24,814 research outputs found
Fig. 3. Hoplias microlepis, USNM 293250, 176.2 in Taxonomic study of Hoplias microlepis (Günther, 1864), a trans-Andean species of trahiras (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Erythrinidae)
No full textFig. 3. Hoplias microlepis, USNM 293250, 176.2 mm SL, Pirre River, Tuira, Panama.Published as part of Mattox, George M. T., Bifi, Alessandro G. & Oyakawa, Osvaldo T., 2014, Taxonomic study of Hoplias microlepis (Günther, 1864), a trans-Andean species of trahiras (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Erythrinidae), pp. 343-352 in Neotropical Ichthyology 12 (2) on page 348, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20130174, http://zenodo.org/record/463906
Priocharax nanus Toledo-Piza & Mattox & Britz 2014, new species
No full textPriocharax nanus, new species Figs. 1-4 Holotype. MZUSP 114014, 13.8 mm SL, Brazil, Amazonas, Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, rio Negro basin, lake at right bank of rio Urubaxi, near igarapé Tapage, 0º33’44.2”S 64º49’40.8”W, 26 Oct 2011, M. Toledo-Piza, G. Mattox, M. Marinho & R. Britz. Paratypes. MZUSP 114015, 9, 12.1-15.3 mm SL (3 c&s, 14.1-15.3 mm SL), same data as holotype. MZUSP 114016, 5, 12.6-14.6 mm SL (2 c&s, 13.4-13.8 mm SL), Brazil, Amazonas, Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, rio Negro basin, igarapé Tapage at left bank of rio Urubaxi, 0º30’5.3”S 64º49’11.7”W, 26 Oct 2011, M. Toledo-Piza, G. Mattox, M. Marinho & R. Britz. MZUSP 114017, 3, 13.5-14.6 mm SL (1 c&s, 14.6 mm SL), Brazil, Amazonas, Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, rio Negro basin, first tributary of rio Negro above rio Daraá, 0º27’24.2”S 64º46’54.1”W, 27 Oct 2011, M. Toledo-Piza, G. Mattox, M. Marinho & R. Britz. INPA 39891, 4, 12.5-13.9 mm SL; MZUSP 114018, 11, 11.1-15.4 mm SL (5 c&s, 12.0-14.0 mm SL); USNM 427007, 4, 12.1-13.3 mm SL; Brazil, Amazonas, Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, rio Negro basin, rio Negro and tributaries near Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, 23-30 Oct 2011, M. Toledo-Piza, G. Mattox, M. Marinho & R. Britz. Diagnosis. Priocharax nanus is distinguished from P. ariel and P. pygmaeus by the presence of i,6 pelvic-fin rays (vs. i,5), the presence of the claustrum (vs. claustrum absent) and the presence of two postcleithra (versus postcleithra absent). Priocharax nanus can be further distinguished from P. ariel by the lower number of gill rakers on the lower limb of the first branchial arch (9-10, n=11 vs. 11-13) and by the relatively shorter caudal peduncle (13.5-16.8 % SL vs. 18.1- 23.7 % SL). Although there is some overlap between the species, Priocharax nanus has a higher number of branched anal-fin rays compared to P. ariel (21-26, mean = 22.5, n = 36 vs. 16-21, mean = 18.5, n = 96 respectively). Description. For overall appearance see Figure 1. Morphometric data provided in Table 1. Body laterally compressed. Greatest body depth at vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal-fin origin approximately at midbody, at vertical through anal-fin origin. Pelvic-fin origin approximately midway between posterior margin of opercle and anal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head and body gently convex from tip of snout to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of body along dorsal-fin base nearly straight, gently sloping posteroventrally; straight and posteroventrally inclined from latter point to caudal peduncle. Dorsal profile of caudal peduncle gently concave to base of dorsal procurrent rays. Ventral profile of head and body gently convex from symphysis of lower jaw to vertical through pectoral-fin origin; straight to slightly convex from latter point to pelvic-fin origin. Ventral profile of body posteroventrally inclined from pelvic-fin to anal-fin origin; straight and posterodorsally slanted along anterior one-half of anal-fin base, gently concave from latter point to base of ventral procurrent rays. Caudal peduncle elongate. Pseudotympanum present, located anterior to rib of fifth vertebra. Snout blunt in lateral view. Eye about one-third of head length. Infraorbitals 1 to 6 and supraorbital absent, antorbital present. Mouth terminal with lower jaw slightly included. Tip of maxilla elongate, posterior border reaching vertical through posterior border of pupil. Premaxillary teeth in single series with 23(2), 24(4), 25(2), 27(1), or 29(2) teeth. Maxilla with 32(1), 33(1), 34(1), 35(2), 36(2), 37(1), 38(1), 39(1), or 41(1) teeth. Dentary with 33(2), 34(1), 35(2), 36(1), 38(2), 39(2), or 40(1) teeth. Dentary teeth in single series, with few anterior teeth slightly displaced anteriorly.All jaw teeth small, conical and lingually curved to a moderate extent (Fig. 2). Dorsal-fin rays ii.8(2) or 9*(35). Pectoral fin with larval structure (Fig. 3). Cartilaginous pectoral radial plate incompletely divided longitudinally, articulating anteriorly with vertically elongated scapulocoracoid cartilage and posteriorly with larval-like pectoral-fin fold supported only by actinotrichia. Pectoral-fin rays absent. Endoskeletal bones of pectoral girdle absent, exoskeletal part with posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and two postcleithra. Cleithrum with posteriorly directed process at region immediately below ventral tip of supracleithrum. Pelvic-fin rays i,6* in all specimens (n=37). Posterior tip of pelvic fin falling short of origin of anal fin but extending slightly beyond anus. Analfin rays iv-v, 21(7), 22*(13), 23(12), 24(3), 25(1), or 26(1). Anal-fin margin concave with anterior elongate lobe and posterior section of short rays. Caudal-fin rays i,9,8,i (16), dorsal procurrent rays 8 (8) or 9 (3), ventral procurrent rays 6 (4) or 7 (7). Caudal fin forked. Adipose fin absent. Squamation present in almost all specimens, but scales highly deciduous and easily lost during handling. Scales cycloid, very thin, with no obvious circuli or radii. Scales in midlateral row 28(1), 29(2), 30(2), 31(1), or 32(1); no canal bearing lateral-line scales on body. Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and pelvic-fin origin 7(1) or 8(7). Scale rows around caudal peduncle 9(4) or 10(2). Predorsal scales typically absent with one or two scales just anterior to dorsal fin in few specimens. Scales restricted to base of caudal-fin rays, not covering caudal-fin lobes. Total vertebrae 32(2), 33(7), or 34(2); abdominal vertebrae 14(10) or 15(1); caudal vertebrae 18(3), 19(6), or 20(2). Upper limb gill-rakers 3(7) or 4(4), lower limb gill-rakers 9(6) or 10(5). Weberian apparatus well developed, all components ossified. Claustrum present as tiny, circular bone (Fig. 4). Large gap present between neural arches 3 and 4, with gap partially filled by dorsally projecting pointed process from vertebral centrum 3. Inner arm of os suspensorium large, projecting forward to vertical through middle of second centrum. Color in alcohol. Overall ground color pale yellow (Fig. 1a). Patch of dark chromatophores present on dorsal portion of head and scattered dark chromatophores on opercle. Head with two dark stripes radiating from eye, one anteriorly to tip of snout and another ventrally. Line of dark chromatophores extends along dentary and on anterior tip of lower jaw. Iridophores present in orbit of some specimens. Longitudinal line of dark chromatophores along midlateral side of body. Triangular patch of dark chromatophores at base of caudal fin forming inconspicuous spot. Scattered dark chromatophores on posterior half of body, probably remnants of chevron-shaped dark thin lines present in live specimens. Dark chromatophores along predorsal midline forming two incomplete separate lines. Bases of anal-fin rays dark and forming irregular line along fin. Line of dark, more deeply located chromatophores slightly dorsal to base of anal-fin rays and also extending along fin base. Another dark line, dorsal and more superficial than latter, extending posteriorly from vertical through third to fourth branched anal-fin ray. These three lines more evident and better separated anteriorly and merging posteriorly. Three patches of dark chromatophores ventrally on body anterior to pelvic fin. Posteriormost patch elongated and located anterior to basipterygium, middle one more rounded and located at point of contact of contralateral pectoral girdles, anteriormost in form of a small spot on isthmus. Few dark chromatophores present in region around anus. Dark chromatophores at origins of dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins.All fins except pectoral with scattered dark chromatophores along borders of fin rays. Color in life. Body mostly transparent (Fig. 1b). Pattern of distribution of dark chromatophores on head, along lateral sides of body, on caudal peduncle, and on all fins except pectoral as described above for color in alcohol. Dark chromatophores also scattered on dorsal surface of swim bladder and along anterior half of vertebral column. Approximately 10 vertical dark narrow bars along body from vertical through posterior margin of opercle to vertical through tip of posteriormost anal-fin ray, more or less evenly spaced and in a chevron-shaped pattern. Most narrow bars extend from dorsal to ventral margins of body, occasionally incomplete. Each bar W-shaped, following course of myoseptum. Numerous, tiny bright orange spots scattered over entire head and body, frequently forming longitudinal lines along anterior predorsal line and dorsal-fin base, anal-fin base and vertebral column. Patch of similar orange spots on dorsal surface of swim bladder and base of caudal fin. Orange spots forming approximately five vertical lines along caudal-fin rays, anterior lines better defined than more diffuse posterior lines. Orange spots scattered mainly along anterior four or five dorsal-fin rays. Iridophores covering swim bladder dorsally. Eye silvery, dorsal margin with dark and orange chromatophores. Sexual dimorphism. Gonads not checked. Hooks absent in dorsal-, pectoral-, pelvic-, and anal-fins of all examined specimens (n=37). Geographic distribution. Priocharax nanus is presently known from the rio Negro basin, Amazonas, Brazil (Fig. 5), in the surroundings of Santa Isabel do Rio Negro. The type locality near igarapé Tapaje is located in the rio Urubaxi basin, near its confluence with the rio Negro (Fig. 6). The new species was also collected from two other localities: one near the type locality in the rio Urubaxi, a right bank tributary of rio Negro and the other in a tributary of the left bank of the rio Negro. Specimens from a fourth locality also located in a tributary of the left margin of the rio Negro were only recorded from photographs. This locality (Igarapé Tibarrá, approximately 300 m above confluence with rio Negro, 0º26’28.4”S 64º56’57.5”W) the western most point in the map on Fig. 5, is the nearest to Santa Isabel do Rio Negro. Ecological notes. All specimens were collected between 9:00 and 17:00h, during the dry season (October), in the black acidic waters of the rio Negro basin. Three of the four localities were in shaded areas, close to the shore line where there was emergent and marginal vegetation. In the latter case trunks and branches were partially submerged (Fig. 6). Specimens were caught with dip nets around the submerged vegetation, at depths of approximately 1 m or less. In the other locality, located in the first tributary of the rio Negro above rio Daraá (0º27’24.2”S 64º46’54), the vegetation on the river bank had been recently burnt and some newly grown submerged and emergent vegetation was present along with scattered tree trunks. The specimens were collected from an area exposed to the sun in warm, shallow water, approximately 50 cm deep. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin, nanus, meaning a dwarf and alludes to the tiny size of adult specimens of the species. A noun in apposition.Published as part of Toledo-Piza, Mônica, Mattox, George M. T. & Britz, Ralf, 2014, Priocharax nanus, a new miniature characid from the rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characiformes), with an updated list of miniature Neotropical freshwater fishes, pp. 229-246 in Neotropical Ichthyology 12 (2) on pages 231-233, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20130171, http://zenodo.org/record/463904
Ground-based geological mapping integrated by UAs in the Chiavenna area (Central Alps): examples of application in the frame of the CARG project
No full textGround-based geological mapping integrated by UAs in the Chiavenna area (Central Alps):
examples of application in the frame of the CARG project
Tartarotti P.*1, Apuani T.', Arrigoni F.', Conforto A.', Pigazzi E.', Tantardini D.' & Toffolon G.?
1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra
"A. Desio", Università di Milano. 2 Contractor CARG-Valchiavenna Project.
Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Traditional ground-based mapping of cry stalline basements is essential to unravel their tectono-metamorphic
evolution. However, the structural setting of metamorphic terranes is most of the time complicated by the
polyphase history, not least by neotectonics. Many scientific difficulties can be overcome by implementing
the field work with analytical investigations, such as chemical or geochronological analyses, that may solve
several geological issues as long as the structural and microstructural features are well constrained. Recently, an
interest has been growing in advanced technologies dedicated to data acquisition and applications in geological
mapping. Nowadays, unmanned aerial systems (UASs) such as drones are more and more utilised, especially
in mineral exploration and mine exploitation (.g., Honarmand & Shahriari, 2021). Drone photogrammetry
is particularly useful in inaccessible areas, opening a new perspective for all kinds of ground operators. We
used DJI Mavic 2 Pro and DJI Mavic Mini drones to implement the traditional field work on crystalline
basements in the Chiavenna area (Central Alps), within the frame of the project '
"Carta Geologica d'Italia
at scale 1:50.000 - CARG', covering ca. 700 kmq. This area is characterized by altitudes ranging between
200 and 3300 m a.s.l., and by a hostile topography with steep slopes and few road access that make many
outcrops scarcely or not reachable. Most of the territory sees the exposure of polymetamorphic basements of
the Penninic Suretta, Tambò, and Adula Nappes, separated by sheets of Mesozoic metasedimentary rocks, the
Chiavenna unit, interpreted as a remnant of the Valais Ocean, and the Gruf Complex, whose attribution is still
uncertain, intruded in the southeastern portion by the Bergell pluton (Schmid et al., 1996). UAS tools turn to
be fundamental in such kind of terrains, whose applications regard the recognition of different lithologies on
exposed surfaces, structures, morphologies, and landslides. Reiteration of field and intermediate laboratory
work, with UAS-assisted surveys is necessary to finalise the geological mapping and its interpretation.
Honarmand M. & Shahriari H. (2021) - Geological Mapping Using Drone-Based Photogrammetry: An Application for
Exploration of Vein-Type Cu Mineralization. Minerals, 11(6), 585.
Schmid S. M., Pfiffner O. A., Froitzheim N., Schönborn G. & Kissling E. (1996) - Geophysical-geological transect and
tectonic evolution of the Swiss-Italian Alps. Tectonics, 15(5), 1036-1064
Mesophilic-hydrothermal-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion of green corn straw
No full textMesophilic-hydrothermal (80-160 degrees C, 30 min)-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion and control tests of mesophilic (M), thermophilic (T), hydrothermal-mesophilic (H-M), and mesophilic-thermophilic digestion (M-T) of green corn straw were conducted for a 20-day fermentation period. The results indicate that M-H-T is an efficient method to improve methane production. A maximum methane yield of 371.74 mL/g volatile solid was obtained by the M (3 days)-H (140 degrees C)-T (17 days) process, which was 20.44%, 16.55%, 31.44%, and 14.31% higher than the yields of the M, T, 140-M, and M-T processes. The enhanced methane production was attributed to (1) the improved hemicellulose degradation and lignin disorganization; (2) prevention of the degradation of soluble sugar, easily hydrolyzed hemicellulose and cellulose into furfural and methylfurfural; and (3) lack of formation of Maillard reaction products during initial hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C3H7NO2S effect on concrete steel-rebar corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 simulating industrial/microbial environment
No full textThis paper investigates C3H7NO2S (Cysteine) effect on the inhibition of reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4, for simulating industrial/microbial environment. Different C3H7NO2S concentrations were admixed, in duplicates, in steel-reinforced concrete samples that were partially immersed in the acidic sulphate environment. Electrochemical monitoring techniques of open circuit potential, as per ASTM C876-91 R99, and corrosion rate, by linear polarization resistance, were then employed for studying anticorrosion effect in steel-reinforced concrete samples by the organic hydrocarbon admixture. Analyses of electrochemical test-data followed ASTM G16-95 R04 prescriptions including probability distribution modeling with significant testing by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and student's t-tests statistics. Results established that all datasets of corrosion potential distributed like the Normal, the Gumbel and the Weibull distributions but that only the Weibull model described all the corrosion rate datasets in the study, as per the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test-statistics. Results of the student's t-test showed that differences of corrosion test-data between duplicated samples with the same C3H7NO2S concentrations were not statistically significant. These results indicated that 0.06878 M C3H7NO2S exhibited optimal inhibition efficiency η = 90.52±1.29% on reinforcing steel corrosion in the concrete samples immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4, simulating industrial/microbial service-environment
The long-wavelength view of GG Tau A: rocks in the ring world
No full textWe present the first detection of GG Tau A at centimetre wavelengths, made with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array at a frequency of 16 GHz (λ = 1.8 cm). The source is detected at >6 σrms with an integrated flux density of S16GHz = 249 ± 45 µJy. We use these new centimetre-wave data, in conjunction with additional measurements compiled from the literature, to investigate the long-wavelength tail of the dust emission from this unusual protoplanetary system. We use an MCMC-based method to determine maximum likelihood parameters for a simple parametric spectral model and consider the opacity and mass of the dust contributing to the microwave emission. We derive a dust mass of Md ~ 0.1 Msun, constrain the dimensions of the emitting region and find that the opacity index at λ > 7 mm is less than unity, implying a contribution to the dust population from grains exceeding ~4 cm in size. We suggest that this indicates coagulation within the GG Tau A system has proceeded to the point where dust grains have grown to the size of small rocks with dimensions of a few centimetres. Considering the relatively young age of the GG Tau association in combination with the low derived disc mass, we suggest that this system may provide a useful test case for rapid core accretion planet formation models
Correction to: Ceftaroline Fosamil for Treatment of Pediatric Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and Community-Acquired Pneumonia (Pediatric Drugs, (2021), 23, 6, (549-563), 10.1007/s40272-021-00468-w)
No full textThe article “Ceftaroline Fosamil for Treatment of Pediatric Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and Community-Acquired Pneumonia”, written by Susanna Esposito,Timothy J, Carrothers ,Todd Riccobene , Gregory G. Stone and Michal Kantecki was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 31st August 2021 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 20th September 2021 to © The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. The original article has been corrected
Blood stem cell collections after mobilization with combination chemotherapy containing ifosfamide followed by G-CSF in multiple myeloma
No full textHigh-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment of patients with multiple myeloma today. In this study we used a combination mobilizing chemotherapy containing ifosfamide with G-CSF before stem cell collection. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of ifosfamide (2,500 mg/m(2) days 1-3), epirubicin (100 mg/m(2) day 1) and etoposide (150 mg/m2 days 1-3) followed by G-CSF (5 mug/kg from day 5). In 30 younger patients (median age 51 years; range 41-60 years) who received the IEV regimen in 100% dosage, a median of 11.15 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg (range 0-44.60 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg) was collected. In 22 elder patients (median age 64 years; range 59-72 years) similar collection results were obtained with a median of 10.82 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg (range 0.99-42.22 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg) after the IEV regimen in 75% dosage. The pretreatment chemotherapy cycles before mobilization were fewer in elder patients with a median of 0 cycles (range 0-7 cycles) compared with younger patients with a median of 4 cycles (range 0-7 cycles). These collection results were favorable and allowed to support a tandem transplantation procedure in younger and elder patients in 97 and 95%, respectively. In the majority of patients, the hematological toxicity of IEV was of WHO grade 3/4. The extramedullary toxicity was mild to moderate and there were only few cases (5-10%) of relevant nephrotoxicity or neurotoxicity associated with the application of ifosfamide. Copyright (C) 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel
Discovery of an optical counterpart to the hyperluminous X-ray source in ESO 243-49
No full textThe existence of black holes of masses similar to 10(2)-10(5)M(circle dot) has important implications for the formation and evolution of star clusters and supermassive black holes. One of the strongest candidates to date is the hyperluminous X-ray source (HLX1), possibly located in the S0- a galaxy ESO 243-49, but the lack of an identifiable optical counterpart had hampered its interpretation. Using the Magellan telescope, we have discovered an unresolved optical source with R = 23.80 +/- 0.25 mag and V = 24.5 +/- 0.3 mag within HLX1's positional error circle. This implies an average X-ray/optical flux ratio similar to 500. Taking the same distance as ESO 243-49, we obtain an intrinsic brightness M-R = -11.0 +/- 0.3 mag, comparable to that of a massive globular cluster. Alternatively, the optical source is consistent with a main-sequence M star in the Galactic halo (for example an M4.4 star at approximate to 2.5 kpc). We also examined the properties of ESO 243-49 by combining Swift/Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) observations with stellar population modelling. We found that the overall emission is dominated by a similar to 5-Gyr-old stellar population, but the UV emission at approximate to 2000 angstrom is mostly due to ongoing star formation at a rate of similar to 0.03M(circle dot) yr(-1). The UV emission is more intense (at least a 9 sigma enhancement above the mean) north-east of the nucleus, in the same quadrant as HLX1. With the combined optical and X-ray measurements, we put constraints on the nature of HLX1. We rule out a foreground star and a background AGN. Two alternative scenarios are still viable. HLX1 could be an accreting intermediate mass black hole in a star cluster, which may itself be the stripped nucleus of a dwarf galaxy that passed through ESO 243-49, an event which might have caused the current episode of star formation. Or, it could be a neutron star in the Galactic halo, accreting from an M4-M5 donor star
Self-archiving practice and the influence of publisher policies in the social sciences
No full textAuthors in different disciplines exhibit very different behaviours on the so-called ‘green’ road to open access, i.e. self-archiving. This study looks at the self-archiving behaviour of authors publishing in leading journals in six social science disciplines. It tests the hypothesis that authors are self-archiving according to the norms of their respective disciplines rather than following self-archiving policies of publishers, and that, as a result, they are self-archiving significant numbers of publisher PDF versions. It finds significant levels of
self-archiving, as well as significant self-archiving of
the publisher PDF version, in all the disciplines
investigated. Publishers’ self-archiving policies have
no influence on author self-archiving practice
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