisms and their metabolites. © The Author(s) 2023.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]
WITHDRAWN: Estimation of mutagenic sulfonyl chloride impurity of Topiramate in trace level using a novel derivatising agent
No full textThis article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s). The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy
