1,725,901 research outputs found
Paisagem dos montes e árvores
No full textFotografia colorPaisagem dos montes e árvores da serra catarinense. Data não identificad
Trás-os-Montes e Douro: avaliação dos níveis de desenvolvimento e orientações estratégicas
No full textO estudo pretende servir de base para a troca de conhecimentos com o intuito de provocar a
discussão construtiva no congresso. A questão económica não é mais exclusiva do desenvolvimento,
surgindo como essenciais a sustentabilidade ambiental, a equidade social, a capacidade cívica e a
eficiência económica. Nesse sentido deverá ir a intervenção do Estado. O estudo revela que as
disparidades de desenvolvimento são maiores nas Nut’s III da Região Norte de Portugal que nas
Províncias de Castela e Leão. Trás-os-Montes e Douro estão na cauda,em termos de desenvolvimento.
Relativamente aos Concelhos de Trás-os-Montes e Douro, Vila Real está a um nível superior aos
dos restantes, surgindo 4 municípios num segundo nível: Bragança, Chaves, Lamego e Régua; Mirandela
e Tarouca, com a proximidade de Macedo de Cavaleiros, estão no 3º nível; surgem depois os restantes
municípios, à excepção de Carrazeda de Ansiães, Boticas e Vimioso que estão a um nível mais baixo de
desenvolvimento. Relativamente a 1991, não há hoje grandes diferenças de desenvolvimento relativo dos
diferentes concelhos, sendo de destacar a subida de Bragança e a descida de Peso da Régua.
O estudo termina com algumas considerações e recomendações sobre o modo como se deverá
elaborar um plano estratégico de desenvolvimento que envolva os actores da região e de fora que com
esta estejam relacionados de algum modo
Nature and landscape sustainability in Portuguese rural areas: Which role for farming external benefits valorisation?
No full textTraditional farming systems are declining rapidly in Portugal. These labour intensive and low productivity systems are incompatible with depopulation and ageing of rural areas. This lack of socio-economic sustainability endangers nature and landscape conservation. Agri-environmental measures, applied in European Union since 1994, can be seen as potential answer to that problem in the Portuguese case. But to be effective, these measures need to be part of an integrated strategy directed to mitigate depopulation. The NGOs and the official organisations related to nature and landscape conservation are aware of that and acknowledge it in the National Strategy for Nature and Biodiversity Conservation. This decline in the farming external benefits supply happens simultaneously with the increasing of its demand. General public, of all ages and socio-economic strata, wants rural nature and landscape conservation for use and nonuse purposes. Contingent Valuation studies conducted in the North of Portugal (Santos, 1997; Madureira, 2001) show a positive willingness to pay of visitors and general public to assure traditional agrarian landscape conservation. To preserve the rural cultural heritage is the main reason presented by the public to stand for landscape maintenance. Official data on land use and demographic trends, data on touristic demand for rural areas and empirical evidence on public preferences for rural nature and landscape attributes are used to witness these different directions in supply and demand for farming external benefits. A closer look to this divergence is taken for the case of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. This Region contains various typical landscapes where farmer’s action shaped nature in a singular way. This feature attracts many tourists and visitants, which number is expected to grow, specially for Douro vineyards classified as Humanity Patrimony. But all of these landscapes are, to a more or less extent, risking being abandon or restructured to allow mechanisation. Afforestation it is also becoming an alternative pattern in soil occupation at the Region. Thus, this Region exemplifies very well the social and political choices that come up in the context presented in this communication: (1) Which landscapes to preserve? How much of it? And (2) How to do it? Use Beneficiary Pays Principle or Provider Gets based mechanisms? The first questions are mainly social issues, making evident the importance of getting information on public preferences for related political decisions. The second group asks for political choices, where the main challenge is to define and implement solutions capable of tuning in societal choices with local population and economic agents aspirations and resources. Without these solutions traditional landscape will disappear. Some face that as inevitability. But should it be so? The general public seems to disagree with that. And increasing touristic demand indicates opportunities for local development through farming external benefits valorisation. Bringing evidence and discussion on these questions is the main purpose of this communication.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sol–Gel Carrier System: A Novel Controlled Drug Delivery
No full textIn the recent decades, numerous drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles have been developed. To deliver drugs to a specific site, many vehicles have been designed, including liposomes, lipid and polymeric nanoparticles. However these systems can suffer some limitations such as thermal and physical instability as well as opsonization by reticuloendothelial system. This chapter addresses the development and application of silica gel nanoparticles (nanogels) for drug delivery. The synthesis of nanoparticles by sol-gel technology offers new possibilities and many advantages for embedding organic compounds within silica, controlling their release from the host matrix into a surrounding medium, being a great potential for a variety of drug delivery applications, such as the site-specific delivery and intracellular controlled release of drugs, genes, and other therapeutic agents.Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Health Sciences UFP, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296Department of Biology and Environment University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CITAB-UTAD)Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UNESPInstitute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (IBB-CGB/UTAD)Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UNES
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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