Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities (JRTDD)
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Reducing Symptoms of Social Anxiety in a Young Adult: A Case Study on ReAttach
Full text linkIntroduction: ReAttach is a new, multi-modal psychological intervention based on the theoretical principles of arousal regulation, information processing and schema therapy. Practical research indicates that ReAttach significantly reduces psychological problems in both adults and children. Theories on ReAttach state that this is done by creating functional schemas, which in turn create more effective coping styles in clients and decrease psychological distress.Objectives: This article aims to provide a better understanding of ReAttach theory and give insight in the treatment process.Methods: This is done by linking theory to the treatment process of a young adult (N=1) with symptoms of social anxiety.Results: The psychological distress in the client decreased from 32 (serious problems) to 12 (no problems).Conclusion: ReAttach decreased symptoms of anxiety in the young adult and the theoretical principles of arousal regulation, information processing and schema therapy seem applicable to the case
An Overview of the History and Methodological Aspects of Psychometrics: History and Methodological aspects of Psychometrics
Full text linkINTRODUCTION: The use of psychometric tools such as tests or inventories comes with an agreement and acceptance that psychological characteristics, such as abilities, attitudes or personality traits, can be represented numerically and manipulated according to mathematical principles. Psychometrics and its close relation with statistics provides the scientific foundations and the standards that guide the development and use of psychological instruments, some of which are tests or inventories. This field has its own historic foundations and its particular analytical specificities and, while some are widely used analytical methods among psychologists and educational researchers, the history of psychometrics is either widely unknown or only partially known by these researchers or other students. OBJECTIVES: With that being said, this paper provides a succinct review of the history of psychometrics and its methods. From a theoretical approach, this study explores and describes the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Item Response Theory (IRT) frameworks and its models to deal with questions such as validity and reliability. Different aspects that gravitate around the field, in addition to recent developments are also discussed, including Goodness-of-Fit and Differential Item Functioning and Differential Test Functioning. CONCLUSIONS: This theoretical article helps to enhance the body of knowledge on psychometrics, it is especially addressed to social and educational researchers, and also contributes to training these scientists. To a lesser degree, the present article serves as a brief tutorial on the topic
Health Condition in Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Full text linkIntroduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are behaviourally defined syndromes where the etiology and pathophysiology are not very well understood. If the child has been diagnosed with autism, parents already face special behavioural challenges. What makes ASD even more difficult, are the many other medical health issues that often arise in this population. The purpose of this article is to summarise the latest understanding of autism’s commonly associated physical and mental health conditions. Methods: An analysis of relevant literature, sources from the internet and published literature, personal experience and observations of the author. Recent findings: Autism is a disorder of the whole body. It is often in co-morbidity with: epilepsy, gastrointestinal disorders, neuro-inflammation and immunological disorders, asthma, eczema, sleep disturbances, eating and feeding disorders, food allergies, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), headaches, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Fragile X syndrome, intellectual disability, nonverbal learning disorder, motor clumsiness, Tourette syndrome, sensory problems, tuberous sclerosis, oxidative stress, acquired mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. Many of the issues outlined here can overlap each other. Conclusions: Improved understanding of the underlying pathology of ASD and associated conditions, and the development of a common purpose across multiple treating sites, can improve the consistent and coordinated healthcare of children with autism. There is need for the development of improved strategies for delivering effective health education and healthcare to this large population. Improving the ability of these persons to lead relatively independent lives has a great economic impact
Effectiveness of Reattach Therapy in Management of Emotional Dysregulation with OCPD, PTSD, Anxiety and Stress in Young Adults
Full text linkEmotional dysregulation has three major components which contribute to some of the major symptomatology in disorders like Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, anxiety and stress. These components are: excessive intensity of emotions, poor processing of emotions and negative reactivity to emotions, which overlap as well as distinct symptoms with possible manifestations of emotional dysregulation like angry outbursts or behaviour outbursts such as destroying or throwing objects, aggression towards self or others, and threats to kill oneself, especially in young adults. These patients have a chronically and ongoing difficult time with the level of cooperation and social ability required for a healthy and fulfilling existence. ReAttach Therapy through its Multiple Sensory Integration Processing by Cognitive Bias Modification, has been found to be very helpful in the effective management of maladaptive emotions and helps developing interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation skills (expressing emotions effectively), behaviour control and distress situations management skills, which in turn helps the overall decrease in symptomatology of the above mentioned disorders
The relation between a developmental and social-emotional screening test used in public child daycare centers in Brazil
Full text linkBackground: Two developmental screening instruments for infants and young children, the Ages & Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) and the Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), are widely used in the US and internationally. Both tools are sometimes used concurrently but the relation between children’s scores on the two tools is seldom investigated. Methods: The Brazilian versions of ASQ-3 and ASQ:SE, known as the ASQ-BR and ASQ:SE-BR, were used for assessing 13,470 children ages one to four in public child daycare centres in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Four groups were defined according to children’s ages as one, two, three, and four year-olds. Correlation and multiple regression were employed to explore the relation between children’s scores on the ASQ-BR and the ASQ:SE-BR. Results: Results indicated that the domain scores of ASQ-BR, including communication (r = -0.38 to -0.44), gross motor (r = -0.19 to -0.32), fine motor (r = -0.33 to -0.45), problem solving (r = -0.36 to -0.42), and personal-social (r = -0.38 to -0.51) were significantly correlated with ASQ:SE-BR scores. Regression analyses suggested that the communication and personal-social domains were significant predictors of social-emotional scores in most of the age groups. Conclusion: General developmental assessment is suggested to be conducted with social-emotional screening. If the workload is heavy for administers to use both screeners concurrently, social-emotional screening is recommended for children who fail communication or personal-social domains on developmental screening tests