49,181 research outputs found
Calibration of myocardial T2 and T1 against iron concentration.
No full textBACKGROUND: The assessment of myocardial iron using T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been validated and calibrated, and is in clinical use. However, there is very limited data assessing the relaxation parameters T1 and T2 for measurement of human myocardial iron.
METHODS: Twelve hearts were examined from transfusion-dependent patients: 11 with end-stage heart failure, either following death (n=7) or cardiac transplantation (n=4), and 1 heart from a patient who died from a stroke with no cardiac iron loading. Ex-vivo R1 and R2 measurements (R1=1/T1 and R2=1/T2) at 1.5 Tesla were compared with myocardial iron concentration measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.
RESULTS: From a single myocardial slice in formalin which was repeatedly examined, a modest decrease in T2 was observed with time, from mean (± SD) 23.7 ± 0.93 ms at baseline (13 days after death and formalin fixation) to 18.5 ± 1.41 ms at day 566 (p<0.001). Raw T2 values were therefore adjusted to correct for this fall over time. Myocardial R2 was correlated with iron concentration [Fe] (R2 0.566, p<0.001), but the correlation was stronger between LnR2 and Ln[Fe] (R2 0.790, p<0.001). The relation was [Fe] = 5081•(T2)-2.22 between T2 (ms) and myocardial iron (mg/g dry weight). Analysis of T1 proved challenging with a dichotomous distribution of T1, with very short T1 (mean 72.3 ± 25.8 ms) that was independent of iron concentration in all hearts stored in formalin for greater than 12 months. In the remaining hearts stored for <10 weeks prior to scanning, LnR1 and iron concentration were correlated but with marked scatter (R2 0.517, p<0.001). A linear relationship was present between T1 and T2 in the hearts stored for a short period (R2 0.657, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Myocardial T2 correlates well with myocardial iron concentration, which raises the possibility that T2 may provide additive information to T2* for patients with myocardial siderosis. However, ex-vivo T1 measurements are less reliable due to the severe chemical effects of formalin on T1 shortening, and therefore T1 calibration may only be practical from in-vivo human studies
Magnetic Characterization Of Mn5sib2 And Mn5si3 Phases
No full textIn this work the Mn5Si3 and Mn5SiB2 phases were produced via arc melting and heat treatment at 1000 °C for 50 h under argon. A detailed microstructure characterization indicated the formation of single-phase Mn5Si3 and near single-phase Mn5SiB2 microstructures. The magnetic behavior of the Mn5Si3 phase was investigated and the results are in agreement with previous data from the literature, which indicates the existence of two anti-ferromagnetic structures for temperatures below 98 K. The Mn5SiB2 phase shows a ferromagnetic behavior presenting a saturation magnetization Ms of about 5.35×105 A/m (0.67 T) at room temperature and an estimated Curie temperature between 470 and 490 K. In addition, AC susceptibility data indicates no evidence of any other magnetic ordering in 4-300 K temperature range. The magnetization values are smaller than that calculated using the magnetic moment from previous literature NMR results. This result suggests a probable ferrimagnetic arrangement of the Mn moments. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.3211725782581Aronsson, B., Lundstron, T., Engstrom, I., Some aspects of the crystal chemistry of borides, boro-carbides and silicides of transition metal: Anisotropy in single crystal refractory compounds (1968) International Symposium Dayton Ohio Proceedings, 1, pp. 3-32Lander, G.H., Brown, P.J., Forsytht, J.B., (1967) Proc. Phys. Soc., 91, pp. 332-340Povzner, A.A., Sheinker, M.E., Krentsis, R.P., Geld, P.V., Vuzov, Izv., (1978) Fizika, 5, pp. 126-128. , (Engl. Transl. Sov. Phys. J. 21 (5) 654-655)Menshikov, A.Z., Vokhmyanin, A.P., Dorofeev, Yu.A., (1990) Phys. Status Solidi B, 158, pp. 319-328Vinokurova, L., Ivanov, V., Kulatov, E., (1995) Physica B, 211, pp. 96-98Al-Kanani, H.J., Booth, J.G., (1995) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 140-144, pp. 1539-1540Chaban, N.F., Kuzma, Yu.B., (1970) Neorg. Mater., 6 (5), pp. 1007-1008Aronsson, B., Lundgren, G., (1959) Acta Chem. Scand., 13, pp. 433-441Chikazumi, S., (1997) Physics of Ferromagnetism-International Series of Monographs on Physics, , Oxford University Press, New YorkKasaya, M., (1975) Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., LVIII (SUPPL. 2-37)Wäppling, R., Ericsson, T., Häggström, Andersson, Y., (1976) J. Phys. Supp, 12-37. , C6-591-593Blundell, S., (2003) Magnetism in Condensed Matter-Oxford Master Series in Condensed Matter Physics, , Oxford University Press, New YorkHaug, M., Fähnle, Kronmüller, (1987) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 69, pp. 163-170Carré, E., Souletie, J., (1988) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 72, pp. 29-3
Magnetic susceptibility study of Ce 3+ in PbCeA (A=Te, Se, S)
No full textThe magnetic susceptibility of Pb 1-xCe xA (A=S, Se and Te) crystals with Ce 3 concentrations 0.006≤x≤0.036 was investigated in the temperature range from 2 K to 300 K. The magnetic susceptibility data was found to be consistent with a 2F 5-2 lowest manifold for Ce 3 ions with a crystal-field splitting Δ=E(Γ 8)-E(Γ 7) of about 340 K, 440 K and 540 K for Pb 1-xCe xTe, Pb 1-xCe xSe, and Pb 1-xCe xS, respectively. For all the three compounds the doublet Γ 7 lies below the Γ 8 quadruplet which confirms the substitution of Pb 2 by Ce 3 ions in the host crystals. The observed values for the crystal-field splitting are in good agreement with the calculated ones based on the point-charge model. Moreover, the effective Landé factors were determined by X-band (∼9.5 GHz), electron paramagnetic measurements (EPR) to be g=1.333, 1.364, and 1.402 for Ce ions in PbA, A = S, Se and Te, respectively. The small difference with the predicted Landé factor g of 10-7 for the Γ 7 (J=5-2) ground state was attributed to crystal-field admixture. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Adroja DT, 2005, PHYSICA B, V359, P314, DOI 10.1016-j.physb.2005.01.118; ANDERSON JR, 1990, PHYS REV B, V41, P1014, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.41.1014; Banerjee P, 2005, J MATER SCI, V40, P1333, DOI 10.1007-s10853-005-0561-7; Bauer G., 1991, DILUTED MAGNETIC SEM; Bindilatti V, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, P7854, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.57.7854; Dash K, 2012, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V324, P602, DOI 10.1016-j.jmmm.2011.08.051; Fita P, 1999, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V68, P681, DOI 10.1007-s003390050960; FREEMAN AJ, 1962, PHYS REV, V127, P2058, DOI 10.1103-PhysRev.127.2058; GAJ JA, 1979, SOLID STATE COMMUN, V29, P435, DOI 10.1016-0038-1098(79)91211-0; GENNARO AM, 1993, MATER RES SOC SYMP P, V301, P213, DOI 10.1557-PROC-301-213; GORSKA M, 1989, ACTA PHYS POL A, V75, P273; GORSKA M, 1990, SOLID STATE COMMUN, V75, P363, DOI 10.1016-0038-1098(90)90913-V; GORSKA M, 1988, PHYS REV B, V38, P9120, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.38.9120; Grabecki G, 2002, PHYSICA E, V13, P649, DOI 10.1016-S1386-9477(02)00210-2; Gratens X, 2003, PHYSICA B, V329, P1245, DOI 10.1016-S0921-4526(02)02207-X; Gratens X, 1997, PHYS REV B, V55, P8075, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.55.8075; Gratens X, 2001, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V226, P2036, DOI 10.1016-S0304-8853(00)01079-9; Gratens X, 2009, PHYS REV B, V79, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.79.075207; Gratens X, 2000, PHYSICA B, V284, P1519, DOI 10.1016-S0921-4526(99)02726-X; Gratens X, 2000, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V12, P3711, DOI 10.1088-0953-8984-12-15-317; Hermann C.F., 1966, J APPL PHYS, V37, P1312; HULLIGER F, 1978, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V8, P87, DOI 10.1016-0304-8853(78)90108-7; Isber S, 1997, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V9, P10023, DOI 10.1088-0953-8984-9-45-028; Isber S, 1997, PHYS REV B, V56, P13724, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.56.13724; Isber S, 1996, PHYS REV B, V54, P7634, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.54.7634; Jwardowski A., 1990, J APPL PHYS, V67, P5108; LEA KR, 1962, J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS, V23, P1381, DOI 10.1016-0022-3697(62)90192-0; LEWICKI A, 1987, J PHYS C SOLID STATE, V20, P2005, DOI 10.1088-0022-3719-20-13-016; OTT HR, 1979, PHYS REV LETT, V42, P1378, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevLett.42.1378; Springholz G, 2002, PHYSICA E, V13, P876, DOI 10.1016-S1386-9477(02)00224-2; Su P, 2011, PHYSICA B, V406, P4429, DOI 10.1016-j.physb.2011.09.001; VISSER R, 1993, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V5, P5887, DOI 10.1088-0953-8984-5-32-01711
L-edge inner shell spectroscopy of nanostructured Fe3O4
No full textSem informaçãoWe have measured magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L edge in samples of colloidal Fe3O4 and in Fe3O4 powder. The results for the colloid can be interpreted in terms of the model presented by Sette et al. for the dichroism of bulk Fe3O4. We notice a shift in the position of the Fe L3 line in the colloid with regard to the powder, which is however in the opposite direction as expected for a cluster. We observe a new structure in the dichroism of the colloid spectrum that could be cluster-specific, in spite of the fact that, for the cluster size of our colloids, the fraction of atoms at the surface of the cluster is not large. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.We have measured magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L edge in samples of colloidal Fe3O4 and in Fe3O4 powder. The results for the colloid can be interpreted in terms of the model presented bySette et al. for the dichroism of bulk Fe3O4. We notice a shift in the position of the Fe L3 line in the colloid with regard to the powder, which is however in the opposite direction as expected for a cluster. We observe a new structure in the dichroism of the colloid spectrum that could be cluster-specific, in spite of the fact that, for the cluster size of our colloids, the fraction of atoms at the surface of the cluster is not large.We have measured magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L edge in samples of colloidal Fe3O4 and in Fe3O4 powder. The results for the colloid can be interpreted in terms of the model presented bySette et al. for the dichroism of bulk Fe3O4. We notice a shift in the position of the Fe L3 line in the colloid with regard to the powder, which is however in the opposite direction as expected for a cluster. We observe a new structure in the dichroism of the colloid spectrum that could be cluster-specific, in spite of the fact that, for the cluster size of our colloids, the fraction of atoms at the surface of the cluster is not large.Workshop on Applications of Synchrotron Light to Magnetic Materials2331/26973Sem informaçãoSem informaçãoSem informaçãoVon Haeften, K., De Castro, A.R.B., Joppien, M., Moussavizadeh, L., Von Pietrowski, R., Moeller, T., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 4371Teodorescu, C.M., Womes, M., El Afif, A., Karnatak, R.C., Esteva, J.M., Flank, A.M., Lagarde, P., (1998) Innershell absorption of Alkali Halides clusters, Poster Tu 053 at XII International Conference on VUV Physics, , San Francisco, USA, 3-7 AugustNowak, C., Bostedt, C., Kakar, S., Lau, T., Loefken, J.O., Rienecker, C., Moeller, T., De Castro, A.R.B., (1997) HASYLAB Jahresbericht, 96, p. 229Lauva, M., Auzans, E., Levickis, V., Plavins, J., (1990) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 85, p. 295Chan, D.C.F., Kirpotin, D.B., Bunn P.A., Jr., (1993) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 122, p. 374De Cuyper, M., Joniau, M., (1993) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 122, p. 340Krupicka, S., Novak, P., Oxide Spinels (1982) Ferromagnetism, 3. , E.P. Wolfarth (Ed.), North Holland, AmsterdamApsel, S.E., Emmert, J.W., Deng, J., Bloomfield, L.A., (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, p. 1441Martins, F., (1998) Preparação e caracterização de magnetolipossomas, , Ms.A. Thesis, Fac Eng Quim UNICAMP, OutCroconbette, J.P., Pollak, M., Jollet, F., Thromat, N., Gautier-Soyer, M., (1995) Phys. Rev. B, 52, p. 3143Koide, T., Shidara, T., Fukutani, H., Yamaguchi, K., Fujimori, A., Kimura, S., (1991) Phys. Rev. B, 44, p. 4697Sette, F., Chen, C.T., Ma, Y., Modesti, S., Smith, N.V., Magnetic circular dichroism studies with soft X-rays (1991) Proc. XAFS Conference, , S.S. Hasnein (Ed.), Ellis Horwood, ChichesterWang, X., De Groot, F., Cramer, S.P., (1996) J. Electr. Spectr. Rel. Phenom., 78, p. 337Woermer, J., (1990) Untersuchung der elektronischen Anregungen von Krypton und Argon clustern mit fluoreszenzspektroskopischen Methoden, , Doctoral Thesis, Hamburg Interner Bericht HASYLAB 90-05, DezStapelfedt, J., (1990) CLULU: Ein neuen Experiment fuer Fluoreszenuntersuchungen an Edelgas Clustern vom Dimer bis zum Mikrokristall, , Doctoral Thesis, Hamburg, Interner Bericht HASYLAB 90-01, MarchMassart, R., Cabuil, V., Synthese en milieu alcalin de magnetite colloidale: Controle du rendement et de la taille des particules (1987) J. Chim. Phys., 84, p. 967Chen, C.T., Idzerda, Y.U., Lin, H.J., Smith, N.V., Meigs, G., Chaban, E., Ho, G.H., Sette, F., (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, p. 152Workshop on Applications of Synchrotron Light to Magnetic Materials14 a 16 Aug. 2000Campinas, SPLaboratório Nacional de Luz SíncrotronWe thank D. Ugarte for the SEM studies of our samples
Exchange coupling in spins quartet of dimeric polyoxoanions [M 4(H2O)2(GeW9O34) 2]12- (M=Mn2+, Cu2+)
No full textMagnetization and magnetic susceptibility of dimeric polyoxoanions [M 4(H2O)2(GeW9O34) 2]12- (M=Mn2+, Cu2+) were investigated using an isotropic exchange coupling model with two coupling constant (J and J′) within the spin quartet formed by M4O 16 (M=Mn2+, Cu2+). The exchange couplings were found to be antiferromagnetic for both samples with the values (J-k B=-0.91±0.04 K and J′-kB=-1.18±0.02 K) and (J-kB=-13.5±0.5 K and J′-kB=-66±4 K) for the samples containing Mn2+ and Cu2+, respectively. Furthermore, X- and Q-Band powder electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements on the sample containing Cu2+ were investigated and the experimental spectra were simulated using a triplet spin state S=1 and I=3, and including a small axial distortion D term. This leads to spin-Hamiltonian parameters of: |D|=0.44±0.01 GHz, g∥=2. 415±0.005, g⊥=2.070±0.005, A∥= (40±1) G. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Abragam A., 1970, ELECT PARAMAGNETIC R; CHAUDHURI P, 1991, INORG CHEM, V30, P2148, DOI 10.1021-ic00009a036; Gatteschi D., 1991, MAGNETIC MOL MAT; GATTESCHI D, 1994, ADV MATER, V6, P635, DOI 10.1002-adma.19940060903; GLADFELTER WL, 1981, INORG CHEM, V20, P2390, DOI 10.1021-ic50222a007; GOMEZGARCIA CJ, 1992, INORG CHEM, V31, P1667, DOI 10.1021-ic00035a028; GOMEZGARCIA CJ, 1993, INORG CHEM, V32, P3378, DOI 10.1021-ic00067a032; Shapira Y, 2002, J APPL PHYS, V92, P4155, DOI 10.1063-1.1507808; SPASOJEVIC V, 1991, PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B, V165, P555, DOI 10.1002-pssb.2221650226; WASFI SH, 1987, INORG CHEM, V26, P2934, DOI 10.1021-ic00265a0040
Structure and dynamics of solid tris (Trimethylsilyl) Amine by deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
No full textDeuterium NMR spectra for solid [H-2(9)]tris(trimethylsilyl)amine were recorded at 77 K and in the region 114-353 K. At 77 K there is only fast rotation of the methyl groups. Between 122 and 171 K rotation of the trimethylsilyl groups and of the entire molecule (about its C3 axis) affect the deuterium N M R line shape. Above 180 K both motions are fast ( > 10(5) Hz). There is a phase transition at 227 +/- 2 K. Above 227 K the molecule undergoes a fast precessional motion of increasing effective amplitude until the melting point (343 K). The only dynamic model capable of explaining the spectra at temperatures above 180 K requires the three N-Si bonds to be coplanar.PT: J; CR: ANDERSON DG, 1989, J CHEM SOC DA, P779 ANDERSON DG, 1990, J CHEM SOC DA, P161 BARLOS K, 1978, J MAGN RESON, V31, P363 BLAKE AJ, 1986, J CHEM SOC DA, P91 DAVIS JH, 1976, CHEM PHYS LETT, V42, P390 DAVIS JH, 1991, ISOTOPES PHYSICAL BI, V2, CH2 EBSWORTH EAV, 1987, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V20, P295 GRIFFIN RG, 1981, METHOD ENZYMOL, V72, P108 GRUWEL MLH, 1990, Z NATURFORSCH A, V45, P55 GUNDERSEN G, 1984, ACTA CHEM SCAND A, V38, P579 HEYES SJ, 1990, MAGN RESONANCE CHEM, V28, P537 KORFER M, 1989, Z NATURFORSCH A, V44, P1177 LEVY H, 1967, J INORG NUCL CHEM, V29, P1859 LIVANT P, 1983, INORG CHEM, V22, P895 RANKIN DWH, 1969, J CHEM SOC A, P1224 RANKIN DWH, 1987, J CHEM SOC DA, P785 SPIESS HW, 1985, ADV POLYM SCI, V66, P233 WANNAGAT U, 1959, ANGEW CHEM, V71, P574 WRACKMEYER B, 1990, MAGN RESON CHEM, V28, P1066; NR: 19; TC: 1; J9: J CHEM SOC DALTON TRANS; PG: 4; GA: KQ743Source type: Electronic(1
The role of mesoscopic modelling in understanding the response of dental enamel to mid-infrared radiation
No full textHuman dental enamel has a porous mesostructure at the nanometre to micrometre scales that affects its thermal and mechanical properties relevant to laser treatment. We exploit finite-element models to investigate the response of this mesostructured enamel to mid-infrared lasers (CO2 at 10.6 mu m and Er:YAG at 2.94 mu m). Our models might easily be adapted to investigate ablation of other brittle composite materials. The studies clarify the role of pore water in ablation, and lead to an understanding of the different responses of enamel to CO2 and Er:YAG lasers, even though enamel has very similar average properties at the two wavelengths. We are able to suggest effective operating parameters for dental laser ablation, which should aid the introduction of minimally-invasive laser dentistry. In particular, our results indicate that, if pulses of approximate to 10 mu s are used, the CO2 laser can ablate dental enamel without melting, and with minimal damage to the pulp of the tooth. Our results also suggest that pulses with 0.1-1 mu s duration can induce high stress transients which may cause unwanted cracking
On the use of a slice-selective 270 degrees self-refocusing Gaussian pulse for magnetic resonance imaging: comments on the note by D. M. Doddrell et al
No full textIt is shown that the results obtained by D. M. Doddrell, G. J. Galloway, S. E. Rose, P. J. Moulds, and I. M. Brereton (Magn. Reson. Med. 19, 1991) using self‐refocusing 270° Gaussian pulses for slice selection are consistent with our predictions (Magn. Reson. Med. 10, 273, 1989).LRMBLR
Round Table Discussion: Present And Future Applications Of Nanocrystalline Magnetic Materials
No full textExamples of existing or potential applications of nanocrystalline magnetic materials, ranging from soft to hard magnetic alloys, are presented and discussed by experts in the respective fields of research and technology. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.2942252266Vázquez, M., (2003) Materiales Magnéticos, , COTEC Foundation Madrid, MarchBattle, X., Labarta, A., (2002) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 35, pp. R15Skomski, R., (2003) J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., 15, pp. R841Knobel, M., Brandl, A.L., Vargas, J.M., Socolovsky, L.M., Zanchet, D., (2004) Physica B, 354, p. 80Proceedings of the international conference on magnetism (ICM 2003) (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 272-276Shinkai, M., (2002) J. Biosci. Bioeng., 94, p. 606Mornet, S., Vasseur, S., Grasset, F., Duguet, E., (2004) J. Mater. Chem., 14, p. 2161Vargas, J.M., Socolovsky, L.M., Goya, G.F., Knobel, M., Zanchet, D., (2003) IEEE Trans. Magn., 39, p. 2681Yoshizawa, Y., Oguma, S., Yamauchi, K., (1988) J Appl. 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Enhancement Of The Curie Temperature For Exchange Coupled Nd-fe-b And Pr-fe-b Magnets
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