1,721,768 research outputs found
Neurological assessment in the first two years of life
No full textThe book provides a review of the state of the art of neurological assessment in the first two years of life and identifies the most appropriate instruments for the follow-up of newborns who are at risk of developing neurological abnormalities.
After a brief description of the neurophysiological basis of development in the first years, the book provides a comprehensive review of the various methods used for the neurological assessment in young infants describing how a combined approach of clinical and instrumental investigations can provide important diagnostic and prognostic information.
The first part of the book describes the most used clinical neurological examinations and their applications in infants with neurological abnormalities, followed by a description of the value of neuroimaging and neurophysiological techniques in normal preterm and full term infants in the first two years and the main types of abnormal MR findings of neurophysiological findings (EEG and evoked potentials) in relation to brain lesions.
Other sections include chapters describing techniques assessing specific aspects of cognitive, perceptual and sensory abilities. Special attention is given to hearing, language and communication and to development of vision and visual attention both in normal infants and in those with neonatal brain lesions.
The final chapters are devoted to intervention, describing how the identification of specific profiles of impairment can lead to the development of appropriate plans of early intervention
Caring masculinities in prison? Social workers and programs dealing with incarcerated fatherhood
No full textThe article explores how fatherhood in prison is conceived and supported by policy intervention in Italy. Despite the fact that, in 2020, 96% of adults detained in Italian prisons were men and half of them had at least one child, fatherhood in prison, a gendered space and institution where masculinities are (re)produced, is an underdeveloped research topic. Adopting a caring masculinity perspective, we focus on incarcerated fatherhood to investigate if and how Italian social programs that deal with incarcerated parents target fathers and, if so, to what extent they promote caring masculinities. To this aim, we will combine an analysis of social programs for incarcerated fathers in Italy, almost entirely run by third sector organizations, with discursive interviews with educators, welfare workers, and third sector stakeholders who participated in the implementation of a project for incarcerated parents in a north Italian prison. The results of our analysis show that involved fatherhood is not only denied to incarcerated men; it is also not allowed in an institution, such as a prison, where domination is the keyword
Treatment of spinal muscular atrophy
No full textPurpose of review The aim of the review was to provide an overview of safety and efficacy of the available treatments including information from both clinical trials and real-world data. Additional information form ongoing studies using other approaches than increasing SMN protein are also reported. Recent findings In the last 3years, there have been over 24 studies reporting safety and the impact of the available drugs on different aspects of function, including respiratory and bulbar function. These findings, obtained in a real-world setting, are extremely important to define the spectrum of responses in individuals with different age, weight, SMN2 copies, and other variables and will be of help to the families and the clinicians to set up the right expectations at the time of starting a new treatment. Summary The large number of studies that became available in the last few years support and expand the information on safety and efficacy provided by the clinical trials
Registries versus tertiary care centers: How do we measure standards of care in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
No full textIn Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), large clinical trials can only be possible as part of an international multicentric effort. A crucial question for the field is whether the centers involved in clinical trials and in natural history studies have similar standards of care, so that comparability of the data is guaranteed and the risk of bias reduced
Visual disorders in children with brain lesions: 2. Visual impairment associated with cerebral palsy
No full textDisorders of visual function are a common finding in children with cerebral palsy. In some cases they are secondary to ophthalmologic abnormalities such as cataract or retinopathy, but more often they are due to damage of the central visual pathway. We review the literature on the prevalence and distribution of visual abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy and their relation to cognitive, motor and emotional development
New diagnostic and therapeutic tools in child neurology
No full textThe book provides a comprehensive review and update of the newest diagnostic and therapeutic tools in paediatric neurology. Special attention is paid to neuroradiologic and neurophysiologic techniques and to their clinical application, with guidelines and suggestions on how an integrated approach can be used to reach diagnosis. Some of the chapters focus on the newborn infant and the first years of life, highlighting the most appropriate MRI, clinical, and EEG techniques to investigate the developing brain. Techniques used in older children are also presented, including state-of-the art insights that afford a better understanding of the correlation between function and brain structure in young patients with brain lesions
Neurological assessment of late-preterm infants during the first year of age.
Full text linkNo abstract available
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
