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High prevalence of essential hypertension and enhanced activity of the renin angiotensin system in psoriasic patients.
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Baroreflex sensitivity is not altered by central administration of HOE 140, a novel bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist
No full textRole of human tissue kallikrein in gastrointestinal stromal tumour invasion
Full text linkBackground:
Human tissue kallikrein (hK1) generates vasodilator kinins from kininogen and promotes angiogenesis by kinin-dependent and kinin-independent mechanisms. Here, we investigate the expression and functional relevance of hK1 in human gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST).<p></p>
Methods:
Vascularisation and hK1 expression of GIST samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry. In two GIST cell lines, hK1 expression was assessed by PCR, and hK1 protein levels and activity were measured by ELISA and an amidolytic assay, respectively. The effect of hK1 silencing, inhibition or overexpression on GIST cell proliferation, migration and paracrine induction of angiogenesis was studied. Finally, local and systemic levels of hK1 were assessed in mice injected with GIST cells.<p></p>
Results:
Human tissue kallikrein was detected in 19 out of 22 human GIST samples. Moreover, GIST cells express and secrete active hK1. Titration of hK1 demonstrated its involvement in GIST invasive behaviour, but not proliferation. Furthermore, hK1 released by GIST cells promoted endothelial cell migration and network formation through kinin-dependent mechanisms. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour implantation in nude mice resulted in local and systemic hK1 expression proportional to tumour dimension.<p></p>
Conclusions:
Human tissue kallikrein is produced and released by GIST and participates in tumour invasion. Further studies are needed to validate hK1 as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in GIST
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A KALLIKREIN-LIKE ENZYME IN HUMAN VASCULAR TISSUE
No full textWe attempted to identify the presence of kallikrein in human vascular tissue obtained from patients undergoing surgery. Sections of thoracic (n = 9) and abdominal aorta (n = 6), renal artery (n = 6), and saphenous vein (n = 17) were rinsed with 0.01 mol/L Tris-HCl buffer, cleaned, minced, and homogenized at 4 degrees C. The homogenates were centrifuged and supernatants were assayed for protein content and for active and total (trypsin activation) enzymatic activity on the peptide H-D-Val-Leu-Arg-paranitroanilide (S2266), a synthetic substrate for glandular kallikrein. Enzymatic activity was inhibited by aprotinin and polyclonal antibodies against human glandular kallikrein. Kallikrein was resistant to soybean trypsin inhibitor and had an optimum pH of 8.2. A significant correlation was found between the amidolytic and kininogenase activities measured on S2266 and dog kininogen, respectively (r = 0.83, P < .01). The kallikrein-like enzyme was present mainly in the inactive form. Higher levels were found in the homogenates of renal artery (active: 190 +/- 36, total: 5036 +/- 908 pkat/g protein) than in those of thoracic (active: 38 +/- 9, total: 973 +/- 350 pkat/g protein) and abdominal aorta (active: 44 +/- 10, total: 3031 +/- 709 pkat/g protein). In the homogenates of saphenous vein, active and total enzymatic activities averaged 188 +/- 90 and 2003 +/- 450 pkat/g protein, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between the levels of total enzymatic activity in saphenous vein homogenates and mean blood pressure values (r = 0.78, P < .005). These results suggest that a kallikrein-like enzyme is present in human vasculatur
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