1,720,955 research outputs found
Preliminary pharmaceutico - analytical analysis and FTIR evaluation of Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium) before and after purification using Narikela jala (Coconut water) as shodana media
Get PDFBhallataka (Semicarpus anacardium Linn), commonly known as Indian marking nut, is a poisonous plant that is therapeutically used after proper shodhana (purification) in Ayurveda, an Indian system of medicine. Therapeutically, it is used extensively in the management of many diseases like Arshas (piles), Arbuda (cancer), etc. According to the Drugs and Cosmetics Act (India), 1940, it is mentioned in Schedule E-1 drugs (Poisonous drugs). The fruits of bhallataka (Semicarpus anacardium Linn) have their own poisonous property, and the oily fraction in the pericarp of the fruit is responsible for the toxic nature of the drug. Therefore, it should be used therapeutically only after proper shodhana (purification); as injudicious use of ashuddha (impure) bhallataka may result in toxic effects. It is hazardous to humans due to its irritant property, causing symptoms like burning sensation of the skin, blister formation, ulcer, and so on.
Various shodhana (purification) methods are mentioned in the Ayurvedic literature. Bhallataka shodana was done as per the reference, and preliminary analytical study, phytochemical evaluation, and FTIR analysis were conducted to understand the impact of shodhana (purification) on bhallataka (Semicarpus anacardium Linn). These obtained pharmaceutical standards can be taken as a reference for further research to know the impact of shodhana on ashuddha (impure) bhallataka and to compare the physicochemical parameters of ashuddha (impure) bhallataka and shuddha (pure) bhallataka (Semicarpus anacardium Linn)
A Review on Probable Mode of Action of Gandhaka Rasayana - An Ayurvedic Herbo-Mineral Formulation with Multifaceted Action
Get PDFAs per ancient Ayurvedic scholars for getting a desirable outcome of any medication, it should be precisely analysed before prescribing to the patient. There are numbers of classical formulations successfully practiced by Ayurvedic physicians for treating various ailments but in maximum cases there is lack of data regarding their details mechanism of action. Such one multidrug classical formulation is Gandhaka rasayana which is widely practiced Ayurvedic formulation. Gandhaka rasayana have been used in Ayurvedic Rasashastra to treat various types of diseases related to Tvak, Mandhagni, various Srotas. It is a time tested formulation used by Ayurvedic practitioners for correcting Kushta, Indralupta, Vatarakta, Palitya, Dushta vrana, Arumsika etc. Modern scientific world needs explanation and logic behind the mode of action of Gandhaka rasayana with respective to each particular disease. This review is an attempt to explain multiple mode of action of Gandhaka rasayana in various diseases on analysing properties of ingredients. Analysis of mode of action gives deep insight about use of formulation with a better understanding
Occupational Contact Dermatitis from Bhallataka Shodhana - A Case Based Insight Into Urushiol Toxicity
Get PDFThe nut known as "marking nut" and colloquially referred to as "Bhallataka" or "Bhilawa," Semecarpus Anacardium Linn (Family: Anacardiaceae), has been utilized in traditional medicine systems for a variety of illnesses since ancient times. According to the Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1940, it is classified as a Schedule E 1 medicine (poisonous medicinal plant). Despite used for numerous health conditions in Indian medicine and traditional medicine as a single formulation and compound formulation. The sticky, tar-like oil found in Bhallataka has been linked to contact dermatitis, primarily due to the presence of urushiol- a compound known to cause blistering on areas of skin that come into contact with it. This irritant oil, located mainly in the pericarp of the fruit, contains a mixture of 3-n-pentadec(en)yl catechols, which include anacardic acid and the bioactive constituents bhilawanol A and B. Bhilawanol itself is a blend of cis and trans isomers of ursuhenol and is chiefly concentrated within the fruit. This paper presents a case report of allergic contact dermatitis resulting from exposure to vapors released during the Swedana process of Bhallataka fruit in a Dola Yantra. The condition was aggravated by negligent handling during fruit slicing, insufficient safety measures, and improper cleaning of utensils used throughout the Shodhana procedure. The Shodhana, Shamana and Raktamokshana by Siravyadha methods given was successful in reducing the symptoms. This case study demonstrates the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment (Shodhana, Shamana and Siravedhana) in contact dermatitis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
