1,721,135 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

    Full text link
    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Fluid-Dynamic Characterisation of MCFC Gas Distributors.

    No full text
    Abstract Previous studies at the plant scale have shown that thermal management is a crucial point in molten carbonate fuel cell operation optimisation. At the local scale, the principal mechanisms controlling the temperature map on the cell plane have been analysed and it has been shown that the fluid dynamics of the anodic and cathodic gases on the cell could have a fundamental role in thermal optimisation. So, the authors have analysed the gas flow in planner cells, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique and identifying the characteristic fluid-dynamic parameters. The studied structure consists of a typical current collector/gas distributor formed by a plurality of arches with suitable height to provide sufficient reactant flow area, proper stiffness to accept compressive load and adequate resiliently to distribute the load and maintain electrical contact. The results of this analysis are presented and discussed in this paper, while the modelling approach is presented as a useful tool for improving the current collector/gas distributor design, identifying new technological solutions and optimising MCFC performance

    Thermal management of the MCFC cell plane

    No full text
    gas temperature of at least 855K is necessary to guarantee good ionic conduction inside the cells. Maximum local temperatures higher than 960K should be avoided because they can cause problems such as electrolyte loss and corrosion. The first limit can easily be managed, while the second can only be managed through taking many local measurements or, more properly, reliable detailed simulation models. Using a specific code developed by the authors, the temperature distribution on the cell plane can be calculated with an error of the same order of magnitude as the experimental one. The study of different MCFC operating conditions carried out using our simulation tool highlighted the difficulties in respecting the constraint on the maximum local temperature. The temperature maps of an MCFC plane can be very irregular and some parts of the cell can work under critical conditions even if the average temperature is not too high and this aspect is critical for industrial optimisation of MCFC performance. Different techniques have been tried to obtain a uniform temperature distribution on the cell plane. In particular, having observed that fluid-dynamics plays a predominant role in the problem, a solution based on the use of non-uniform inlet gas-flows has been proposed. The encouraging results obtained will be shown and discussed in detail

    Variations on the Author

    Full text link
    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
    corecore