1,721,043 research outputs found
Cross-cultural validation of patient-reported outcomes in knee and hip osteoarthritis
No full textDans les pathologies ostéo-articulaires, les critères d’évaluation rapportés par les patients (Patient-Reported Outcomes ou PROs) sont désormais les critères de jugement incontournables, réclamés par les autorités sanitaires et les organismes de régulation. La validation de leurs propriétés psychométriques et leur adaptation transculturelle sont donc indispensables pour pouvoir les utiliser dans les essais thérapeutiques internationaux. Ce processus complexe de validation transculturelle permet d’élaborer une version du PRO dans le langage cible qui prenne en considération tous les spécificités socioculturelles et les équivalences linguistiques.Ce travail de thèse a comme problématique la validation transculturelle des PROs spécifiquement développés pour les pathologies du genou et de la hanche. Après avoir explicité les recommandations publiées dans ce domaine puis avoir réalisé une revue de la littérature de la qualité méthodologique des auto-questionnaires disponibles pour ces pathologies articulaires, nous avons entrepris les validations transculturelles du questionnaire KOOS (ou Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), du questionnaire HOOS (ou Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) et de leurs formes réduites (KOOS-PS et HOOS-PS pour Physical function Short form). Ces auto-questionnaires, développés en langue anglaise au cours de la dernière décennie, permettent d’évaluer de manière globale (symptômes, retentissement fonctionnel dans les activités quotidiennes et sportives, qualité de vie) des pathologies du genou ou de la hanche, aussi bien traumatiques que dégénératives. Après traduction et adaptation française selon les recommandations internationales, les versions françaises du KOOS, du HOOS, du KOOS-PS et du HOOS-PS ont ensuite été validées de manière prospective dans des cohortes françaises bi-centriques de patients arthrosiques suivis en milieu rhumatologique et orthopédique. Les résultats de ces travaux, publiés sous la forme de trois articles originaux, démontrent que les propriétés psychométriques des versions françaises de ces questionnaires sont satisfaisantes quelle que soit la sévérité de l’arthrose, en terme de faisabilité, de cohérence interne, de reproductibilité, de validité et de sensibilité au changement (après mise en place de prothèse totale ou viscosupplémentation par acide hyaluronique). Ces PROs capturent des concepts supplémentaires pertinents, comme le retentissement sur les activités sportives ou la qualité de vie, et permettent avec le même outil de mesure le suivi longitudinal de patients, depuis l’atteinte traumatique jusqu’à l’arthrose. Ils améliorent ainsi l’évaluation globale des pathologies du genou et de la hanche. La validation exhaustive, y compris transculturelle, permet à ce jour de considérer les questionnaires KOOS et le HOOS comme des PROS de référence. A ce titre, leur utilisation dans les essais thérapeutiques internationaux doit être encouragée.In joint diseases, Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) are now critical outcome measures, required by health authorities and regulatory agencies. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the psychometric properties of such PROs are needed in order to use them in international therapeutic trials. Thanks to this complex process of cross-cultural validation, the PRO in the target language can take into account the specific socio-cultural features and the linguistic equivalences. The aim of this thesis was to undertake the cross-cultural validation of PROs specifically developed for knee and hip disorders. After explaining the published recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation and then conducting a thorough review of reports dealing with the methodological evaluation of self-administered questionnaires in these joint diseases, we carried out the cross-cultural validation of the KOOS questionnaire (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), the HOOS questionnaire (Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) and their shortened versions (KOOS-PS and HOOS-PS for Physical function Short form). In the last ten years, these self-administered questionnaires were developed in English to assess the patients’ opinion (symptoms, functional disability in activities of daily life or sports activities, quality of life) about their knee and hip problems, both for traumatic and degenerative joint diseases. Following a translation and cross-cultural adaptation in French in accordance with international recommendations, the French versions of the KOOS, HOOS, KOOS-PS and HOO-PS were validated in a bi-centric prospective study of osteoarthritis patients treated in two rheumatology and orthopedics departments. The results of this work, published as three original articles, demonstrate that the psychometric properties of the French versions of these questionnaires are satisfactory in terms of feasibility, internal consistency, reliability, validity and responsiveness (following total hip or knee replacement or intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid), whatever the degree of severity of osteoarthritis. By capturing additional relevant concepts such as functional disability in sports activities or quality of life and allowing the longitudinal follow-up of patients (from traumatic lesions to osteoarthritis), with the same measurement tool, theses PROs improve the overall assessment of hip and knee disorders. In the light of the exhaustive validation, including cross-cultural adaptation, the KOOS and HOOS questionnaires can now be considered as references PROs in hip and knee disorders and their use in international therapeutic trials should be encouraged
''Do hip OA patients referred to orthopedic surgeons by general practitioners and rheumatologists differ?''
No full textSamson, Maxime | Maillefert, Jean-Francis | Roy, Carine | Cadet, Christian | Ravaud, PhilippeInternational audience''There is no consensus regarding indications for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in hip osteoarthritis (OA). Patients can be referred to surgeons either by a general practitioner (GP) or a rheumatologist. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients referred to orthopedic surgeons by GP and rheumatologists differed. GPs and rheumatologists were asked to include one patient suffering from hip OA for whom a consultation with a surgeon was planned to determine if THA was indicated. Surgeons' decisions were obtained by follow-up questionnaires. Univariate and then multivariate statistical analysis evaluated differences between patients referred by GPs and those referred by rheumatologists. A total of 558 patients were included. THA was prescribed in 71.6 % of patients referred by rheumatologists vs. 57.6 % of patients referred by GPs (p = 0.008). Patients referred by rheumatologists were younger (66.3 vs. 69.3 years; p = 0.006), less frequently retired (72.9 vs. 84.2 %; p = 0.007), and presented with a higher New Zealand score (54.3 vs. 48.1; p = 0.0009). On multivariate analysis, the variables related to patients referred by rheumatologists were the SF-12 mental score, the New Zealand score, and the surgeon's decision. Patients consulting a surgeon to discuss THA were more likely to be operated on when referred by a rheumatologist, which might be due to differences in the rheumatologists' and GPs' opinions on the right time to perform surgery or due to differences in the populations followed by rheumatologists and GPs, those followed by rheumatologists being younger, more active, more urban, with a greater willingness to undergo surgery.'
''Clinical interest of bone marrow aspiration in rheumatology: a practice-based observational study of 257 bone marrow aspirations''
No full textLoctin, Amelie | Bailly, Francois | Laroche, Davy | Tavernier, Christian | Maillefert, Jean-Francis | Ornetti, PaulInternational audience''Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) can be performed by rheumatologists for diagnostic purposes in clinical practice. The aim of the study was to assess professional practices of hospital-based rheumatologists with regard to BMA in order to identify the relevant indications. A retrospective observational study in patients hospitalised in a French university hospital was conducted between 2005 and 2011. All of the patients who had a BMA in the rheumatology department during the study period were included. Clinical indication, number and results of BMA and of bone marrow biopsy (BMB) were collected. Stage and treatment of the haematological disease implemented following the BMA were described. Two hundred fifty-seven BMAs and 79 BMBs were performed during the study period. Of the BMAs, 14.1 % were pathological: myeloma (n = 12), malignant B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 6), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 6), chronic lymphoid leukaemia (n = 4), Waldenstrom's disease (n = 3), chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (n = 2), hairy cell leukaemia (n = 1) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (n = 1). Eight of the 14 pathological BMBs were associated with normal BMA. BMAs were performed equally for gammaglobulin abnormalities (monoclonal peak = 45 % of indications, hypogammaglobulinemia = 6 %) and for other reasons (haemogram abnormality = 24 %, skeletal osteolysis = 6 %, unexplained inflammatory syndrome = 5 %, lymph node disease = 4 % and others). In clinical rheumatology, BMA may reveal two major types of malignant haematological diseases: myeloma with poor prognostic factors justifying polychemotherapy and autologous grafts and, in contrast, slowly evolving B cell lymphoid haemopathies. Given the additional risk in some types of chronic inflammatory rheumatism, BMB should be performed more frequently in certain specific situations (skeletal or lymph node tumour and unexplained inflammatory syndrome).'
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PREVALENCE DES ANTICORPS ANTICYTOPLASME DES POLYNUCLEAIRES NEUTROPHILES (ANCA) CHEZ LE SUJET AGE
No full textDIJON-BU Médecine Pharmacie (212312103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
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