Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities (JRTDD)
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Analytical Reading of Gender Identity Disorder: From the Medical Scientific Perspective to the Psycho-Dynamic Interpretation
Full text linkThe discussion of gender identity has become crucial due to the social and psychological transformations occurring globally. However, this topic faces significant challenges in research and debate due to its sensitive nature, often being considered taboo. Thus, it is essential to explore the nature of gender identity, define the related terms, and understand how disruptions occur within it, from the medical scientific interpretation to the psychological explanation. To understand and interpret these disorders, this paper will discuss the development of gender identity starting from the moment of fertilization, continuing through the stages of psychosexual development, and how disruptions in this process can lead to disturbances in gender identity. The paper will also consider how these disturbances are classified in the global diagnostic statistical classifications of mental disorders
Cinema and Advertising: A Historical and Technical Study of Visual Persuasion
Full text linkCinematic video has become a fundamental tool in modern advertising, as it combines visual and auditory impact to convey complex marketing messages to audiences. This study aims to analyze the use of cinematic video in commercial advertisements by reviewing the artistic and technical foundations underlying this industry, in addition to examining its psychological and emotional effects on the viewer. By understanding elements such as cinematography, sound effects, editing, and digital technologies, advertising can effectively capture the audience’s attention and influence their behavior toward the promoted product or service.
This study is based on the hypothesis that the promotional video is not merely a marketing medium, but a profound artistic tool that incorporates creativity and techniques that enhance the advertising experience. The research explores the differences among types of advertising videos, whether those relying on storyboard narratives or digital effects, and discusses how cultural and social factors influence the design and success of such videos in the market. It also focuses on the evolution of cinematic video usage in online advertisements and social media platforms amidst rapid technological advancement.
 
A Psychological Study of Law Offenders (NDPS Act) in Mizoram Prisons
Full text linkThe research aims to study law offenders/inmates of prisons in Mizoram convicted under the “Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985”. The psychological variables constituted personality, family environment and perceived social support of the inmates. The study also drew comparisons between the offenders and normal population. The study was conducted in three districts of Mizoram (Aizawl, Lunglei and Champhai). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrea, 1992) was used as a measure of personality. The test measures 5 dimensions of personality – neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness. 2 dimensions – cohesion and conflict, of the Family Environment Scale (FES-BC; Bhatia & Chada, 1993) was used for studying family environment. The Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; Zimet, et al., 1988) was used as a measure of perceived social support. The sample size of the convicts under NDPS Act was 141. The normal population comparison sample size was 78.Quantitative analysis was done using SPSS. Descriptive statistics was used to highlight the mean and standard deviation of all the subscales of the three psychological measures in both the two samples (Offenders and normal). T-test was used to compare the means of the two samples in all the subscales of the 3 psychological variables
Conceptual Review Of Arbuda In Ayurvedic Classics With Modern Correlation To Tumor
Full text linkBackground: Arbuda is described in Ayurvedic literature as a Mamsa Pradoshaja Vikara characterized by localized, immovable, painless swelling with progressive growth, caused primarily by Vata and Kapha vitiation along with Mamsa, Meda, and Rakta involvement. Ancient texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya provide detailed descriptions of its Nidana, Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa. In modern medicine, tumors are abnormal masses of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation, categorized into benign and malignant forms. The classical features of Arbuda resemble certain benign and malignant neoplasms described in oncology. Understanding Arbuda through both Ayurvedic and modern perspectives provides a holistic approach for prevention, early diagnosis, and integrative management. Aim To review the concept of Arbuda in Ayurveda and correlate it with modern tumor pathology. Objectives Compile Ayurvedic references on Arbuda. Describe its Nidana, Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa. Correlate Ayurvedic and modern concepts of tumors. Compare clinical features with benign and malignant types. Explore integrative management possibilities. Materials and Methods: A conceptual review was undertaken by analyzing classical Ayurvedic references from Brihattrayi and Laghutrayi, along with contemporary commentaries, Nighantus, and peer-reviewed modern oncology literature. Comparative analysis was performed between the Ayurvedic Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa of Arbuda and modern definitions, classifications, and pathophysiology of tumors. Results: Ayurvedic descriptions of Arbuda align with modern tumor pathology in aspects of etiological factors, progressive nature, and potential for malignancy in Dushta Arbuda. Kapha dominance explains the slow, firm growth, while Vata involvement accounts for the spread in malignant cases. Ayurvedic management strategies focus on Shodhana, Shamana, and Raktamokshana along with Rasayana to prevent recurrence, whereas modern oncology employs surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies. Both approaches emphasize early detection for favorable prognosis. Conclusion: The correlation between Arbuda and tumors highlights the timeless relevance of Ayurvedic pathology and therapeutics in understanding neoplastic diseases. Integrative application of classical diagnostic principles with modern oncological interventions may enhance patient outcomes. Further research is needed for clinical validation of Ayurvedic interventions in tumor management
Oversight and the Fight Against Corruption to Achieve Good Governance of Public Spending
Full text linkThe world has witnessed profound and radical transformations that have significantly affected the concepts of public finance, particularly in the context of a complex and changing economic environment, global crises, and the widespread phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption associated with the management of public expenditure. The repercussions of this corruption impact the overall development process, given that public spending is the primary source of funding for development at its various levels and for the welfare of citizens. In order to combat financial and administrative corruption and mitigate its negative effects, many countries have adopted modern approaches to public management, most notably governance. Oversight and the fight against corruption are among the key mechanisms for consolidating governance, due to their role in building sound and effective public administration capable of managing public expenditure wisely and directing resources toward development projects and essential services.Accordingly, this study aims to determine the extent to which oversight and anti-corruption measures contribute to the realization of good governance in public spending. It seeks to clarify certain concepts related to oversight, corruption, financial governance, and public expenditure, while highlighting the role of oversight and anti-corruption as mechanisms for reinforcing the governance of public spending through the rationalization and sound management of public resources
Effect of activity-oriented group art therapy on the self-resilience and adaptation of school life maladjusted children to school life
Full text linkIntroduction: Activity-riented group art therapy has been shown to effectively support children experiencing school maladjustment. Beginning with physical play activities, this approach reduces group members’ tension, stimulates curiosity, and encourages creative expression through guided media exploration. The integrated process, which involves completing creative work, promotes positive emotions such as achievement and satisfaction, and facilitates emotional release, thereby enhancing vitality. This method positively affects school adaptation by strengthening components of self-resilience, such as forming peer intimacy and improving interpersonal relationships and adaptability.
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of activity-oriented group art therapy on self-resilience and school life adaptation among children experiencing difficulties adapting to school.
Methods: We included six elementary school students in A city who demonstrated maladjustment to school life. The intervention consisted of eight weekly group art therapy sessions conducted from July 2025 to August 2025.
Tools and Techniques: We used student self-resilience and school life adaptation scales as research tools. Data collected before and after the program were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results: The study showed that activity-oriented group art therapy led to statistically significant improvements in the overall self-resilience scores and all subdomains among children with school life maladjustment. Second, children who participated in activity-oriented group art therapy demonstrated improved adaptation to school life.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that activity-oriented group art therapy may serve as an effective intervention by enhancing self-resilience and positively affecting school life adaptation in children who are not adapted to school life
Effect of Selected Yoga Asanas and Yoga Nidra on ADHD Symptoms and Salivary Cortisol Levels in Children: A Pilot Study
Full text linkAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder affects approximately five to seven percent of children globally, presenting significant challenges in attention regulation, impulse control, and hyperactivity management. Conventional pharmacological interventions often carry adverse effects, prompting exploration of complementary approaches. Yoga-based practices have emerged as promising non-pharmacological strategies for managing neurobehavioral disorders.
Objectives: This pilot study investigated the effects of selected yoga asanas and yoga nidra on ADHD symptom severity across inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity domains, and salivary cortisol concentrations in children with ADHD symptoms.
Methods: Eighteen children aged seven to twelve years with ADHD symptoms were randomly allocated to three groups using lottery method: yoga asanas (n=6), yoga nidra (n=6), and control (n=6). Intervention groups received supervised sessions four days weekly for four weeks. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the ADHD Behaviour Rating Scale. Salivary cortisol was measured at baseline and post-intervention. Non-parametric analyses including Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed.
Results: All participants completed the study with 92% session attendance. Between-group analysis revealed significant differences for inattention change (χ²=6.40, p=0.041) and total ADHD change (χ²=9.74, p=0.008) with large effect sizes (ε²=0.573). Hyperactivity-impulsivity showed a trend toward significance with large effect size (χ²=4.44, p=0.108, ε²=0.261). Cortisol levels showed no significant changes. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest that both yoga asanas and yoga nidra may effectively reduce ADHD symptoms in children compared to control. These results warrant larger randomized controlled trials to establish efficacy
Chocolate in Moderation keeps your Bone in Celebration
Full text linkChocolate can affect bone health in both positive and negative ways. Chocolate contains minerals and flavonoids that may help bones, but it also contains other components that may be harmful. Bone loss resulting in increased risk for osteoporosis is a major health issue worldwide. Chocolate is a rich source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoids and dietary minerals with the potential to benefit bone health. However, other chocolate constituents such as cocoa butter, sugar, and methylxanthines may be detrimental to bone. Human studies investigating the role of chocolate consumption on serum bone markers and bone mineral density (BMD) have been inconsistent. A contributing factor is likely the different composition and thereby the nutrient and bioactive content among chocolate types. White and milk chocolate are high in sugar and low in flavonoids and most minerals. Dark chocolate (45-85% cocoa solids) is high in flavonoids, most minerals, and low in sugar with ≥70% cocoa solids resulting in higher fat and methylxanthine content. Studies showed postmenopausal women had no bone effects at moderate chocolate intakes, whereas adolescents consuming chocolate had greater longitudinal bone growth. Based on flavonoid and mineral content, unsweetened cocoa powder appeared to be the best option followed by dark chocolate with higher cocoa content in terms of supporting and preserving bone health. Determining dietary recommendations for chocolate consumption relative to bone health is important because of the growing popularity of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, and an expected increase in consumption owing to suggestions of health benefits against various degenerative diseases.This review article aims to throw light on the relationship between chocolate consumption and its constituents, including flavonoid content, on bone health and osteoporosis risk
Assess the Effectiveness Of Balloon Blowing Exercise On Respiratory Parameters Among The Patients With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection In Selected Hospital Of Bihar.
Full text linkIntroduction: Breath is the finest gift of nature. Be grateful for this wonderful gift. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of Balloon Blowing Exercise on respiratory parameters among the patients with lower respiratory tract infection and to improve their breathing.
Methods: Quasi Experimental (Non-randomised control group design) was adopted. Non-probability Purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 lower respiratory tract infection patients and they were equally divided into experimental and control group. Data was collected using clinical parameters scale (respiratory rate and oxygen saturation) and modified dyspnoea scale at selected hospital of Bihar.
Result: Study findings revealed that in experimental group pre-interventional respiratory rate impairment was 1.90±0.66 which reduced to 0.70±0.53, oxygen saturation impairment was 2.36±0.61 which reduced to 0.60±0.56 and dyspnoea level was 1.90±0.60 which reduced to 0.50±0.57 after intervention. Whereas, in control group pre-interventional respiratory rate impairment was 2.06±0.52 which reduced to 1.43±0.50, oxygen saturation impairment was 2.00±0.58 which reduced to 1.83±0.64 and dyspnoea level was 1.96±0.66 which reduced to 1.46±0.62 during post-test. Intervention was not given to control group. Calculated each p value was<0.05 level of significant. In experimental group t-value was 11.93, 22.49 and 15.38 while in control group it was 7.07, 1.98, and 5.38 for respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and modified dyspnoea scale respectively.
Conclusion: According to study findings balloon blowing exercise was effective on respiratory parameters among patients with lower respiratory tract infection
The Role of Shared Knowledge in Achieving Competitive Advantage in Economic Institutions
Full text linkThis research examines the role of shared knowledge in achieving competitive advantage for economic institutions. Such knowledge contributes to enhancing innovation, improving efficiency, and increasing the ability to adapt to market changes. Shared knowledge enables institutions to leverage employees’ experiences and expertise, which supports the development of innovative products and services and provides rapid solutions to problems. It also enhances organizational performance and boosts productivity by reducing the time and effort spent on repetitive tasks, while fostering a flexible organizational environment that supports collaboration among individuals.
However, institutions face significant challenges such as resistance within organizational culture, weak leadership support, information technology issues, and privacy concerns. To overcome these challenges, institutions should adopt effective strategies that include developing a supportive knowledge environment, implementing appropriate technological systems, and providing incentives that encourage employees to actively engage in knowledge sharing.In conclusion, adopting shared knowledge is a vital tool for building a sustainable competitive advantage, strengthening institutions’ adaptability to changes, and achieving market leadership